f1 2011 korea race report

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F1 2011 Korea (Race) * A Statistical Graphics Review Tony Hirst F1DataJunkie Blog License: CC-BY October 28, 2011 * Source data used to generate this report was obtained from the Timing Information press releases published via the F1/FIA Media Centre @psychemedia, http://f1datajunkie.blogspot.com 1

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Page 1: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

F1 2011 Korea (Race)∗

A Statistical Graphics Review

Tony Hirst†

F1DataJunkie BlogLicense: CC-BY

October 28, 2011

∗Source data used to generate this report was obtained from the Timing Information press releases publishedvia the F1/FIA Media Centre†@psychemedia, http://f1datajunkie.blogspot.com

1

Page 2: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

1 Race Summary Data

In this section, you will be able to find macroscopic charts that summarise the race over the wholefield.

1.1 Race Summary Chart

The Race Summary Chart attempts to summarise position related data across the whole race, andfor each driver.

Key The red dot denotes the GRID position; the black dot denotes the FINAL position; thehorizontal line denotes the END OF FIRST LAP position; the vertical line denotes the RANGEOF RACE POSITIONS held during the race

Rac

e P

ositi

on

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2

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24

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T

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B

HA

M

BU

T

ALO

MA

S

SC

H

RO

S

SE

N

PE

T

BA

R

MA

L

SU

T

RE

S

KO

B

PE

R

BU

E

ALG

KO

V

TR

U

RIC

LIU

GLO

AM

B

Figure 1: Race Summary Chart

Things to look for Who makes or loses places from the start (do the GRID and END OF FIRSTLAP positions differ)? Do have drivers have a particularly good race, as denoted by a large gainin places comparing GRID and FINAL positions? Drivers who were placed in a wide variety ofpositions may have had an eventful race.Feedback The Race Summary Chart is an experimental chart type; feedback/comments welcome:[email protected]

2

Page 3: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Race Position

Pos

ition

Den

sity

, by

Car

0 5 10 15 20 25

VET

WEB

HAM

BUT

ALO

MAS

SCH

ROS

SEN

PET

BAR

MAL

SUT

RES

KOB

PER

BUE

ALG

KOV

TRU

RIC

LIU

GLO

AMB

Figure 2: Position Density Chart

1.2 Position Density Chart

The Position Density Chart attempts to capture the amount of time each driver held each raceposition. It is inspired by the commonly reported cross-season statistic, ’number of laps in lead’.Things to look for Was the race a procession, (cars holding the same positions for much of therace), or does there appear to have been some position changes (e.g. with cars taking differentrace positions for a significant amount of the race)? Note that if a car was in first position for halfthe race, and second place for half the race, we would not be able to distinguish this from a casewhere first and second changed places each lap!To do Explore the possibility of a complementary chart that captures the number of positionchanges for each car over the course of the race.Feedback The Position Density Chart is an experimental chart type; feedback/comments wel-come: [email protected]

3

Page 4: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

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lapT

ime

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Figure 3: Laptimes by lap)

lap

fuel

Cor

rect

edLa

ptim

e

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Figure 4: Fuel corrected laptimes)

Rec

orde

d la

ptim

es (

s)

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110

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130

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150

160

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EN

PE

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AR

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LS

UT

RE

SK

OB

PE

RB

UE

ALG

KO

VT

RU

RIC

LIU

GLO

AM

B

Figure 5: Laptime distribution

Fue

l cor

rect

ed la

ptim

es (

s)

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110

120

130

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150

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LS

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RE

SK

OB

PE

RB

UE

ALG

KO

VT

RU

RIC

LIU

GLO

AM

BFigure 6: Fuel corrected laptime distribution

1.3 Laptime Distributions

The laptime distributions summarise the overall distributions of recorded and fuel corrected laptimes for each driver. This is not necessarily very informative, (the stint analysis laptime distri-butions provided for each team may be more useful).

The scatterplot clearly identifies safety car laps, in which all the cars will tend to post a slowtime.

