Exploration and Exploration and EncounterEncounter

New Spain, North America, New Spain, North America, and the Pacificand the Pacific

New SpainNew Spain

1492 – First time that a European sees land 1492 – First time that a European sees land in “the New World.”in “the New World.”

Trip was sponsored by Charles I and Queen Trip was sponsored by Charles I and Queen Isabella.Isabella.

Called him “Admiral of the seas” and gave Called him “Admiral of the seas” and gave him the rights to a large portion of the him the rights to a large portion of the profits.profits.-They didn’t expect him to come back.-They didn’t expect him to come back.

Strange people. Colombus wrote:Strange people. Colombus wrote:

All of them go around as naked as their mothers All of them go around as naked as their mothers bore them….They are well formed, with bore them….They are well formed, with handsome bodies and good faces….They do not handsome bodies and good faces….They do not carry arms or are they acquainted with carry arms or are they acquainted with them….They have no iron….They should be them….They have no iron….They should be good and intelligent servants, for I see that they good and intelligent servants, for I see that they saw very quickly everything that is said to them; saw very quickly everything that is said to them; and I believe that they would become Christians and I believe that they would become Christians very easily, for it seemed to me that they had no very easily, for it seemed to me that they had no religion. Our Lord pleasing, at the time of my religion. Our Lord pleasing, at the time of my departure I will take six of them from here to departure I will take six of them from here to Your Highnesses in order that they may learn to Your Highnesses in order that they may learn to speak.”speak.”

By 1496, Hispaniola was conquered.By 1496, Hispaniola was conquered. He had found gold and silver (we spoke)He had found gold and silver (we spoke) The colony was meant to provide benefits The colony was meant to provide benefits

to Spain.to Spain. Slaves were used, so was other forced Slaves were used, so was other forced

labour.labour. This, plus new, European diseases came This, plus new, European diseases came

close to wiping out the native populations.close to wiping out the native populations. What did they need to do to fix this?What did they need to do to fix this?

Slaves, from the Bahamas and from Africa, Slaves, from the Bahamas and from Africa, started being brought into the Caribbean started being brought into the Caribbean to work the mines and fields that had been to work the mines and fields that had been established.established.

Encomieda Encomieda – Slave labour.– Slave labour. RepartimientoRepartimiento – Certain number of days of – Certain number of days of

labour to the state.labour to the state.

Free labour existed, but attached to the Free labour existed, but attached to the economy of the mines/fields, etc. Usually economy of the mines/fields, etc. Usually led to debt.led to debt.

There were regulations on the There were regulations on the colonies about industry. Did not want colonies about industry. Did not want competition with the mother country.competition with the mother country.

What did this mean for the colonies?What did this mean for the colonies?

North AmericaNorth America

Viking ContactViking Contact

In 1000, VikingsIn 1000, Vikingslanded in what is nowlanded in what is nowNewfoundland andNewfoundland andLabrador.Labrador.

Did not settleDid not settlepermanently.permanently.

The EnglishThe English

John Cabot sailed in 1497. He was John Cabot sailed in 1497. He was sponsored by Henry VII of England.sponsored by Henry VII of England.

Set out looking for a shorter route to Set out looking for a shorter route to Asia, going North instead of South.Asia, going North instead of South.

This was called the “Northwest This was called the “Northwest Passage.Passage.

Northwest PassageNorthwest Passage

The EnglishThe English

He found “Newe Founde Land.”He found “Newe Founde Land.”

What resource did he find there, What resource did he find there, think Business!think Business!

He eventually made it into “New He eventually made it into “New England” which were the original England” which were the original American Colonies.American Colonies.

The FrenchThe French

Jacques Cartier Jacques Cartier “claimed” what is “claimed” what is now Quebec and now Quebec and Canada for Canada for France in 1534.France in 1534.

Later, in 1608, Later, in 1608, Samuel de Samuel de Champlain Champlain founded Quebec founded Quebec City.City.

The Pacific OceanThe Pacific Ocean Ferdinand Magellan, Ferdinand Magellan,

a Portuguese a Portuguese explorer, was the explorer, was the first European tofirst European tosail around the world.sail around the world.

He sailed south, also to He sailed south, also to find a different route to find a different route to Asia.Asia.

Sailed south of Brazil Sailed south of Brazil and made his was and made his was across the Pacific across the Pacific Ocean.Ocean.

He was killed in the He was killed in the Philippenes.Philippenes.

Impacts on the Home Impacts on the Home Countries Countries

Foods began to grow in places that had Foods began to grow in places that had not seem them before.not seem them before.

Potatoes – Incas – Ireland.Potatoes – Incas – Ireland.Rice – Asia – Latin America.Rice – Asia – Latin America.Bananas – Malaysia – Latin America.Bananas – Malaysia – Latin America.Kidney Beans – South/Central America – Kidney Beans – South/Central America – Europe.Europe.Spices/Peppers – Asia – Europe.Spices/Peppers – Asia – Europe.Tobacco – America – Europe.Tobacco – America – Europe.

Impacts on the ColoniesImpacts on the Colonies

Was colonization a good thing or a Was colonization a good thing or a bad thing?bad thing?

The peopleThe people The economyThe economy The legacyThe legacy