exploring active shooter response and training - vrn · exploring active shooter response and...

Exploring Active Shooter Response and Training Webinar

February 17, 2016

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Exploring Active Shooter Response and Training

February 17, 2016

2:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m., ET

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VRN Co-Director

Kristie BrackensVRN Co-Director

BJA Senior Policy [email protected]


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Today’s Speakers

Mr. James GreenSupervisory Special Agent

Active Shooter UnitFederal Bureau of Investigation

Dr. Pete BlairExecutive Director

Advanced Law Enforcement Rapid Response Training (ALERRT) Center

Texas State University

ModeratorChief David Flory (Retired)

Hot Springs, AR, Police DepartmentVALOR Initiative

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ALERRTTraining and Research That Saves Lives


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media2

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ALERRT provides the best research-based active shooter training in the nation


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Active Shooter Event=

Attempted Mass Murder

Number Shot

0-4

5-9

10+

200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014

179


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0

10

20

30

Attacks by Year

16

18 per Year


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17

0

10

20

30

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 15 17 19 26 35 42 49 55 70

Nu

mb

er

of

Eve

nts

Number Shot

Shot per Event

18

4 Shot

2 Die


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19

Target Type

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Other

Outdoors

Warehouse

Office

Retail

School

20

54% Businesses


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21

20% Go Mobile

22

media5


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How do we save these people’s lives?

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The Shooters


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25

96% Male

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Avenger Mentality


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Most Powerful Weapon

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Unknown

Shotgun

Rifle

Pistol

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EquipmentMultiple WeaponsBody ArmorIED


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37%Multiple WeaponsBody ArmorIED

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Resolution


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Response Time

0

3

6

9

12

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Fre

qu

en

cy

Minutes

34

3-Minute Response Time


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35

55% of Attacks End Pre-Police

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Victims

Stop (19%)

Attacker

Stops (36%) Attack

Begins

Suicide

(28%)

Leaves

(8%)

Subdue

(15%)

Shoot

(4%)


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37

45% End After Police Arrive

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Police

Stop (30%)

Attacker

Stops (15%) Police

Arrive

Suicide

(11%)

Surrender

(4%)

Subdue

(8%)

Shoot

(22%)


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Attackers Kill Themselves?

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4 out of 10


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Police Use Force?

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3 out of 10


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Media3-edit_2

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slenda1


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Officers Shot in

11% of ASEs

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Officers Shot in

25% of Ongoing ASEs


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Officers Shot in

1 in 4 of Ongoing ASEs

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SummaryFrequency has increasedHappen everywhereMost small – Some largeDangerous to responders

Frequency has increasedHappen everywhereMost small – Some largeDangerous to responders


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Scalable FlexibleConcepts and PrinciplesCritical Thinking

ImplicationsScalableFlexibleConcepts and PrinciplesCritical Thinking

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Training Priorities


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Stop the KillingGet to the siteBreach into the buildingMove to attackerStop the attacker

Get to the siteBreach into the buildingMove to attackerStop the attacker

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Stop the DyingSecurityImmediate actionMedical

SecurityImmediate actionMedical


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Equipment Suggestions

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Plate Carriers


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Rifle

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Tourniquet


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Training Classes

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Level I


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Level II

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ERASE


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Breaching

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Low Light


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Indirect Support

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Indirect Support


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Garland, TX

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55% of Attacks End Pre-Police


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CRASE

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Don’tName Them

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ALERRT.org


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UNCLASSIFIED

Active ShooterThree Years of Progress

Deputy Director’s Office of Partner Engagement, Active Shooter Initiative

UNCLASSIFIED

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Law Enforcement

Narrowed gaps in response

Strengthened recovery efforts

Increased training

Improved tools

Public

Increased citizen awareness

Business/education awareness

Priority Initiatives to Date

UNCLASSIFIED


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2015 FBI Initiatives

“The Coming Storm”

A 40-minute feature film initially made for

state, local, tribal and campus law

enforcement executives with the intent to

teach what we learned from responding law

enforcement officers about best practices in

unified command and related areas

UNCLASSIFIED

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2/17/2016 76

The Coming Storm


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A 40-minute feature film initially made for

state, local, tribal and campus law

enforcement executives with the intent to

teach what we learned from responding law

enforcement officers about best practices in

unified command and related areas

UNCLASSIFIED

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“We Regret to Inform You . . .”