4

Page 5: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Fue

l cor

rect

ed la

ptim

es (

s) [s

low

laps

om

itted

]

100

102

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108

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T

WE

B

HA

M

BU

T

ALO

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SC

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RO

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PE

T

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MA

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SU

T

RE

S

KO

B

PE

R

BU

E

ALG

KO

V

TR

U

RIC

LIU

GLO

AM

B

Figure 7: Fuel Corrected Laptime Distribution (Slow laps omitted)

Time (s)

Spe

ed (

km/h

)

275

280

285

290

GLO

AMB

KOV

TRU

RIC

LIU

VETHAM

WEBALO BUT

SCH

MAS

SENROS

BAR

PET

MAL

RES

SUT

PER

KOB

ALG

BUE

35.5 36.0 36.5

Figure 8: Sector 1/Inter1 Comparison

Time (s)

Spe

ed (

km/h

)

175

180

185

190

GLOAM

B

KOV

TRURIC

LIU

VET

HAMWEB

ALO

BUT

SCH

MAS

SEN

ROS

BAR

PET

MAL

RES

SUTPERKOB

ALG

BUE

43.5 44.0 44.5 45.0 45.5 46.0 46.5

Figure 9: Sector 2/Inter2 Comparison

1.4 (Sector) Times and Speeds

How do the drivers compare in terms of speed and laptime/sector time?Things to look for Do the fastest cars in each sector also record the smallest times? How dodrivers in each team compare?

5

Page 6: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Time (s)

Spe

ed (

km/h

)

275

280

285

290

GLOAM

B

KOV

TRU

RIC

LIU

VET

HAM

WEB

ALO

BUT

SCH

MAS

SEN

ROS BAR

PET

MAL

RES

SUT

PER

KOB

ALG

BUE

21.0 21.5 22.0 22.5

Figure 10: Sector 3/Finish Comparison

Time (s)

Spe

ed (

km/h

)

305

310

315

320

GLO

AMB

KOV TRU

RIC

LIU

VET HAM

WEB

ALOBUT SCH

MAS

SENROS

BAR

PET

MAL

RES

SUT

PER

KOB

ALGBUE

100 101 102 103 104 105 106

Figure 11: Fastest Lap/Trap Comparison

1.5 Pit Event Summary

The pit event summary chart summarises pit events, which includes drive through penalties andstop-and-go penalties as well as actual pit stops.To do find some way of marking pit stops vs DT etc. Colour stint by tyre (prime/option, new/old)Things to look for Does the timing and number of pit stops suggest different pit stop strategieswere in place?Notes I have to admit, I don’t find this chart very informative, though it is an improvement onthe previous stint analysis chart. Is there a better way of presenting the information that allowsus to more easily compare stint lengths? A table, perhaps? Maybe colouring by tyre would makethis chart more useful, perhaps using an underlaid cross to highlight PIT laps on occasions wheredrivers move onto the same set of tyres they were using in the previous stint?

6

Page 7: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Lap

Driv

er

VET

WEB

HAM

BUT

ALO

MAS

SCH

ROS

SEN

PET

BAR

MAL

SUT

RES

KOB

PER

BUE

ALG

KOV

TRU

RIC

LIU

GLO

AMB

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10 20 30 40 50

Figure 12: Pit Event Summary; colours denote stint number. (Note that drive-through/DT andstop-and-go penalties result in an increase in the stint count.)

1.6 Position Change Chart

The position change chart represents the race position change for each car on each lap comparedto the previous lap. The size of the symbol depicts the absolute change in the number of positionsand the colour depicts the ‘direction’ of the change (i.e. whether position(s) were gained (greenyblue), or lost (reddy orange)).

The position change chart is intended to capture a macroscopic view of the race in terms ofwhen there is a lot of position change activity going on. It might make sense to overlay this chartwith some sort of representation of pit events, or would this unnecessarily clutter the image?

(I’m getting infected by the grammar of graphics way of thinking about things... might it makesense to come up with a grammar of graphics for descrbing F1 timing charts?!)

1.7 Stint Maps

The stint maps summarise the race from the point of view of stint from the lap and car perspectives.The aim of these graphics to help identify different phases of the race in a clear and unambigousway. The stint map by lap probably demonstrates this most clearly.

A similar style of chart may be appropriate for relating tyre choice across the race?To do Would it be worth exploring a combined position change/lap event chart, maybe using

different symbols/layers, that attempts to summarise both the pit stop events and the position

7

Page 8: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Lap

Num

ber

of s

tops

0

2

4

6

8

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

● ● ● ●

● ●

● ●

● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ●

10 20 30 40 50

Figure 13: Pit Event Summary (count by lap). This chart summarises the number of pit eventsper lap. This view might help identify particular phases of the race (for example, including theonset of wet weather, perhaps?) (Note that drive-through/DT and stop-and-go penalities result inan increase in the stint count.)

changes by lap for each driver within the same chart?

