ezrachi 4th edn - beck-shop.de€¦ · x contents c-97/08p akzo nobel and others v commission 25...

Contents

Contents

The Nature of this Book v

Outline Contents vii

Table of Cases xxxv

1. Th e Concept of Undertaking 1

a. Th e Functional Approach

IV/33.384 etc FIFA – distribution of package tours during the 1990 World Cup 3

b. Th e Relativity of the ConceptC-41/90 Höfner and Elser v Macrotron GmbH 4C-364/92 SAT Fluggesellschaft v Eurocontrol 5C-159/91 etc Poucet v Assurances Générales de France 6C-343/95 Cali & Figli v Servizi ecologici porto di Genova SpA 7T-319/99 FENIN v Commission 8C-205/03P FENIN v Commission 9C-309/99 Wouters 11C-264/01 etc AOK-Bundesverband 12C–67/96 Albany v Stichting Bedriifspensioenfonds Textielindustrie 14C–113/07P SELEX Sistemi Integrati SpA v Commission 15C-138/11 Compass-Datenbank GmbH v Republic Österreich 18

Including the following summary references:C-244/94 Fédération Française des Sociétés d’Assurance 6, 12C-475/99 Ambulanz Glöckner v Landkreis Sudwestpfl az 7, 10C-157/99 Smits and Peerbooms 91006/2/1/01 BetterCare v Th e Director General of Fair Trading 10C-218/00 Cisal di Battistello Venanzio & Co Sas 13C-22/98 Jean Claude Becu 14

c. Single Economic Entity107/82 AEG-Telefunken v Commission 19C-73/95P Viho Europe BV v Commission 20IV/32.732 IJsselcentrale and others 21C-189/02P etc Dansk Rørindustri A/S and others v Commission 222002/470 Provimi Ltd v Aventis Animal Nutrition SA and others 231072/1/1/06 Sepia Logistics Ltd and another v Offi ce of Fair Trading 24

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C-97/08P Akzo Nobel and others v Commission 25C-628/10P Alliance One International and Others v Commission 26C-172/12P EI du Pont de Nemours v Commission 27T-234/07 Koninklijke Grolsch v Commission 29T-185/06 L’Air Liquid and others v Commission 29HC09C04733 Toshiba Carrier UK Ltd v KME Yorkshire Ltd 30

Including the following summary references:C-286/98P Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags v Commission 19, 22A3/2009/2487 Cooper Tire and Rubber Company v Shell Chemicals UK 23, 30170/83 Hydrotherm v Compact 20T-68/89 etc SIV and others v Commission 20C-201/09P etc ArcelorMittal Luxembourg SA v Commission 2022/71 Beguelin Import Co v SAGL Import Export 20T-301/04 Clearstream v Commission 22T-314/01 Avebe v Commission 222002 WL 31413939 Suretrack Rail Services Limited v Infraco JNP Limited 24T-168/05 Arkema SA v Commission 25T-24/05 Alliance One International and Others v Commission 26T-76/08 EI du Pont de Nemours v Commission 27

2. Market Defi nition 31

a. Product and Geographic Markets27/76 United Brands v Commission 34

85/76 Hoff mann-La Roche & Co v Commission 366/72 Europemballage Corp & Continental Can v Commission 37322/81 Nederlandsche Banden Industrie Michelin v Commission 38T-219/99 British Airways v Commission 40T-340/03 France Télécom SA v Commission 421005/1/1/01 Aberdeen Journals v Director General of Fair Trading 441016/1/1/03 Genzyme Limited v Offi ce of Fair Trading 44

Including the following summary reference:07-5276 FTC v Whole Foods Market 43

b. One-way SubstitutionCOMP/M.2420 Mitsui/CVRD/Caemi 45COMP/M.3178 Bertelsmann/Springer/JV 45

c. Markets for Spare Parts/Aft ermarkets22/78 Hugin v Commission 46T-30/89 Hilti AG v Commission 47T-427/08 CEAHR v Commission 48

CONTENTS xi

d. Narrow Markets22/78 Hugin v Commission 46T-30/89 Hilti AG v Commission 47

Including the following summary references:C-333/94 Tetra Pak International SA v Commission 47T-83/91 Tetra Pak International SA v Commission 47

e. Switching CostsCOMP/35.587 etc PO Video Games (Nintendo) 50

f. Markets for Raw Materials6/73 Commercial Solvents v Commission 51

g. Judicial reviewT-301/04 Clearstream v Commission 52

3. Article 101 TFEU 53

a. Agreement between Undertakings107/82 AEG–Telefunken v Commission 6125/84 etc Ford Werke AG, Ford Europe Inc v Commission 62T-41/96 Bayer v Commission 63T-208/01 Volkswagen AG v Commission 65C-74/04 Volkswagen AG v Commission 66

Including the following summary references:C-277/87 Sandoz Prodotti Farmaceutici SpA v Commission 61, 6441/69 ACF Chemiefarma NV v Commission 62C-279/87 Tipp-Ex v Commission 64C-338/00P Volkswagen v Commission 65

b. Concerted Practice48/69 Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) v Commission (Dyestuff s) 6740/73 etc Suiker Unie and others v Commission 6889/85 etc A Ahlström Osakeyhtiö and others v Commission (Wood Pulp II) 70C-199/92P Hüls AG v Commission 71C-204/00 etc Aalborg Portland A/S and others v Commission 73T-442/08 CISAC v Commission 74

Including the following summary references:IV/37.614/F3 PO/Interbrew and Alken-Maes 72T-25/95 etc Cimenteries CBR SA v Commission 72T-186/06 Solvay SA v Commission 69

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c. Joint Classifi cation and Single Overall AgreementC-204/00 etc Aalborg Portland A/S and others v Commission 73T-305/94 etc Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV and others v Commission 76, 77T-101/05 etc BASF AG and UCB SA v Commission 78C-441/11P Commission v Verhuizingen Coppens NV 80T-99/04 AC-Treuhand AG v Commission 81