Providing Sensitive Death Notifications With

Professionalism, Dignity, and Compassion

The FBI’s Office of Victim Assistance (OVA) and

Penn State University have developed a free, online

training program that can be found at

www.deathnotification.psu.edu


The most valuable

death notifications

are delivered by

trained professionals

who utilize best

practices, including

preplanning,

compassionate

notification, and

coordinated follow-up

UNCLASSIFIED

http://www.deathnotification.psu.edu/


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UNCLASSIFIED

Continued FBI financial support

– To pay for state and local command staff to travel to meet

and share ideas

– To pay for FBI personnel to travel to support agencies

farthest in every U.S. jurisdiction

Continued financial support and instructors to provide free

ALERRT training

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UNCLASSIFIED

Continue delivering free training to officers

who may come face to face with a shooter

– Seeking to reach throughout United States

– Seeking to support the smallest agencies

– Excellent opportunity to share stories, give and gain advice,

and learn best practices


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UNCLASSIFIED

Research to understand the causes

– FBI Behavioral Experts at Quantico

July symposium at Virginia Tech will result in publication of 2016 monograph

that will include assistance in identifying behavioral predicates and a model

for threat assessment and threat management

Research on shooters identified in 2014 study

Improved Fire/EMS coordination

– Warm-zone clearing by EMS with law enforcement officers’ support

– Unified command coordination

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Created a baseline for future research;

quantified problem

160 incidents

– United States only

– 14 years; 2000 to 2013

– In-home domestic, drug and gang violence

excluded

– Number injured or killed not decisive factor in

inclusion

– Not a study of “mass killings”

Federal law defines mass killing as 3 or more deaths

FBI Active Shooter Study

UNCLASSIFIED


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What to Tell the Public

– Peers and family members are the most likely to hear things or see

behaviors that indicate a person is on a trajectory towards violence

– Don’t dismiss your hunches and concerns

– Don’t say he didn’t mean it or it can’t happen here

– Trust that law enforcement professionals will investigate and not just

arrest people

– Be confident that a timely call to the FBI tip line or local law enforcement

about even a small piece of information might help save lives

UNCLASSIFIED

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– Know your key leader capabilities and limits

– Encourage decision making at the lowest level

– Host TTXs/FTXs to integrate policies and capabilities and review MOUs,

mutual aid, and statutory authority. EM must participate

– Develop redundancies in COMMS (runners, mutual aid radios)

– Anticipate and have a plan for those who self-deploy

Key Pre-Incident Takeaways

UNCLASSIFIED


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– Plan to take into account long-term management of the scene that will

need to rely on a reserve of support, mutual aid agreements, and others

available

– Establish a smooth plan to incorporate local and federal resources for

services for victims, survivors, and families

– Pre-coordinate all media/social media messaging capabilities to be able

to consistently and accurately inform the public and quell panic but not

independent of lead law enforcement agency

– How will you help overwhelmed 9-1-1 dispatch operators? What are the

communications backups?

Key Pre-Incident Takeaways

UNCLASSIFIED

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– Physical space concerns—ensure control ingress and egress to site;

keep a lane open; watch for perimeter breaches; consider asking FBI

to close airspace

– To help overwhelmed dispatchers, consider having the FBI establish

a toll-free 800 number for victims/families

– Assign interviews/evidence collection to other agencies to save your

resources and provide longer-term investigative support

– Identify self-dispatching law enforcement officers; train them to

bring command staff and report in

Key Scene Management Takeaways

UNCLASSIFIED


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– Key on-scene commanders should have phone handlers and

assistants to relay messaging and manage important incoming

phone calls

– Anticipate dignitaries—keep them out of the incident scene and limit

unnecessary curiosity seekers in unified command

– Manage media and messaging early to inform public

– Coordinate messages with all agencies in unified command, those

with facility equities, and affected political entities

Key Scene Management Takeaways

UNCLASSIFIED

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– Public soft-target venues

– Multisite coordinated terrorist attacks

Paris, November 2015

– IEDs

– Shooters appear to be carrying or using IEDs

Boston Marathon

Paris, November 2015

San Bernardino, California

Ongoing Concerns

UNCLASSIFIED


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What is the FBI missing?

– Plainclothes law enforcement identification to avoid

blue-on-blue threats and false second-shooter

callouts?

– Best practices for better LE/FIRE/EMS integration

Opportunities

UNCLASSIFIED

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Question-and-Answer Session Moderated by Mr. David Flory


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Closing RemarksChris Robinson

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Additional Information

VRNetwork.org

BJA.gov

VALORforblue.org

ALERRT.org

FBI.gov

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