8

Page 9: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

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car

5

10

15

20

25

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10 20 30 40 50

Position Change

● Loss

● Gain

Places● 0

● 1

● 2

● 3

● 4

● 5

● 6

● 7

Figure 14: Position Change Chart

1.8 Battle Plots for Position

The battle plots for position show activity around the specified race position, depicting the carin the corresponding position on each lap and the time to the cars in the positions immediatelyahead and immediately behind.

The colour of the car along the x-axis identifies the team, and the symbol shows whether itis driver 1 (circle) or driver 2 (triangle) in the team. When the “position car” symbol is off thex-axis, it identifies the number of positions that that car gained (above the line) or lost (belowthe line) since the last lap in order to enter the specified race position.

The grey + symbols above the line identify the time to the car in race position immediatelyahead, and the grey x symbols below the line identify the time to the car in race immediatelybehind the car in the race position of interest.

9

Page 10: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Lap

Num

ber

of c

ars

in s

tint

0

5

10

15

20

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455

factor(stint)

1

2

3

4

Figure 15: Laps broken down to show number of cars per stint

Things to look for If the car in the race position ahead is close (the + marks above the axis areclose to the axis), the car in the current position may be battling for the position ahead. If thecar in the race position behind is close (the x marks below the line are close to the axis), the carin the current position may be fighting to keep the position. If car-in-front or car-behind marksare going away from the axis as we move left to right (increasing lap count), that means the carin the current position is either falling behind the car ahead, or pulling away from the car behind.

10

Page 11: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Num

ber

of L

aps

in s

tint

0

10

20

30

40

50

VE

TW

EB

HA

MB

UT

ALO

MA

SS

CH

RO

SS

EN

PE

TB

AR

MA

LS

UT

RE

SK

OB

PE

RB

UE

ALG

KO

VT

RU

RIC

LIU

GLO

AM

B

factor(stint)

1

2

3

4

Figure 16: Number of laps in each stint per car)

2 Team Summaries

The team summary pages summarise team based statistics, allowing comparisons to be drawndiretly between team members.

The team summaries include the following chart types:

• Fuel corrected aptime distribution by stint The fuel corrected laptime distribution bystint chart is a graphical statistical summary of fuel corrected lap times by stint for eachdriver.

• Race position chart Inspired by the popular chart that depicts race position for the wholefield, the race position charts show the positions, by lap, for each car in the team. PITevents are also highlighted.

• Battle plot The battle plot is an experimental chart, inspired in part by traditional racehistory charts, that attempts to show the extent to which a particular driver was in battleswith the cars in the race positions immediately in front of, and immedialtely behind, the carin question. Position changes (number of positions gained/lost) since the prvious lap are alsodepicted, as well as PIT events. A race position overlay provides additional context, thoughwe could also claim that the battle plot provides context for race position chart. (Battleplots may also be used to show when there is at least one car out of race position between thecar of interest and the cars in the race positions immediately ahead and behind.) Maybe this

11

Page 12: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

0 10 20 30 40 50

−20

−10

010

20

Lap

Tim

e di

ffere

nce

(s)

Figure 17: Battle plot for 1st

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

−20

−10

010

20

Lap

Tim

e di

ffere

nce

(s)

Figure 18: Battle plot for 2nd

0 10 20 30 40 50

−20

−10

010

20

Lap

Tim

e di

ffere

nce

(s)

Figure 19: Battle plot for 3rd

12

Page 13: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

0 10 20 30 40 50

−20

−10

010

20

Lap

Tim

e di

ffere

nce

(s)

Figure 20: Battle plot for 4th

●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

−20

−10

010

20

Lap

Tim

e di

ffere

nce

(s)

Figure 21: Battle plot for 5th

chart (and/or the race position chart should also mark the number of lead laps completedat the end of the race, so we can see how many laps behind the lead car (if any) each driverwas?)