Including the following summary references:C-49/92P Commission v Anic Partecipazioni SpA 76IV/37.614/F3 PO/Interbrew and Alken-Maes 76

d. Decision by an AssociationT-325/01 Daimler Chrysler AG v Commission 8396/82 IAZ International Belgium NV v Commission 84

Including the following summary references:209/78 etc Van Landewyck and others v Commission 838/72 Cementhandelaren v Commission 8445/85 Verband der Sachversicherer v Commission 84

e. Object or Eff ect56/65 Société Technique Minière v Maschinenbau Ulm GmbH 8556/64 etc Consten SaRL & Grundig v Commission 8623/67 SA Brasserie de Haecht v Consorts Wilkin-Janssen 89T-374/94 etc European Night Services Ltd v Commission 90C-234/89 Stergios Delimitis v Henninger Bräu AG 91C-209/07 Competition Authority v Beef Industry Development Society 93C-8/08 T-Mobile Netherlands and Others 94C-501/06P etc GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission 96T-328/03 O2 (Germany) GmbH & Co OHG v Commission 98C-32/11 Allianz Hungária Biztosító Zrt and others 100C-68/12 Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky v Slovenská sporiteľňa as 102T-491/07 Groupement des Cartes Bancaires (CB) v Commission 103

Including the following summary references:C-403/08 FA Premier League and others v QC Leisure and others 87C-551/03P General Motors v Commission 87T-17/93 Matra Hachette SA v Commission 97

f. Scope of Analysis under Article 101(1) TFEU and the ‘Rule of Reason’T-328/03 O2 (Germany) GmbH & Co OHG v Commission 98T-112/99 Métropole Télévision (M6) v Commission 104C-209/07 Competition Authority v Beef Industry Development Society 106C-519/04P Meca-Medina and Majcen v Commission 107

CONTENTS xiii

Including the following summary references:T-17/93 Matra Hachette SA v Commission 105C-309/99 Wouters 107

g. Ancillary Restraints42/84 Remia BV v Commission 108 C-250/92 Gøttrup-Klim v Dansk Landbrugs Grovvareselskab AmbA 109T-112/99 Métropole Télévision (M6) v Commission 111C-309/99 Wouters 113

h. Appreciable Eff ect (de minimis)5/69 Franz Völk v SPRL Est J Vervaecke 115T-7/93 Langnese-Iglo GmbH v Commission 115T-374/94 etc European Night Services Ltd and others v Commission 115C-226/11 Expedia Inc v Autorité de la concurrence and Others 116

i. Appreciable Eff ect on Trade between Member States56/65 Société Technique Minière v Maschinenbau Ulm GmbH 11756/64 etc Consten & Grundig v Commission 1178/72 Vereeniging van Cementhandelaren v Commission 11723/67 SA Brasserie de Haecht v Consorts Wilkin-Janssen 118107/82 AEG–Telefunken v Commission 118T-199/08 Ziegler SA v Commission 119

Including the following summary reference:

174/84 Bulk Oil v Sun International Limited 119

j. Article 101(2) TFEU56/64 etc Consten & Grundig v Commission 120

Including the following summary references:56/65 Société Technique Minière v Maschinenbau Ulm GmbH 120T-9/99 HFB Holding and others v Commission 120English CA David John Passmore v Morland and others 120

k. Article 101(3) TFEU56/64 etc Consten & Grundig v Commission 12126/76 Metro SB-Großmarkte GmbH & Co KG v Commission 122C-360/92P Publishers Association v Commission 123IV.F.1/36.718 CECED 124T-168/01 GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission 125, 131COMP/29.373 Visa International – Multilateral Interchange Fee 127T-111/08 MasterCard v European Commission 129T-168/01 GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission 131

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Including the following summary references:T-528/93 etc Métropole télévision SA and others v Commission 122, 132

T-17/93 Matra Hachette SA v Commission 121, 122, 124

T-131/99 Michael Hamilton Shaw and others v Commission 123

C-501/06P etc GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission 126

T-86/95 Compagnie Générale Maritime 130

IV/36.748 Reims II 128

26/76 Metro SB-Großmarkte GmbH & Co KG v Commission 132

4. Horizontal and Vertical Agreements 133

a. Cartel AgreementsT-202/98 etc Tate & Lyle plc and others v Commission 142T-28/99 Sigma Tecnologie di Rivestimento Srl v Commission 143T-99/04 AC-Treuhand AG v Commission 145

Including the following summary references:C-204/00P etc Aalborg Portland A/S and others v Commission 143T-113/07 Toshiba Corp v Commission 14440/73 etc Suiker Unie and others v Commission 144C-199/92 Hüls AG v Commission 144T-305/94 etc Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV and others v Commission 144T-325/01 Daimler Chrysler AG v Commission 144T-303/02 Westfalen Gassen Nederland v Commission 144C-97/08P Akzo Nobel and others v Commission 144T-99/04 AC-Treuhand AG v Commission 144

b. Price Fixing2005/1071 etc Argos, Littlewoods and others v Offi ce of Fair Trading 1468/72 Vereeniging Van Cementhandelaren v Commission 148246/86 BELASCO SC v Commission (Roofi ng Felt) 148

Including the following summary references:IV/25.757 Camera Care v Victor Hasselblad AB 147COMP/29.373 Visa International – Multilateral Interchange Fee 147

c. Purchase Price FixingCOMP/C.38.281/B2 Raw Tobacco Italy 149IV/27.958 National Sulphuric Acid Association 151

Including the following summary references:C-264/01 etc AOK Bundesverband v Ichthyol-Gesellschaft Cordes 149C-8/08 T-Mobile Netherlands and Others 149123/83 BNIC v Clair 149

CONTENTS xv

C-501/06P GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission 150C-209/07 Competition Authority v Beef Industry Development Society Ltd 150

d. Collusive Tendering1061/1/1/06 Makers UK Ltd v Offi ce of Fair Trading 1531114/1/1/09 Kier Group PLC and others v Offi ce of Fair Trading 154

