fabric finish

7/21/2019 Fabric Finish

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Textile Finishing


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Bangladesh University of Business andTechnology (BUBT)

Permanent Campus Plot # 77-78 Road # 9 Rupnagar Mirpur-2,Dhaka-1216

ame! Mohammad "illal ossain $mohon%

Program! "&'(& )n *e+tile ngineering

)d! 11121728

)ntake !2nd

'e(tion -1

Bangladesh University of Business and

Technology (BUBT)

Dept& o. *e+tile ngineering


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/inishingTextile finishing is a term commonly applied to different process that the

textile material under go after pretreatment, dyeing or printing for finalembellishment to enhance there attractiveness and sale appeal as well as

for comfort and usefulness.

Objects of finishing:

The aim of finishing is to render textile goods fit for their purpose orend use. Besides that, finishing can be done for achieving the following

purposes-

a) To improve fabric attractiveness.

-By modification of fabric appearance (Calendaring, ptical

brightening) -By altering fabric handle (!oftening, !tiffening)

-Control of fabric dimension (!anforising, Compacting)

b) To improve service ability.

-"rotection of fabric (#lame proofing, $ater proofing)

-%mproved performance ($ater repellency, &aising)

-'asy care properties (&esin finish, Crease recovery)

)ntrodu(t

ion


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*e+tile /inishes are (lassi0ed in seeral a3s!

esthetic

#inishes

#unctional

#inishes

ccording to #unction

esthetic #inishes modify

the appearance and or handor drape of the fabrics.

*erceri+ationapping nd !ueding

!hearing !oftening !tiffening

#unctional #inishes improvethe performance properties ofthe fabric lie durability,strength etc.

ntimicrobialntiseptic Crease resistant

/urable "ress #lame &esistant *othproof !hrinage Control !oil &elease $ater "roof&epellantC

lassi0(a

tiono.*e+tile/inishing


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!emi

"ermanent

"ermanentTemporary

ccording to the 0uality

finish which is not

stable and goes off

after the first wash is

nown as temporary

finish and these

finishes disappears

during subse0uent

washing and usage.

Calendaring 'mbossing !tarching !oftening

%f the finishing effect inthe fabric does notdisappear and remainsunaffected through allthe conditions of wearand washing treatments,then the finish is said tobe permanent finish.

!anforising

&esin #inish$ater "roof#lame "roof

#inishing on the

fabric is said to be semi

permanent finish if it is

stable to more than 1 to

23 washes and notafterwards.

!chreiner

CalendaringBucram #inishC

lassi0(a



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Chemical#inishes

*echanical#inishes

ccording to type of machinery

Chemical finishes areusually applied to fabric bypadding followed by curing

and drying. These are alsocalled as wet #inishes.

#lame &etardant!oil &elease$ater "roof

Crease &esistance!oftening

*echanical #inishesusually involved specificphysical treatment to a

fabric surface to cause achange in fabricappearance. This is alsonown as dry finish.

Calendaring

&aising!anforising

Classi0(a



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CalendaringCalendaring is defined as the modification of the surface of a fabric bythe action of heat and pressure. The finish is obtained by passing thefabric between heated rotating rollers (!mooth or 'ngraved) when both

speed of rotation and pressure applied are variable.45e(ts o. Calendaring

*o improe the .a5ri( handleand to impart a smooth silk3tou(h to the .a5ri(&

*o (ompress the .a5ri( andredu(e its thi(kness&

*o redu(e the airpermea5ilit3 53 (losing thethreads&

*o in(rease the luster&

*o redu(e the 3arn slippage& 'ur.a(e patterning 53

em5ossing&Me(h

ani(al/

inishing


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"rushing*he pro(ess hi(h is used to remoe loose threads and short05re ends .rom smooth-sur.a(ed .a5ri(s and is also used toraise a nap on knits and oen .a5ri(s is (alled "rushing&

"rushing is .reuentl3 applied to .a5ri(s a.ter shearing,remoing the (ut 05res that hae .allen into the nap&