13

Page 14: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Race Stint:Driver

Fue

l Cor

rect

ed L

aptim

e (s

)

100

102

104

106

108

●●

1:VET 2:VET 3:VET 1:WEB 2:WEB 3:WEB

Figure 22: RBR: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

Driv

er

123456789

101112131415161718192021222324

● ●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 23: Position Chart: VET, WEB

lap

Tim

e D

elta

(s)

−20

−10

0

10

20

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 24: Battle Plot, VET

lap

Tim

e D

elta

(s)

−20

−10

0

10

20

●●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 25: Battle Plot, WEB

2.1 Red Bull Racing (RBR)

The Red Bull Racing drivers are Sebastian Vettel (VET, 1) and Mark Webber (WEB, 2).

14

Page 15: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Race Stint:Driver

Fue

l Cor

rect

ed L

aptim

e (s

)

100

102

104

106

108

●●

1:HAM 2:HAM 3:HAM 1:BUT 2:BUT 3:BUT

Figure 26: MCL: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

Driv

er

123456789

101112131415161718192021222324

● ●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 27: Position Chart: HAM, BUT

lap

Tim

e D

elta

(s)

−20

−10

0

10

20

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 28: Battle Plot, HAM

lap

Tim

e D

elta

(s)

−20

−10

0

10

20

●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●

●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 29: Battle Plot, BUT

2.2 McLaren (MCL)

The McLaren drivers are Lewis Hamilton (HAM, 3) and Jenson Button (BUT, 4).

15

Page 16: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Race Stint:Driver

Fue

l Cor

rect

ed L

aptim

e (s

)

100

102

104

106

108

1:ALO 2:ALO 3:ALO 1:MAS 2:MAS 3:MAS

Figure 30: FER: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

Driv

er

123456789

101112131415161718192021222324

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 31: Position Chart: ALO, MAS

lap

Tim

e D

elta

(s)

−20

−10

0

10

20

●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●

●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 32: Battle Plot, ALO

lap

Tim

e D

elta

(s)

−20

−10

0

10

20

●●●●●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●

●●●●●●

●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 33: Battle Plot, MAS

2.3 Ferrari (FER)

The Ferrari drivers are Fernando Alonso (ALO, 5) and Felipe Massa (MAS, 6).

16

Page 17: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

Race Stint:Driver

Fue

l Cor

rect

ed L

aptim

e (s

)

100

102

104

106

108

1:SCH 2:SCH 3:SCH 1:ROS 2:ROS 3:ROS

Figure 34: MER: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

Driv

er

123456789

101112131415161718192021222324

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 35: Position Chart: SCH, ROS

lap

Tim

e D

elta

(s)

−20

−10

0

10

20

●●●

●●●●●●●●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 36: Battle Plot, SCH

lap

Tim

e D

elta

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Figure 37: Battle Plot, ROS

2.4 Mercedes (MER)

The Mercedes drivers are Michael Schumacher (SCH, 7) and Nico Rosberg (ROS, 8).

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Race Stint:Driver

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)

100

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108

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1:SEN 2:SEN 3:SEN 1:PET 2:PET 3:PET

Figure 38: REN: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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Figure 39: Position Chart: SEN, PET

lap

Tim

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Figure 40: Battle Plot, SEN

lap

Tim

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Figure 41: Battle Plot, PET

2.5 Renault (REN)

The Renault drivers are Bruno Senna (SEN, 9) and Vitaly Petrov (PET, 10).

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Page 19: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

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)

100

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106

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1:BAR 2:BAR 3:BAR 4:BAR 1:MAL 2:MAL 3:MAL 4:MAL

Figure 42: WIL: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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Figure 43: Position Chart: BAR, MAL

lap

Tim

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Figure 44: Battle Plot, BAR

lap

Tim

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Figure 45: Battle Plot, MAL

2.6 Williams (WIL)

The Williams drivers are Rubens Barrichello (BAR, 11) and Pastor Maldonado (MAL, 12).

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100

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Figure 46: FOR: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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Figure 47: Position Chart: SUT, RES

lap

Tim

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Figure 48: Battle Plot, SUT

lap

Tim

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Figure 49: Battle Plot, RES

2.7 Force India (FOR)

The Force India drivers are Adrian Sutil (SUT, 14) and Paul di Resta (RES, 15).