Including the following summary references:2005/1071 etc Argos, Littlewoods and others v Offi ce of Fair Trading 153IV/26.918 European Sugar Industry 153IV/35.691.E-4 Pre-Insulated Pipe Cartel 1531032/1/1/04 Apex Asphalt and Paving Co Ltd v Offi ce of Fair Trading 154C-209/07 Competition Authority v Beef Industry Development Society Ltd 154

e. Market Sharing and Non-compete AgreementsIV/30.907 Peroxygen products 15541/69 ACF Chemie farma NV v Commission 156C-468/06 etc Sot Lélos kai Sia EE and Others v GlaxoSmithKline AEVE 156

Including the following summary references:COMP/37.978 Methylglucamine 155COMP/39.839 Telefónica and Portugal Telecom 155

f. Information Exchange ArrangementsT-34/92 Fiatagri v Commission (UK Agricultural Tractor Registration Exchange) 157T-35/92 John Deere Ltd v Commission 158C-89/85 Ahlström Osakeyhtiö and others v Commission (Wood Pulp II) 159C-8/08 T-Mobile Netherlands BV and others 160

Including the following summary references:T-141/94 Th yssen Stahl AG v Commission 158T-25/95 Cimenteries CBR and others v Commission 15848/69 Imperial Chemical Industries v Commission 159C-238/05 Asnef-Equifax v Ausbanc 160

g. Hub and Spoke Information Exchange

1188/1/1/11 Tesco v Offi ce of Fair Trading 161

Including the following summary references:

C-49/92P Commission v Anic Partecipazioni 161C-8/08 T-Mobile Netherlands BV 161

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h. Export Bans19/77 Miller International Schallplatten GmbH v Commission 16231/85 ETA Fabriques d’Ebauches v SA DK Investment and others 164

Including the following summary references:56/64 etc Consten & Grundig v Commission 162C-279/87 Tipp-Ex v Commission 162COMP/35.587 PO Video Games (Nintendo) 163C-468/06 etc Sot Lélos kai Sia EE and others v GlaxoSmithKline AEVE 163C-501/06P etc GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission 163C-306/96 Javico v Yves St Laurent 163

i. Exclusive Distribution Agreements03/2005 Sarl Kitch Moto v SA Suzuki France 165

Including the following summary references:56/64 etc Consten & Grundig v Commission 165

56/65 Société Technique Minière v Maschinenbau Ulm GmbH 165

j. Selective Distribution Agreements26/76 Metro SB-Großmärkte GmbH & Co KG v Commission 166C-439/09 Pierre Fabre v Président de l’Autorité de la concurrence 168

Including the following summary references:31/85 ETA Fabriques d’Ebauches v SA DK Investment and others 167243/85 SA Binon & Cie v SA Agence et Messageries de la Press 16775/84 Metro SB-GroßmärkteGmbH & Co KG v Commission 167T-88/92 Groupement d’achat Edouard Leclerc v Commission 167IV/33.542 Parfums Givenchy system of selective distribution 167

k. Online Sales RestrictionsC-439/09 Pierre Fabre v Président de l’Autorité de la concurrence 168COMP/37.975 PO/Yamaha 170

l. Single Branding AgreementsT-65/98 Van den Bergh Foods Ltd v Commission 171

Including the following summary references:T-7/93 Langnese-Iglo v Commission 171C-234/89 Stergios Delimitis v Henninger Bräu AG 172

m. Franchise Agreements161/84 Pronuptia de Paris GmbH v Pronuptia de Paris Irmgard Schillgallis 173

CONTENTS xvii

Including the following summary references:56/64 etc Consten & Grundig v Commission 174IV/31.697 Charles Jourdan 174IV/31.428 etc Yves Rocher 174

n. Resale Price Maintenance243/83 SA Binon & Cie v SA Agence et Messageries de la Press 175

Including the following summary references:161/84 Pronuptia de Paris GmbH v Pronuptia de Paris Irmgard Schillgallis 17626/76 Metro SB-Großmärkte GmbH & Co KG v Commission 176IV/30.658 Polistil/Arbois 17606-480 Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc v PSKS, Inc 176

o. Agency AgreementsT-325/01 DaimlerChrysler AG v Commission 177C-217/05 Confederación Española de Empresarios de Staciones de Servicio v

Compañía de Petróleos SA179

Including the following summary references:40/73 etc Suiker Unie and others v Commission 178C-266/93 Bundeskartellamt v Volkswagen AG and VAG Leasing GmbH 178

5. Article 102 TFEU 181

a. Dominance27/76 United Brands v Commission 19285/76 Hoff mann-La Roche & Co v Commission 194C-62/86 AKZO Chemie BV v Commission 19522/78 Hugin v Commission 196322/81 Nederlandsche Banden Industrie Michelin v Commission 197IV/33.384 Soda Ash-Solvay 198IV/30.787 Eurofi x-Bauco/Hilti 19977/77 BP and others v Commission 200T-125/97 Th e Coca-Cola Company v Commission 201

Including the following summary references:T-340/03 France Télécom v Commission 194COMP/34.780 Virgin/British Airways 19527/76 United Brands v Commission 195COMP/M.6281 Microsoft /Skype 195T-79/12 Cisco Systems Inc and Messagenet SpA v Commission 195C-68/94 France v Commission 195T-170/06 Alrosa Company Ltd v Commission 197IV/M.190 Nestlé/Perrier 198

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b. Dominant Position within the Internal Market or in a Substantial Part of it40/73 etc Suiker Unie and others v Commission 202IV/34.689 Sea Containers v Stena Sealink 203IV/35.703 Portuguese Airports 203

c. Abuse and the Goals of Article 102 TFEUC-52/09 Konkurrensverket v TeliaSonera Sverige AB 204C-468/06 etc Sot Lélos kai Sia EE and others v GlaxoSmithKline AEVE 204

d. Predatory PricingC-62/86 AKZO Chemie BV v Commission 205C-333/94P Tetra Pak International SA v Commission 207T-340/03 France Télécom SA v Commission 208C-202/07P France Télécom SA v Commission 211C-209/10 Post Danmark A/S v Konkurrencerådet 212

