facilitating mobile broadband development in hong kong...tv channels as vacated after analogue tv...
TRANSCRIPT
Facilitating Mobile Broadband Development in Hong Kong
Spectrum Futures 2014
30 October 2014
Chaucer Leung
Assistant Director (Regulatory Affairs) Office of the Communications Authority
Hong Kong
1. Update of Mobile Telecommunications Market
in Hong Kong
2
Growth of Mobile Service Subscription
No. of mobile operators: 4
No. of MVNOs: 21
Total no. of mobile subscribers: 17.1 million (penetration at 236%)
No. of 2.5G/3G/4G subscribers: 12.7 million (penetration at 175%)
No. of 3G/4G subscribers: 12.6 million (penetration at 174%)
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
Nu
mb
er o
f M
ob
ile S
ub
scri
ber
s (i
n t
ho
usa
nd
s)
Number of Mobile Subscribers
Total No. of Mobile Subscribers
Total No. of 2.5G / 3G / 4G Subscribers
As in July each year
17.1 M
12.7 M
3
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Mo
nth
ly A
vera
geM
ob
ile D
ata
Usa
ge p
er
Dat
a Su
bsr
ibe
r (M
B)
Mo
nth
ly M
ob
ile D
ata
Usa
gein
Ho
ng
Ko
ng
(TB
)
Mobile Data Usage
Monthly Mobile Data Usage e in Hong Kong (TB)
Monthly Average Mobile Data Usage per Data Subscriber (MB)
As in July each year
Growth of Mobile Data Usage Monthly mobile data usage
growth - Last 12 months : +38% (1.38x)
Last 2 years : +137% (2.37x)
Last 3 years : +363% (4.63x)
Monthly mobile data usage per 2.5G/3G/4G subscriber in July each year - 2013 : 946 MB
2014 : 1,161 MB
Representing a rapid growth of mobile data traffic
10,629 TB
14,716 TB
6,204 TB
384 TB
4
3,175 TB
1,237 TB
1,161 MB
946 MB
79 206 863 4,337 14,831
35,137 71,311
121,241
170,006 *
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Ann
ual T
otal
2.5
G+
3G T
raff
ic C
arri
ed (
in T
Byt
es)
Year
Growth of Annual Mobile Data Traffic (Projected from Figures up to July 2014)
Forecast of Mobile Data Usage
5
~350K in 2016
Around 2 times Growth in Data Usage Between 2014 and 2016
* - The annual total traffic in 2014 is estimated from the actual figures in Jan-Jul
2014 with the figures in the remaining months estimated by linear projection.
2. Supply of Licensed Spectrum
6
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Tota
l Ban
dw
idth
Re
leas
ed
in M
Hz
Year
Total Amount of Radio Spectrum Released to Hong Kong Market
Radio Spectrum Released to Market
7
2G Era 3G Era 4G Era
Hutchison launched
3G in Jan 2004
CSL launched 4G in
Nov 2010
610 MHz
219 MHz 391 MHz of radio spectrum released between 2000 and 2014
Digital Dividend (1)
TV channels as vacated after analogue TV switching-off (ASO) may be refarmed for telecommunications services or other services – commonly known as “digital dividend” (DD)
Due to the radio propagation characteristics, the UHF band, and hence the DD band, is very suitable for mobile service
DD can help satisfy the demand for more radio spectrum for the ever-growing mobile broadband usage
8
Mobile Services
Guard Band
45 MHz 45 MHz
TV Broadcast Band,
total 224 MHz
Mobile Transmit Base Transmit
Digital Dividend (2)
9
Current ASO working target in Hong Kong by end 2015
ASO target in Mainland China by 2020 Hong Kong Government is revisiting the ASO working target
Other Possible Spectrum for Mobile Services (1) Keep track of industry, regional and international
development Collection of views from local spectrum users : satellite
operators, telecommunication carriers, law enforcement agencies and civil aviation industry, etc.
