Explorers & SettlementsExplorers & Settlements

Standard 8-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South Carolina and the United States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.2: Compare the motives, activities, and accomplishments of the exploration of South Carolina and North America by the Spanish, French, and English.

Settlement TimelineSettlement Timeline• 1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on the remains of Charles

Fort• 1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on the remains Ft San

Felipe• 1607 Jamestown, VA is the First permanent English

settlement in America • 1619 Africans first arrive in America• 1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors

1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on Charles

Fort’s remains

1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on Ft San Felipe’s remains 1607 Jamestown, VA 1st

permanent settlement in Amercia

1619 Africans first arrive in America 1663 Carolina

colony given to Lord Proprietors

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European Renaissance

Dark Ages: education was neglected, many people didn’t know how to read or writeThe Renaissance:: •A time of renewed interest in education and art •Kings began to explore new lands Kings began to explore new lands –To become richer and more powerful than othersTo become richer and more powerful than others

Michelangelo's Pieta statue da Vinci’s Mona LisaMichelangelo's David statue

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Reasons European Kings financed exploration.

European Renaissance

KingsKings (Spain, France, & England)Planned to become richer and more powerful through Planned to become richer and more powerful through trade and owning new landstrade and owning new lands They financed explorers to find new trade routes and They financed explorers to find new trade routes and new land to claimnew land to claimFrom the land, they hoped to get natural resources From the land, they hoped to get natural resources which they could use or sell; either way, they would get which they could use or sell; either way, they would get richer.richer.

da Vinci’s helicopter diagramda Vinci’s parachute diagram

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Exploration CompetitionSpain, France, and England vied for a

foothold in SC as part of the competition for colonies that would competition for colonies that would enrich the mother country. enrich the mother country.

Spanish Exploration

Conquistadors

The 3 G’s of Spanish Explorations:

Encomiendas

Spanish ExplorationSpanish ExplorationMoney & Power

Trade ($) & Territory

ConquistadorsConquistadors (Spanish Spanish Explorers/Conquerors) Explorers/Conquerors) Claimed large areas of Central & South America

Initially searched for Gold Initially searched for Gold (The 3 G’s) in Florida, SC, and Florida, SC, and the American Southwestthe American SouthwestSoon set up encomiendas encomiendas (large plantations)large plantations) on which natives were put to workDisease and overwork would decimate the native population

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3 G’s of Spanish Exploration:1. Gold2. God3. Glory

Spanish

Things that the Spanish brought or created in the New World…

Spanish Exploration

The Spanish brought in African African Slaves to work the plantations and Slaves to work the plantations and mines to produce more wealthmines to produce more wealth

Built cities & established Built cities & established universitiesuniversities

Brought their complex social class Brought their complex social class system & style of governmentsystem & style of government

Their Catholic religionTheir Catholic religion

ExplorationExploration

Francisco Gordillo (Spanish)•Sent by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon to explore North America•1st to explore South Carolina•His voyage gave Spain claim to SC

Giovanni da Verrazano (Italian –working for France)•1524 sighted land just north of Myrtle Beach (today) •His voyage gave France claim to SC

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Exploration and ColoniesExploration and Colonies

Hernando de Soto (Spanish)• April 1540 led an expedition across the April 1540 led an expedition across the

Savannah RiverSavannah River• Entered Indian settlement Cofitachequi

– Stayed 2 weeks

• Moved towards present day North CarolinaMoved towards present day North Carolina• Headed west & died in Mississippi River Headed west & died in Mississippi River

AreaArea• 11stst European to see the interior of South European to see the interior of South

CarolinaCarolina

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ExplorationExplorationSan Miguel de Gualdalpe (Spanish)•1st settlement attempted in SC by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon (Spanish)Located on the Waccamaw River (Located on the Waccamaw River (Near present-Near present-day Georgetown)day Georgetown)

•Settlers included some African slaves from Santo DomingoSettlement wiped out by a cold winter, food Settlement wiped out by a cold winter, food shortages, and disease shortages, and disease San Miguel was San Miguel was abandonedabandoned

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Spanish SettlementsSpanish SettlementsFt. San Felipe (Spanish)Built on the abandoned settlement of Built on the abandoned settlement of Charlesfort, again trying to establish a Charlesfort, again trying to establish a foothold in SC foothold in SC This settlement survived for ten years This settlement survived for ten years until it was attacked by Native Americansuntil it was attacked by Native Americans Survivors fled to St. Augustine, Florida Survivors fled to St. Augustine, Florida

1st permanent European settlement in North AmericaFt. San Marcos (Spanish)

oAttempted on same location as San Attempted on same location as San FelipeFelipeoSent missionaries to convert natives to Catholicism oAnother Another FailedFailed settlement settlement

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French Exploration

Where they explored and established settlements:

French ExplorationSearching for the Northwest PassageSearching for the Northwest PassageSailed down the Sailed down the St. Lawrence River St. Lawrence River and and

claimed the region for France. claimed the region for France. Established settlements at Montreal and Established settlements at Montreal and

QuebecQuebecFrenchmen traveled along the rivers, Frenchmen traveled along the rivers,

including the Mississippi River, and claimed including the Mississippi River, and claimed those lands for France, naming it Louisiana those lands for France, naming it Louisiana after their king. after their king.

St. Lawrence River

French Exploration

Although relatively few Frenchmen settled in these cold climates, they brought their culture with them.

French Protestants (Huguenots)were French Protestants (Huguenots)were notnot allowed allowed to immigrate to the New World so the French colony was the French colony was Catholic Catholic

French traders established good French traders established good relations with the native peoplesrelations with the native peoples

Relied on the Natives for trade in furs.

French Exploration

Charlesfort

Exploration Exploration

Charlesfort (French)Jean Ribault led Huguenots to America in Jean Ribault led Huguenots to America in 15621562Built a fort near present day Beaufort Built a fort near present day Beaufort (Parris Island)(Parris Island)Named water Port RoyalLater abandoned Later abandoned

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English Explores

Reasons for English exploration and settlement

Cultures that the English brought to the New World

English Exploration• English explorers also sailed along the coast

of North America, claiming these lands for the English King.– They would later establish permanent

settlements along the eastern coast naming them Virginia and New England.

• Some settlers were attracted to these regions by the hope for the discovery of the hope for the discovery of gold gold & stayed to grow tobacco.

• Others were fleeing from religious fleeing from religious persecutionpersecution in England in England & founded societies founded societies based on their shared religious valuesbased on their shared religious values

• All English settlers brought their culture, brought their culture, including their language, Protestant including their language, Protestant religions, and ideas about self-governmentreligions, and ideas about self-government, with them to the New World.

Exploration and ColoniesExploration and ColoniesAlbemarle Point

•Settlement founded by English•Became the 1st permanent colony (Charles Town) in SC•The location offered many advantages to the settlers because of it’s natural harbors. •South Carolina became an economically important colony for the British.

Original location of Charles Town

After whom were the rivers named?