Including the following summary references:C-209/10 Post Danmark A/S v Konkurrencerådet 20607-D-09 GlaxoSmithKline France 207COMP/38.233 Wanadoo Interactive 208No 92-466 Brooke Group Ltd v Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp 210No 05-381 Weyerhaeuser Co v Ross-Simmons Hardwood Lumber Co Inc 210

e. Selective Price CutsC-395/96P etc Compagnie Maritime Belge Transports v Commission 214

Including the following summary references:IV/30.787 etc Eurofi x-Bauco v Hilti 214T-288/97 Irish Sugar v Commission 214

f. Price AlignmentIP/97/868 Digital Equipment Corporation 215T-228/97 Irish Sugar v Commission 279

Including the following summary references:27/76 United Brands v Commission 215T-228/97 Irish Sugar v Commission 215T-340/03 France Télécom SA v Commission 215

g. Price Discrimination27/76 United Brands v Commission 216 T-301/04 Clearstream Banking AG v Commission 218T-229/94 Deutsche Bahn AG v Commission 219C-82/01P Aéroports de Paris v Commission 219

CONTENTS xix

Including the following summary references:C-18/93 Corsica Ferries Italia Srl v Corpo dei Piloti del Porto di Genova 217C-95/04P British Airways v Commission 218C-209/10 Post Danmark A/S v Konkurrencerådet 218

h. Rebates85/76 Hoff mann-La Roche & Co v Commission 220322/81 Nederlandsche Banden Industrie Michelin v Commission 222T-203/01 Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin v Commission 224T-219/99 British Airways v Commission 227C-95/04P British Airways v Commission 229C-549/10P Tomra Systems and Others v Commission 231T-286/09 Intel Corporation v Commission 233T-66/01 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd v Commission 236

Including the following summary references:C-163/99 Portuguese Republic v Commission 221T-228/97 Irish Sugar plc v Commission 22327/76 United Brands v Commission 230C-18/93 Corsica Ferries Italia Srl v Corpo dei Piloti del Porto di Genova 230COMP/E-1/3B.113 Prokent/Tomra 231COMP/C-3/37.990 Intel Corporation 233T-155/06 Tomra Systems and others v Commission 236T-57/01 Solvay SA v Commission 236

i. Margin SqueezeC-280/08P Deutsche Telekom AG v Commission 2371016/1/1/03 Genzyme Limited v Offi ce of Fair Trading 240C-52/09 Konkurrensverket v TeliaSonera Sverige AB 241T-398/07 Kingdom of Spain v Commissiom 243

Including the following summary references:T-271/03 Deutsche Telekom AG v Commission 23702-682 Verizon Communications Inc v Law Offi ces of Curtis v Trinko LLP 23907-512 Pacifi c Bell Telephone Co v linkLine Communications, Inc 239, 242IV/30.178 Napier Brown/British Sugar 239CA98/20/2002 BSkyB 240

COMP/38.784 Wanadoo España v Telefónica 243T-5/97 Industrie des Poudres Sphériques v Commission 244

j. Excessive Pricing26/75 General Motors Continental v Commission 24527/76 United Brands v Commission 246COMP/C-1/36.915 Deutsche Post AG 247

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HC05C00510 British Horseracing Board v Victor Chandler International 248A3/2006/0126 At the Races v Th e British Horse Racing Limits and others 250

Including the following summary references:395/87 Ministère Public v Jean-Louis Tournier 246, 24730/87 Corinne Bodson v SA Pompes Funèbres des Régions Libérées 246, 247110/88 Lucazeau v SACEM 247COMP/A.36.568D3 Scandlines Sverige AB v Port of Helsingborg 251T-399/04 Scandlines Sverige AB v Commission 251

k. Refusal to Supply6/73 Commercial Solvents v Commission 25277/77 BP and others v Commission 253IV/32.279 BBI and others v Boosey & Hawkes plc 254IV/34.689 Sea Containers Ltd/Stena Sealink 255C-241/91P etc RTE & ITP v Commission (‘Magill’) 256C-7/97 Oscar Bronner GmbH Co KG v Mediaprint 257T-504/93 Tiercé Ladbroke SA v Commission 258C-418/01 IMS Health GmbH & Co OHG v NDC Health GmbH KG 259A3/2002/1380 etc Intel Corporation v Via Technologies Inc 261T-201/04 Microsoft Corp v Commission 262C-468/06 etc Sot Lélos kai Sia EE and others v GlaxoSmithKline AEVE 265T-301/04 Clearstream v Commission 268HC10C02364 Purple Parking Ltd & Anor v Heathrow Airport Ltd 270

Including the following summary references:311/84 Télémarketing 252IV/34.174 Sealink/B&I Holyhead 255No 02-682 Verizon Communications Inc v Trinko LLP 260T-201/04 Microsoft Corp v Commission 260C-241/91P etc RTE & ITP v Commission 260

l. Tying and BundlingC-333/94P Tetra Pak International SA v Commission 271T-201/04 Microsoft Corp v Commission 272COMP/C-3/39.530 Microsoft (Tying) 275

Including the following summary references:T-30/89 Hilti AG v Commission 271

m. Other forms of ExclusionC-385/07P Der Grüne Punkt – DSD v Commission 27624/67 Parke, Davis & Co v Probel 277T-111/96 ITT Promedia NV v Commission 278T-321/05 AstraZeneca AB v Commission 278

CONTENTS xxi

Including the following summary references:T-151/01 Duales System Deutschland v Commission 276T-51/89 Tetra Pak Rausing v Commission 277

n. Objective Justifi cation and Effi ciency DefenceT-228/97 Irish Sugar v Commission 279T-30/89 Hilti AG v Commission 281T-191/98 Atlantic Container Line AB and others v Commission 282T-340/03 France Télécom SA v Commission 282C-95/04P British Airways v Commission 282T-228/97 Irish Sugar plc v Commission 282COMP/37.990 Intel Corporation 282