Me(h

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inishing


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Singeing'ingeing is a pro(ess applied to 5oth 3arns and .a5ri(s toprodu(e an een sur.a(e 53 5urning o proe(ting 05res,3arn ends, and .u& *his is a((omplished 53 passing the

05re or 3arn oer a gas :ame or heated (opper plates at aspeed su;(ient to 5urn aa3 the protruding materialithout s(or(hing or 5urning the 3arn or .a5ri(&

Me(h

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inishing

i


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*entering,

*hese are 0nal pro(esses applied to set the arp and e.t o.oen .a5ri(s at right angles to ea(h other, and to stret(h andset the .a5ri( to its 0nal dimensions& *entering stret(hes idthunder tension 53 the use o. a tenter .rame, (onsisting o.(hains 0tted ith pins or (lips to hold the selages o. the.a5ri(, and traelling on tra(ks&

Me(h

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inishing


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Raising1. Napping

4sing wire-covered rolls to 5dig out5 individual fiber ends

to the surface

2. Sueding

4sing abrasive-covered rolls (sandpaper, emery cloth, etc.)

to produce shorter pile surface - does cause an apparent shade change.

!pecial type of raised surface fabric is corduroy!ueding, sanding- creates softer hand of fabric.

Me(h

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inishing

Heat Setting

Heat Setting:6eat setting of synthetic fabrics eliminates the internal tensions

within the fiber generated during manufacture and the new state can be fixed

by rapid cooling.This heat setting fixes the fabrics in the relaxed state and thus avoids

subse0uent shrinage or creasing of fabric. "resetting of goods mae it possible

to use higher temperature for setting without considering the sublimation

properties of dyes and also has a favorable effect on dyeing behavior and

running properties of goods.


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SOFT FINISH:

!oftening is the complex phenomenon and is composite of surface

smoothness and internal lubrication of the fiber elements of the treated fabric.

There are many softening agent used in industries such as7

$etting agent cetic acid (for neutrali+ation) on-ionic polyethylene softener !lightly cationic softener

!ilicon softener

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HARD FINISH:

%n case of hard finish, it is desirable to mae the fabric

stiffer and give them more 8body9 by filling certain

chemicals7

$etting agent cetic acid (for neutrali+ation) on-ionic polyethylene softener !lightly cationic softener !ilicon softener

6ardeners RSIN FINISH:

The resin finish is also now as crease recovery treatmentsthe ob:ective of resin finish to remove the wrinles or crease

from the fabric by certain chemicals. $etting agent

cetic acid (for neutrali+ation) on-ionic polyethylene softener !lightly cationic softener !ilicon softener &esin

Catalyst ( mgcl;)

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Mer(eriationMer(eriation is a treatment .or (otton .a5ri( and thread thatgies .a5ri( a lustrous appearan(e& *he pro(ess is applied tomaterials like (otton or hemp& Mer(eriation alters the

(hemi(al stru(ture o. the (otton 05re& *he stru(ture o. the05re (hanges .rom alpha-(ellulose to 5eta-(ellulose&Mer(eriing results in the selling o. the (ell all o. the(otton 05re& *his (auses in(reases in the sur.a(e area andre:e(tan(e, and gies the 05er a so.ter .eel&

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/ire Resistant 0nishes!Pol3ester .a5ri(s (an 5e made :ameresistant 53 treatment ith an aueous

emulsion o. +3lene solu5le 2,=-di5romoprop3l phosphate in a pad-(ureseuen(e& > semi-permanent ee(t (an 5eprodu(ed 53 treating ith a mi+ture o.ammonium 5romide and 5rominatedphosphori( a(id esters&

Anti-microbial nishes

?ith the in(reasing use s3ntheti( 055ers .or(arpets and other materials in pu5li( pla(es, anti-mi(ro5ial 0nishes hae assumed importan(e& >ntimi(ro5ial 0nish (o-.riendl3 anti mi(ro5ial

0nishing agent .or (otton .a5ri(s @ Aarments&

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fabric finish

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