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Page 21: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

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)

100

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1:KOB 2:KOB 3:KOB 4:KOB 1:PER 2:PER 3:PER 4:PER

Figure 50: SAU: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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● ●

0 10 20 30 40 50

Figure 51: Position Chart: KOB, PER

lap

Tim

e D

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Figure 52: Battle Plot, KOB

lap

Tim

e D

elta

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Figure 53: Battle Plot, PER

2.8 Sauber (SAU)

The Sauber drivers are Kamui Kobayashi (KOB, 16) and Sergio Perez (PER, 17).

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)

100

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108 ●

1:BUE 2:BUE 3:BUE 1:ALG 2:ALG 3:ALG

Figure 54: TOR: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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Figure 55: Position Chart: BUE, ALG

lap

Tim

e D

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Figure 56: Battle Plot, BUE

lap

Tim

e D

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Figure 57: Battle Plot, ALG

2.9 Toro Rosso (TOR)

The Toro Rosso drivers are Sebastien Buemi (BUE, 18) and Jaime Alguersuari (ALG), 19.

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)

100

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Figure 58: LOT: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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Figure 59: Position Chart: KOV, TRU

lap

Tim

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Figure 60: Battle Plot, KOV

lap

Tim

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Figure 61: Battle Plot, TRU

2.10 Team Lotus (LOT)

The Team Lotus drivers are Heikki Kovalainen (KOV, 20) and Jarno Trulli (TRU, 21).

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1:RIC 2:RIC 3:RIC 4:RIC 1:LIU 2:LIU 3:LIU 4:LIU

Figure 62: HRT: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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Figure 63: Position Chart: RIC, LIU

lap

Tim

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Figure 64: Battle Plot, RIC

lap

Tim

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Figure 65: Battle Plot, LIU

2.11 HRT (HRT)

The HRT drivers are Daniel Ricciardo (RIC, 22) and Vitantonio Liuzzi (LIU, 23).

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Figure 66: VIR: Fuel corrected laptimes/stint

Lap

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Figure 67: Position Chart: GLO, AMB

lap

Tim

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Figure 68: Battle Plot, GLO

lap

Tim

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Figure 69: Battle Plot, AMB

2.12 Marussia Virgin (VIR)

The Marussion Virgin drivers are Timo Glock (GLO, 24) and J’erome d’Ambrosio (AMB, 25).

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Page 26: F1 2011 Korea Race Report

3 Feedback

This report format is something of an experiment, providing a “safe”, yet authentic, context forme to explore data handling and visualisation design in conceptual terms, as well as giving somereal data to work with as I try to get my head round the R statistical programming language.It’s also providing something of a testbed for me to get back to grips with automated reportgeneration/workflows.

Given the audience demographics of Formula One, I’m also mindful that folk reading this maybe interested in how similar techniques, whether relating to data publicaation, data visualisation orautomated document creation, may be relevant to their own work related - or personal - projects...which is why I’m trying to be as open as I can about how this document was created, and everythingthat has gone in to making it. I don’t think there’s quite enough here for an Open Universityshortcourse (that’s the day job!), but you never know...!

All comments appreciated, particularly on:

• chart types: there are several experimental chart types, as well as my take on more traditionalmotor sport style chart. Feedback and suggestions welcome on the usefulness/clarity of thesecharts, things to look for in the charts, suggested improvements to the visual design of thecharts.

• scripts: the latest version of the “source code” for this document is available from:https://github.com/psychemedia/f1DataJunkie/blob/master/raceReports/korea2011f1Race.Rnw

Please send feedback to: [email protected], or visit f1datajunkie.blogspot.comAt the moment, I’m using a single, monolithic script to generate the report. Ideally, this needs

splitting into several components that are then drawn together automagically. (If you can providehints/examples/advice on how to do this, maybe even using this document as an example, it’dsave me a load of time.;-) The R functions used to generate charts are collected at the top of thedocument - all comments on how to improve them in terms of “best practice” much appreciated.I generate the PDF from the source Sweave document within RStudio (rstudio.org using theMacTeX LateX processor).

Please feel free to fork the “source code” of this documents and make your own changes toit, for example, by using the report as a shell for your own comments/analysis of the race. (I’mstill a git/github novice, so I don’t at the moment know how to pull any changes back into myrepository!)

A copy of the current version of this document can be found at:https://github.com/psychemedia/f1DataJunkie/blob/master/raceReports/korea2011f1Race.pdf

PS If any motor racing industry folk want to know more, please do get in touch...:-)

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