Including the following summary references:T-83/91 Tetra Pak International SA v Commission 28027/76 United Brands v Commission 280T-201/04 Microsoft Corp v Commission 280193/83 Windsurfi ng International v Commission 281226/84 British Leyland v Commission 281IV/30.787 Eurofi x-Bauco v Hilti 281

o. Eff ect on Trade between Member StatesT-228/97 Irish Sugar v Commission 283322/81 Nederlandsche Banden Industrie Michelin v Commission 283C-241/91P etc RTE & ITP v Commission (‘Magill’) 283T-24/93 Compagnie Maritime Belge v Commission 283

p. Nullity and Severance2006/1338 English Welsh & Scottish Railway Limited v E.ON UK plc 284

6. Collective Dominance 286

a. Article 102 TFEUT-68/89 etc Società Italiana Vetro SpA and others v Commission 289C-395/96P etc Compagnie Maritime Belge Transports v Commission 291T-228/97 Irish Sugar v Commission 293T-193/02 Laurent Piau v Commission 294

Including the following summary references:C-393/92 Municipality of Amelo and others v NV Energiebedrijf Ijsselmij 290C-140/94 etc DIP SpA v Comune di Bassano del Grappa 290C-309/99 Wouters 292C-68/94 etc French Republic and others v Commission 292

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b. Th e European Merger RegulationC-68/94 etc French Republic and others v Commission 295T-102/96 Gencor Ltd v Commission 296T-324/99 Airtours plc v Commission 297C-413/06P Bertelsmann and Sony v Impala 299

Including the following summary reference:92-466 Brooke Group Ltd v Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation 298T-464/04 Impala v Commission 299

c. Conscious Parallelism vis-à-vis Concerted Practice

48/69 ICI v Commission (Dyestuff s) 303T-442/08 CISAC v Commission 30392-466 Brooke Group Ltd v Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation 30382-914 Monsanto Co v Spray-Rite Service Corp 303

7. Competition Law and the State 304

a. Article 4(3) Treaty on European Union (TEU)C-94/04 etc Federico Cipolla v Rosaria Fazari 307C-198/01 CIF v Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato 309

Including the following summary references:C-35/99 Arduino 307136/86 Aubert 308C-35/96 Commission v Italy 308C-250/03 Mauri 30813/77 INNO v ATAB 310C-2/91 Meng 310311/85 Vzw Vereniging van Vlaamse Reisbureaus v VZW Sociale Dienst 310

b. State Compulsion DefenceC-359/95P etc Commission and France v Ladbroke Racing 311C-198/01 CIF v Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato 312

Including the following summary references:T-387/94 Asia Motor France SA v Commission (III) 311C-280/08P Deutsche Telekom v Commission 311T-513/93 CNSD v Commission 311C-35/9 Commission v Italy 311

c. Article 106(1) TFEUC-41/90 Klaus Höfner and Fritz Elser v Macrotron GmbH 313C-260/89 ERT and others v DEP and others 315

CONTENTS xxiii

C-179/90 Merci v Siderurgica Gabrielle SpA 316C-18/88 RTT v GB-Inno-BM SA 317C-320/91 Criminal proceedings against Paul Corbeau 318C-323/93 Centre d’Insémination de la Crespelle 320T-169/08 Dimosia Epicheirisi Ilektrismou (DEI) v Commission 321C-266/96 Corsica Ferries France SA v porto di Genova 323C-67/96 Albany Int BVv Stichting Bedrijfspensioenfonds Textielindustrie 326C-147/97 etc Deutsche Post AG 327

Including the following summary references:188/80 etc France, Italy and the UK v Commission 314C-49/07 MOTOE v Elliniko Dimosio 320C-553/12P Commission v Dimosia Epicheirisi Ilektrismou AE (DEI) 322

d. Article 106(2) TFEUC-41/90 Klaus Höfner and Fritz Elser v Macrotron GmbH 313C-320/91 Criminal proceedings against Paul Corbeau 318C-266/96 Corsica Ferries France SA v Porto di Genova 323C-475/99 Firma Ambulanz Glöckner v Landkreis Sudwestpfalz 324C-67/96 Albany Int BV v Stichting Bedrijfspensioenfonds Textielindustrie 326C-147/97 etc Deutsche Post AG 327C-162/06 International Mail Spain SL v Administración del Estado and Correos 329

Including the following summary references:188/80 etc France, Italy and the UK v Commission 31466/86 Ahmed Saeed Flugreisen and others 325COMP/39562 Slovenská pošta 329

e. Article 106(3) TFEUC-202/88 French Republic v Commission 330

8. Competition Law and Intellectual Property Rights 331

a. Article 101 TFEU and Licensing of Intellectual Property Rights258/78 Nungesser v Commission (the Maize Seeds case) 334

IV/31.043 Tetra Pak I (BTG Licence) 336

27/87 Erauw-Jacquery v La Hesbignonne 337

262/81 Coditel v SA Cine Vog Films (Coditel II) 338

IV/171 etc Re the Agreement of Davide-Campari Milano SpA 340

IV/32.736 Moosehead/Whitbread 343

C-403/08 etc FA Premier League and others v QC Leisure and others 345

193/83 Windsurfi ng International Inc v Commission 346

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Including the following summary references:IV/4.204 Velcro/Aplix 335IV/31.734 Film Purchases by German Television Stations 339

b. Standard Setting Bodies, FRAND Licensing and Article 102 TFEUT-201/04 Microsoft Corp v Commission 349COMP/38.636 Rambus 350COMP/39.247 Texas Instruments/Qualcomm 351COMP/M.3998 Axalto/Gemplus 352

Including the following summary reference:COMP/C-3/37.792 Microsoft 349T-148/10 etc Hynix Semiconductor v Commission 350C-170/13 Huawei Technologies Co Ltd 351COMP/M.4214 Alcatel/Lucent Technologies 352

c. Intellectual Property Rights, Market Power and Article 102 TFEU24/67 Parke, Davis & Co v Probel 353T-51/89 Tetra Pak Rausing v Commission 353C-418/01 IMS Health GmbH & Co OHG v NDC Health GmbH & Co KG 354