Liaison with Mainland China
APT Conference Preparatory Group (APG) for WRC-15
World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 (WRC-15)
ITU-R preparatory studies
ITU-R Conference Preparatory Meeting (CPM)
10
Other Possible Spectrum for Mobile Services (2)
Potential candidate bands to be discussed at WRC-15 470-698 MHz, 1350-1400 MHz, 1427-1525 MHz, 1695-1710 MHz, 2700-2900 MHz, 3300-3600 MHz, 3600-4200 MHz, 4400-4500 MHz, 4500-4800 MHz, 4800-4990 MHz, 5350-5470 MHz, 5725-5850 MHz, 5925-6425 MHz
The latest draft CPM Report to WRC-15 No consensus on the proposed candidate of any of these
frequency bands for mobile broadband
11
Spectrum Re-farming Technology neutral principle
Mobile operators may use any widely recognised technology for provision of services with the assigned spectrum
except for a licensee in adopting CDMA2000 technology, which was required in the license condition as stipulated in the auction of spectrum
Mobile operators may freely re-farm part of their spectrum in the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands (originally for 2G services) for 3G and 4G services
12
2G 3G 4G
59 MHz 193 MHz (with 39.6 MHz from the 850/900
MHz band)
320 MHz (with 120 MHz from the 1800 MHz
band)
Spectrum Swapping
Frequency swap between two mobile operators for more efficient use of spectrum
A precedent in the 1800 MHz band Reducing adjacent channel interference
Increasing spectral efficiency and network capacity
13
SmarTone CMHK CMHK SmarToneOther MNOsCMHKOther MNOs
SmarTone SmarTone CMHK CMHK CMHK CMHKOther MNOsOther MNOs
Existing
Frequency
Assignment
Frequency
Assignment
After the Swap
Spectrum Re-assignment (1)
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Paired Spectrum in the 1.9 – 2.2 GHz Band (3G Spectrum) 120 MHz of 3G Spectrum assigned though auction to four mobile operators
in 2001 for a term of 15 years
Existing assignments will expire in October 2016
Guiding Principles in Spectrum Management Use of a market-based approach when there are competing demands for the
spectrum unless there are overriding public policy reasons to do otherwise No legitimate expectation for any right of renewal or right of first refusal of
any spectrum assignment upon expiry 3 years advance notice to be given for spectrum re-assignment
Due process from March 2012 to October 2013 Two rounds of public consultation A consultancy study commissioned to study the impact on service quality and
customers stemming from spectrum re-assignment
Spectrum Re-assignment (2)
Objectives in the Re-assignment of the 3G Spectrum
Market-based Approach
Administratively-assigned Approach
Hybrid Approach
Ensuring customer service continuity
Promoting efficient spectrum utilisation
Promoting effective competition
Encouraging investment & innovative services
Decision of the CA in November 2013 Adopt the hybrid administratively-assigned-cum-market-based
approach to re-assign the 3G Spectrum
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Spectrum Re-assignment (3) The Band Plan (taking into account a merger in May 2014)
All the incumbent 3G operators have accepted the offer of right of first
refusal for the re-assignment of the 3G spectrum totalled 70 MHz
3G spectrum totalled 50 MHz will be re-assigned through an open
auction to be conducted in December 2014
59.4 MHz
Existing Assignees
14.8 MHz 14.8 MHz 14.8 MHz 14.8 MHz
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S10
S11
S12
Lower Sub-band 1920.3 MHz 1949.9 MHz 1950.1 MHz 1979.7 MHz
Upper Sub-band 2110.3 MHz 2139.9 MHz 2140.1 MHz 2169.7 MHz
1935.1 MHz 1964.9 MHz
2154.9 MHz
SmarTone Hutchison
2125.1 MHz
Merged Entity (HKT/CSL)
16
3. Offload to Unlicensed Spectrum
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Wi-Fi in Hong Kong (1)
Public Wi-Fi service provided by private sector:
5 carriers and 38 class licensees
> 28,000 Wi-Fi access points
Public Wi-Fi service provided by the Government (GovWiFi)
Over 2,700 Wi-Fi access points provided by GovWiFi at around 470 government premises
