factor of food spoilage. germ altering merchantability = pathogens for plant + degradation agents...
TRANSCRIPT
Factor of food spoilageFactor of food spoilage
Germ altering merchantability= pathogens for plant + degradation agents
Germ altering the sanitary quality= pathogens for
human
Two types of factor of food spoilage
Food infection Unmarketable food
Factor of food spoilageFactor of food spoilage
Impact of degradation agents
Impact of degradation agents
1-Changing the appearance of food
Erwinia carotovora on spice and in the middle of a melon
« Blue » mozzarella following the development of Pseudomonas fluorescens
Factor of food spoilageFactor of food spoilage
Impact of degradation agents
Impact of degradation agents
Mold (Mucor) growing on the surface of a cheese…with appearance similar to cat hair
Factor of food spoilageFactor of food spoilage
1-Changing the appearance of food
Impact of degradation agents
Impact of degradation agents
Carnobacterium maltaromaticum causing « greening » with tomato sauce (here for example with beef
lasagne)
Alternaria causing an acidic taste in citrus and citrus juices
Factor of food spoilageFactor of food spoilage
2-Changing the taste of food
Impact of degradation agents
Impact of degradation agents
Plasmapora viticola (mildew of vine) grows on grapes and consumes carbohydrate reserves
Factor of food spoilageFactor of food spoilage
3-Changing the nutritional value and the processing opportunities
With less sugar it will be difficult to make a fermentation and transform grapes into wine !!
Impact of degradation Impact of degradation agentsagents
on potatoeson potatoes
Potato, a target of all attacks…
Attacks by insects, worms, molluscs, rodents… Viruses infections
Bacterial infectionsMold infections
Example of pathogen bacteria for potato : Pectobacterium
Pectobacterium (new name of the group Erwinia) : bacteria from Enterobacterial family,
pathogen for a lot of plant, cause a decay of plants and tubers some important species (P.carotovorum,
P.atrosepticum…)
Decay of potato by P.atrosepticum
P.atrosepticum (x 2850)
Pectobacterium : easily transmissible pathogenic
PlantingPlanting
Steps of industrial production of potatoes
HarvestHarvest
WashingWashing
StorageStorage
GerminationGermination
WaterWater
ProcessingProcessing
Possible contamination by Pectobacterium
Everything contaminated!!
Pectobacterium : easily transmissible pathogenic
Regions of world production- Europe- Asia in particular China
Potato, a very important economy…
Global value of potatoes production
6 billions dollars / year in the world (4 for fresh potatoes, 2 for transformed potatoes : frozen products, starch…)
Potato, a very important economy…
Diseaeses of potatoes cause 32% loss of world production FAO (Food and agriculture organization) – September 2009
2 billions dollars losses / year !!!
It’s important to eradicate these diseases, by developping :
-innovative methods to diagnose these pathogens ,
-solutions for prevention and treatment.
Potato, a very important economy…