Including the following summary references:C-241/91P etc RTE & ITP v Commission (Th e Magill case) 355C-7/97 Oscar Bronner GmbH Co KG v Mediaprint 355T-504/93 Tierce Ladbroke SA v Commission 355A3/2002/1380 Intel Corporation v Via Technologies Inc 356T-201/04 Microsoft Corp v Commission 356

d. Pharmaceutical SectorC-457/10P AstraZeneca v Commission 357CA98/02/2011 Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare (UK) 359COMP/39226 Lundbeck 360

Including the following summary references:T-321/05 AstraZeneca v Commission 357, 35912-416 Federal Trade Commission v Actavis Inc 360

9. Mergers and Acquisitions 361

a. ConcentrationsM.2208 Chevron/Texas 374IV/M.2824 Ernst & Young/Andersen Germany 375IV/M.0025 Arjomari-Prioux-SA/Wiggins Teape Appleton plc 376T-332/09 Electrabel v Commission 377

CONTENTS xxv

T-2/93 Air France v Commission 378COMP/JV.55 Hutchison/RCPM/ECT 379IV/M.023 ICI/Tioxide 380T-282/02 Cementbouw v Commission 381

Including the following summary references:IV/M.2510 Cendant/Galileo 374IV/M.1016 Price Waterhouse/Coopers & Lybrand 375IV/M.754 Anglo American Corporation/Lonrho 376IV/M.613 Jeff erson Smurfi t Group plc/Munksjo AB 376IV/M.159 Mediobanca/Generali 376COMP/M.2567 Nordbanken/Postgiro 376 C-202/06P Cementbouw v Commission 382

b. Community (Union) DimensionC-202/06P Cementbouw v Commission 383

T-417/05 Endesa v Commission 384

c. Mandatory notifi cation and suspensionIV/M.920 Samsung/AST 385IV/M.969 AP Møller 387COMP/M.2624 Deutsch BP/Erdölchemie 388

Including the following summary references:IV/M.1157 Skanska/Scancem 387IV/M.993 Bertelsmann/Kirch/Premiere 387IV/M.4994 Electrabel/CNR 387T-332/09 Electrabel v Commission 387

d. Referrals to and from Member StatesM.2698 Promatech/Sulzer 390M.2738 GE/Unison 390M.3136 GE/Agfa NDT 390T-119/02 Royal Philips Electronics NV v Commission 391IV/M.423 Newspaper Publishing 393

Including the following summary references:IV/M.567 Lyonnaise des Eaux SA/Northumbrian Water Group 393M.1346 EDF/London Electricity 393

e. InvestigationCOMP/M.1634 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 394T-145/06 Omya v Commission 395T-251/00 Lagardère SCA v Commission 397

xxvi CONTENTS

Including the following summary references:COMP/M.3216 Oracle/People Soft 396COMP/M.1397 Sanofi /Synthélabo 397

f. Horizontal MergersT-102/96 Gencor v Commission 398T-342/07 Ryanair Holdings plc v Commission 400T-282/06 Sun Chemical Group BV and others v Commission 401IV/M.53 Aerospatiale-Alenia/de Havilland 403COMP/M.2187 CVC/Lenzing 406M.3916 T-Mobile/tele.ring 408IV/M.1630 Air Liquide/BOC 410IV/M.833 Th e Coca-Cola Company/Carlsberg A/S 412COMP/M.6166 Deutsche Börse/NYSE Euronext 414T-79/12 Cisco Systems Inc and Messagenet SpA v Commission 415

Including the following summary references:COMP/M.1806 Astra Zeneca/Novartis 399IV/M.1846 Glaxo Wellcome/SmithKline Beecham 399COMP/M.5830 Olympic Air/Aegean Airlines 400IV/M.1383 Exxon/Mobil 402IV/M.986 Agfa Gevaert/DuPont 404T-22/97 Kesko v Commission 407T-114/02 Babyliss SA v Commission (SEB/Moulinex) 407M.6570 UPS/TNT 409M.877 Boeing/McDonnell Douglas 409IV/M.1439 Telia/Telenor 411IV/M.774 Saint-Gobain/Wacker-Chemie 413COMP/M.5046 Friesland Foods/Campina 413IV/M.1157 Skanska/Scancem 413IV/M.53 Aerospatiale-Alenia/de Havilland 413COMP/M.6281 Microsoft /Skype 415

g. Vertical MergersCOMP/M.4403 Th ales/Finmeccanica/Alcatel Alenia Space/Telespazio 417COMP/M.4389 WLR/BST 419COMP/M.1845 AOL/Time Warner 420COMP/M.4854 TomTom/Tele Atlas 422

Including the following summary references:COMP/M.4300 Philips/Intermagnetics 418COMP/M.1879 Boeing/Hughes 419

h. Conglomerate MergersT-79/12 Cisco Systems Inc and Messagenet SpA v Commission 415

CONTENTS xxvii

IV/M.938 Guinness/Grand Metropolitan 424COMP/M.3304 GE/Amersham 426C-12/03P Commission v Tetra Laval BV 428T-210/01 General Electric v Commission 431COMP/M.5984 Intel/McAfee 433

Including the following summary references:COMP/M.6281 Microsoft /Skype 415

COMP/M.2608 INA/FAG 425

i. Buyer Power

IV/M.1221 Rewe/Meinl 434


IV/M.784 Kesko/Tuko 435T-22/97 Kesko v Commission 435COMP/M.5046 Friesland Foods/Campina 435

j. Countervailing Buyer Power

IV/M.1225 Enso/Stora 436


T-282/06 Sun Chemical Group 437COMP/M.6458 Universal Music Group/EMI Music 437M.3732 Procter & Gamble/Gillette 437M.5658 Unilever/Sara Lee 438COMP/M.2220 General Electric/Honeywell 438COMP/M.5046 Friesland Foods/Campina 438

k. Effi cienciesCOMP/M.4854 TomTom/Tele Atlas 422COMP/M.4000 Inco/Falconbridge 439COMP/M.4057 Korsnäs/AssiDomän Cartonboard 441T-342/07 Ryanair Holdings plc v Commission 442M.6570 UPS/TNT 443

l. Failing Firm DefenceC-68/94 etc French Republic and others v Commission (Kali und Salz) 444IV/M.2314 BASF/Pantochim/Eurodiol 446IV/M.2876 Newscorp/Telepiù 447M.6796 Aegean/Olympic II 449

xxviii CONTENTS


M.6360 Nynas/Shell/Harburg Refi nery 449

m. RemediesIV/M.6570 UPS/TNT 443T-210/01 General Electric v Commission 450T-87/05 EDP v Commission 452T-177/04 easyJet v Commission 454T-102/96 Gencor v Commission 456C-12/03P Commission v Tetra Laval BV 457T-119/02 Royal Philips Electronics NV v Commission 460

