fact there are more than a million different kinds of animals on earth
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CHAPTER 2 ANIMALS AS ORGANISMS
FactThere are more than a million different kinds of animals on Earth.
Taxonomy and Names Taxonomy is the science of
classifying organisms. Scientific names is based on the
taxonomy of an animal species. Each animal has a two part name. (Genus and Species)
Common name is the name of everyday conversation.
Kingdom animalia share three traits Animals are made up of cells Animals can move about on their own Animals get their food form other
sources
Structure and Functions
Animals are classified into two groups: Vertebrate – an animal with a backbone Invertebrate - an animal without a backbone
Classes Animals are classified into three main
classes: Birds – feathers, light bones, Fish – Scales , breathe through gills Mammals – mammary glands, females
produce milk, have hair, teeth, 4- chambered heart, regulated body temperature.
Life Processes Animal life
needs are Getting and
using food Movement Circulation Respiration Growth and
repair Secretion Sensation Reproduction
The Structural Basis of Animals
Cell Division – Mitosis and Meiosis Cell Specialization – Tissue and Organs
Anatomy – form, shape, and appearance of the animal
Bones – Hard, semi-rigid tissue that forms the skeleton on the animal
The five shapes of bone are: Short – cubed shaped Flat - skull Irregular – complex with
varying shapes Sesamoid – small and
embedded in tendons (small)
Long - longer than wide - legs
Bone Structure Cartilage – rubbery tissue found at ends
of long bones and between vertebrates Growth Plates – place where cartilage is
formed in layers. These layers become bone and new layers of cartilage is formed. Repeats until adulthood.
Marrow – yellow ( mostly fat) and red ( network of blood vessels and blood forming cells.
Major Animal Systems and Physiology
Muscular System Skeletal System Digestive System Respiratory System Circulatory System Excretory System Lymphatic System Nervous System Integumentary System Reproductive System