18
Wi-Fi in Hong Kong (2)
“Wi-Fi.HK”:
Launched in August 2014
A concerted effort to promote a common brand and SSID “Wi-Fi.HK”
for the public Wi-Fi services offered by the public and private sectors
Completely free or free for a certain period of time
Participating organisations:
19
Wi-Fi in Hong Kong (3) After download of a free apps, mobile data customers can
automatically switchover from mobile data networks to Wi-Fi hotspots provided by their mobile operators
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TV White Space (TVWS) in Hong Kong (1)
TV Channel Utilization
All 42 TV channels (8 MHz bandwidth per channel) in the 470 – 806 MHz band are assigned for terrestrial TV broadcasting or mobile TV services
Mainland China is also sharing the same TV band for terrestrial TV broadcasting
TV signals from Guangdong transmitting stations may spill over into Hong Kong and vice versa Frequency coordination with the Mainland authority will be
needed for the use of TVWS in HK to avoid mutual radio interference
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22 •22 •22 •22 •22
TVWS in Hong Kong (2)
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: TV stations with high transmission power (e.g. 100 kW or above)
TVWS in Hong Kong (3)
OFCA has carried out a computer simulation to estimate the potential availability of TVWS in outdoor areas of Hong Kong
Only a small number of TV channels in 470 – 806 MHz band may be available for TVWS in certain outdoor areas of Hong Kong (mainly in the New Territories and outlying islands)
TVWS may be used for indoor low power applications, e.g. in shopping malls and underground MTR stations
OFCA will keep in view the development of TVWS and the availability of equipment in the mass market
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4. Other Regulatory Measures
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Encouraging Coverage in Remote Areas (1)
Assigning additional radio spectrum to operators for use in country parks and remote areas without any spectrum utilization fee
Allowing operators to use microwave stations to connect their radio base stations in country parks and remote areas
Subletting Government land for free
Allowing operators to use existing Government buildings and hilltop sites
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1 Kowloon Hill
2 Ma On Shan
3 Shing Mun
4 Kei Ling Ha
5 Bride's Pool Road
6 Golden Hill
7 Yuen Ng Fan
8 Woodside
9 Tsuen Kam Au
10 Shek Uk Shan
11 Robin's Nest
12 Cloudy Hill
13 Long Ke
14 Nga Ying Shan
15 Tai Lam Chung
16 Chung Pui
17 Tai Long Au
18 Shek Pik
19 Tiu Tang Lung
20 Tai Fung Au
21 Tai Tong
22 Man Cheung Po
23 Ap Chau
24 Pak Kung Au
25 Nam Shan
26 Sai Wan Shan
27 Pak Tam Au
Encouraging Coverage in Remote Areas (2)
Mobile stations
installed at
country parks
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Facilitating Development of Small Cells (1) Over 35,000 mobile base stations as in September 2014, including
both macro and non-macro cells
Non-macro cells are mainly deployed in indoor areas with lower ERP
About 15% of the base stations with ERP <= 1 W
About 35% of the base stations with ERP <= 10 W
Note: ERP=Effective radiated power 27
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Facilitating Development of Small Cells (2)
Payphone Kiosks
Bus Stop Shelters
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Lamp Posts
Possible Locations for Small Cells
Retail Shops on the Street
Facilitating Development of Small Cells (3)
Wireless backhaul is needed to connect small cells to the core network, Internet and other services
It is under planning that the 80 GHz band be allocated to the fixed service so as to allow mobile operators to deploy high capacity fixed links in their backhaul networks
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80 GHz fixed link • Channel bandwidth : 250 MHz • Data rate : ~ 1.2 Gb/s
UNPLANNED RADIOLOCATION,
AMATEUR, AMATEUR-SATELLITE, etc.
UNPLANNED
71 76 81 86 GHz
Thank You