Including the following summary references:T-282/02 Cementbouw v Commission 453COMP/M.5984 Intel/McAfee 458, 459COMP/M.5669 Cisco/Tandberg 459

n. TrusteeC-553/10P etc Commission v Éditions Odile Jacob SAS 461


T-452/04 Éditions Odile Jacob SAS v Commission 462

o. Full Function Joint VenturesIV/M.527 Th omson CSF/Deutsche Aerospace 462M.3003 Energia Italia/Interpower 464COMP/M.2903 DaimlerChrysler/Deutsche Telekom 465JV.15 BT/AT&T 466COMP/M.3099 Areva/Urenco/ETC JV 467

Including the following summary references:IV/M.560 EDS/Luft hansa 462M.551 ATR/BAe 463IV/M.556 Zeneca/Vanderhave 464

p. Judicial ReviewC-12/03 Tetra Laval BV v Commission 468T-282/06 Sun Chemical Group BV and others v Commission 468C-440/07P Commission v Schneider Electric SA 469

Including the following summary reference:T-212/03 MyTravel Group plc v Commission 470

CONTENTS xxix

q. Transactions falling short of concentration – minority shareholdings142/84 etc British American Tobacco Company Limited and RJ Reynolds Industries

Inc v Commission471

IV/33.440 Warner-Lambert/Gillette and Others 474

Including the following summary references:IV/34.857 BT/MCI 472T-411/07 Aer Lingus Group plc v Commission 4721219/4/8/13 Ryanair Holdings plc v Competition Commission 472COMP/M.6663 Ryanair/Aer Lingus III 472

10. Enforcement – Th e European Commission 475

a. Prioritisation of enforcementC-119/97P Ufex and others v Commission 484T-427/08 CEAHR v Commission 486

Including the following summary references:T-24/90 Automec Srl v Commission 485T-229/05 AEPI v Commission 485T-99/04 Treuhand AG v Commission 485T-432/10 Vivendi v Commission 487

b. Inspection Powers46/87 Hoechst AG v Commission 488C-94/00 Roquette Frères v Directeur Général de la Concurrence 490T-357/06 Koninklijke Wegenbouw Stevin BV v Commission 493T-135/09 Nexans France SAS and Nexans SA v Commission 494T-289/11 etc Deutsche Bahn and Others v Commission 496

Including the following summary references:COMP/38.432 Professional Videotape 492136/79 National Panasonic (UK) Ltd v Commission 49246/87 Hoechst AG v Commission 49297/87 to 99/87 Dow Chemical Ibérica and Others v Commission 495

c. Obstruction during inspection

COMP/B-1/39.326 E.ON Energie AG 497COMP/39.793 EPH and Others 498COMP/38.432 Professional Videotape 499COMP/F/38.456 Bitumen 500


COMP/39.796 Suez Environnement 497

xxx CONTENTS

T-141/08 E.ON Energie AG v Commission 497C-89/11 E.ON Energie AG v Commission 497T-272/12 Energetický a prumyslový and EP Investment Advisors v Commission 498COMP/F/38.456 Bitumen (Netherlands) 498T-357/06 Koninklijke Wegenbouw Stevin BV v Commission 498

d. Request for Information374/87 Orkem v Commission 501T-39/90 SEP v Commission 502

Including the following summary reference:IV/30.735 Deutsche Castrol 502

e. Statement of Objections and Access to FileC-51/92P Hercules Chemicals NV v Commission 503C-204/00 etc Aalborg Portland and others v Commission 504

Including the following summary references:142/84 etc BAT and Reynolds v Commission 503100/80 etc Musique Diff usion Française and others v Commission 503T-30/91 Solvay SA v Commission 505

f. Professional Secrecy53/85 AKZO Chemie BV and AKZO Chemie UK Ltd v Commission 506

Including the following summary references:85/76 Hoff mann-La Roche & Co AG v Commission 507C-36/92 SEP v Commission 507

g. Limited Right against Self-incrimination374/87 Orkem v Commission 508T-112/98 Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG v EC Commission 510

Including the following summary references:C-238/99 etc Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV and others v Commission 509T-34/93 Société Générale v Commission 509C-301/04P Commission v SGL Carbon 510

h. Professional Legal Privilege155/79 AM&S Europe Limited v Commission 511T-30/89 Hilti AG v Commission 513C-550/07P Akzo Nobel Chemicals Ltd v Commission 514

CONTENTS xxxi

Including the following summary references:IV/30.809 Re John Deere Tractors 513IV/35.733 Volkswagen AG and others 5131971/2393 Crompton v Customs and Excise Commissioners 515T-125/03 R etc Akzo Nobel Chemicals Ltd v Commission 515

i. Interim MeasuresT-44/90 La Cinq v Commission 516

Including the following summary references:T-41/96 R Bayer v Commission 517

j. Finding and Termination of Infringement - RemediesT-24/90 Automec Srl v Commission 518

Including the following summary reference:6/73 Istituto Chemioterapico Italiano SpA and others v Commission 519

k. CommitmentsCOMP/C-3/39.530 Microsoft (Tying) 275C-441/07P Alrosa Company Ltd v Commission 519COMP/C-2/38.173 FA Premier League 521COMP/A.39.116/B2 Coca-Cola 521COMP/39.388 German Electricity Wholesale Market 521

l. Fines100/80 etc Musique Diff usion Française SA v Commission 522C-189/02P etc Dansk Rørindustri A/S and others v Commission 522T-101/05 etc BASF AG v Commission 529C-681/11 Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde and Bundeskartellanwalt v Schenker 531

m. Recovery of fi ne from employees and directorsA3/2010/0675 etc Safeway Stores Ltd & Others v Twigger & Others 523

n. Limitation PeriodsCOMP/39406 Marine Hoses 524

Including the following summary references:T-279/02 Degussa v Commission 525COMP/F/38.121 Fittings 525COMP/IV/30.064 Cast iron and steel rolls 525T-147/09 Trelleborg Industrie v Commission 525

xxxii CONTENTS

o. Full and Eff ective Judicial Review42/84 Remia BV and others v Commission 526C-7/95P John Deere v Commission 526T-201/04 Microsoft Corp v Commission 526C-272/09P KME Germany AG v Commission 527

Including the following summary references:C-389/10P KME Germany AG v Commission 52843509/08 Aff aire a. Menarini Diagnostics srl c Italie 528

p. Leniency ProgrammeT-101/05 etc BASF AG v Commission 529C-681/11 Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde and Bundeskartellanwalt v Schenker 531

C-360/09 Pfl eiderer AG v Bundeskartellamt 532C-536/11 Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde v Donau Chemie AG 533T-437/08 CDC Hydrogene Peroxide v Commission 535


HC08C03243 National Grid v ABB and others 533C-365/12P Commission v En BW 533

q. Access to the Commission’s Internal Documents and EvidenceC-360/09 Pfl eiderer AG v Bundeskartellamt 532C-536/11 Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde v Donau Chemie AG 533C-506/08P Kingdom of Sweden v MyTravel and Commission 534T-437/08 CDC Hydrogene Peroxide v Commission 535C-404/10P Commission v Éditions Odile Jacob SAS 537


HC08C03243 National Grid v ABB and others 533C-365/12P Commission v En BW 533

r. Settlement Procedure in Cartel CasesCOMP/38.511 DRAMs 538

s. Th e Decision Powers of the National Competition Authority – Uniform ApplicationC-375/09 Prezes Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów v Tele2 Polska 539

11. Enforcement – Th e National Courts 540

a. Direct Eff ect of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU127/73 Belgische Radio en Televisie v SABAM 547

CONTENTS xxxiii

Including the following summary references:C-282/95P Guérin Automobiles v Commission 547C-453/99 Courage Ltd v Bernard Crehan 547C-234/89 Stergios Delimitis v Henninger Bräu AG 547

b. Actions for DamagesC-453/99 Courage Ltd v Bernard Crehan 548C-295/04 etc Vincenzo Manfredi v Lloyd Adriatico Assicurazioni 550C-242/95 GT-Link A/S v De Danske Statsbaner 551C-557/12 KONE AG and others v ÖBB-Infrastruktur AG 552

Including the following summary references:127/73 BRT v SABAM 549C-282/95P Guérin Automobiles v Commission 549HC05C00468 Devenish Nutrition Limited v Sanofi -Aventis SA (France) 550

c. Th e Measure of DamagesC-295/04 etc Vincenzo Manfredi v Lloyd Adriatico Assicurazioni 550A3/2008/0080 Devenish Nutrition Ltd v Sanofi -Aventis SA (France) and others 553CH 1998 C801 Bernard Crehan v Inntrepreneur Pub Company and another 555

Including the following summary references:C-192/95 Société Comateb v Directeur général des douanes et droits indirects 5541178/5/7/11 2 Travel Group PLC v Cardiff City Transport Services Limited 554C-271/91 M Helen Marshall v Southampton and others 555

d. Euro DefenceA3/2002/1380 etc Intel Corporation v Via Technologies Inc 556A3/2005/2316 Sportswear SpA v Stonestyle Ltd 557

Including the following summary reference:08/1996 Oakdale (Richmond) Ltd v National Westminster Bank Plc 557

e. Interim ReliefC-213/89 R v Secretary of State for Transport ex parte Factortame Ltd 558

Including the following summary reference:C-432/05 Unibet (London) Ltd v Justitiekanslern 558

f. Early Disposal of Competition ClaimsA3/2002/1380 etc Intel Corporation v Via Technologies Inc 556A3/2005/2316 Sportswear SpA v Stonestyle Ltd 55708/1996 Oakdale (Richmond) Ltd v National Westminster Bank Plc 557

xxxiv CONTENTS

g. Burden and Standard of Proof in Competition CasesC-204/00 etc Aalborg Portland and others v Commission 559

h. Standing and Passing on DefenceA3/2008/0080 Devenish Nutrition Ltd v Sanofi -Aventis SA (France) and Others 553

Including the following summary reference:C-192/95 Société Comateb and others v Directeur général des douanes 554

i. Uniform Application of Competition LawsC-344/98 Masterfoods Ltd v HB Ice Cream Ltd 5602005-06 Inntrepreneur Pub Company (CPC) and others v Crehan 562C-53/03 Syfait and others v GlaxoSmithKline 563

Including the following summary references:C-234/89 Stergios Delimitis v Henninger Bräu AG 561C-552/03 Unilever Bestfoods (Ireland) Ltd v Commission 561

j. Cooperation between National Courts and CommissionT-353/94 Postbank NV v Commission 564

Including the following summary references:C-234/89 Stergios Delimitis v Henninger Bräu AG 565C-2/88 JJ Zwartveld and others 564

k. Jurisdiction and Applicable LawHC06C03489 Sandisk Corporation v Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV 566C-386/05 Color Drack GmbH v Lexx International Vertriebs GmbH 568A3/2009/2487 etc Cooper Tire and Rubber Company v Shell Chemicals UK 570

12. Extraterritoriality 571

a. Th e Implementation Doctrine89/85 etc A Ahlström Osakeyhtiö v Commission (Wood Pulp) 574T-102/96 Gencor Ltd v Commission 576COMP/39.309 Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) Cartel 578

Including the following summary references:IV/M.877 Boeing/McDonnell Douglas 577COMP/M.2220 General Electric/Honeywell 577

b. Th e Single Economic Entity DoctrineC-48/69 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd v Commission 580

Index 581