expl netfund chapter 01 intro edited

8/19/2019 Expl NetFund Chapter 01 Intro Edited

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CCNA1-1 Chapter 1

Chapter 1Chapter 1

Living in aLiving in a

Network-Centric WorldNetwork-Centric World


2/47

CCNA1-2 Chapter 1

Global AccessGlobal Access

• The globalization of the nternet has s!cceeded faster thanThe globalization of the nternet has s!cceeded faster than

an"one co!ld have i#agined$an"one co!ld have i#agined$

• The #anner in which social% co##ercial% political andThe #anner in which social% co##ercial% political and

personal interactions occ!r is rapidl" changing to keep !ppersonal interactions occ!r is rapidl" changing to keep !p

with the evol!tion of this global network$with the evol!tion of this global network$


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CCNA1-& Chapter 1

Networks ' (ehind the )cenesNetworks ' (ehind the )cenes

• Networks are #ore than *!st connecting cables$Networks are #ore than *!st connecting cables$• The" are a co#ple+ and sophisticated co#bination ofThe" are a co#ple+ and sophisticated co#bination of

protocols% softwareprotocols% software

and hardware$and hardware$

, )ec!rit" and rivac")ec!rit" and rivac", 2. + / availabilit"2. + / availabilit"

, 0!alit" of )ervice0!alit" of )ervice

, ideo on e#andideo on e#and

, oice over oice over , 3ed!ndanc" and back!p3ed!ndanc" and back!p

, 4ission critical applications and !ser e+pectations4ission critical applications and !ser e+pectations

, WirelessWireless


4/47

CCNA1-. Chapter 1

Networks ' The 5arl" a"sNetworks ' The 5arl" a"s

•

5arl" co##!nication relied on face-to-face conversations$5arl" co##!nication relied on face-to-face conversations$• The telephone was !sed for voice and the post officeThe telephone was !sed for voice and the post office

delivered #ost of the written co##!nications$delivered #ost of the written co##!nications$

• ideo co##!nication was one-wa" !sing the television$ideo co##!nication was one-wa" !sing the television$


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CCNA1-6 Chapter 1

Networks ' The 5arl" a"sNetworks ' The 5arl" a"s

• 5arl" networks were li#ited to character based infor#ation$5arl" networks were li#ited to character based infor#ation$• Co##!nications between co#p!ters was not eas" andCo##!nications between co#p!ters was not eas" and

re7!ired a host 8no p!n intended9 of reso!rces to acco#plishre7!ired a host 8no p!n intended9 of reso!rces to acco#plish

the si#plest data transfer$the si#plest data transfer$


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CCNA1-: Chapter 1

Networks ' Toda"Networks ' Toda"

• Toda";s networks carr" #!ltiple t"pes of infor#ation thro!ghToda";s networks carr" #!ltiple t"pes of infor#ation thro!gh

#an" t"pes of devices -#an" t"pes of devices - SIMULTANEOUSLY SIMULTANEOUSLY $$

, oice% ideo% A!dio% Te+t% graphicsoice% ideo% A!dio% Te+t% graphics

)ilver and ia#ondCell hone


7/47CCNA1-/ Chapter 1

Networks ' Toda" ' A Global Co##!nit"Networks ' Toda" ' A Global Co##!nit"


8/47


9/47CCNA1-> Chapter 1

Networks )!pporting The Wa" We LiveNetworks )!pporting The Wa" We Live

• n the co!rse of the da"%n the co!rse of the da"%nternet reso!rces cannternet reso!rces can

help "o!$help "o!$

• 44 - nstant 4essaging?- nstant 4essaging?

, nternet 3ela" Chat 83C9nternet 3ela" Chat 83C9• (logs(logs 8Weblogs9?8Weblogs9?

, ersonal opinions on an" conceivable s!b*ect$ersonal opinions on an" conceivable s!b*ect$

• odcastingodcasting??

)haring recordings with a wide a!dience 8Apple iods9)haring recordings with a wide a!dience 8Apple iods9

• WikisWikis??

, A collaboration tool$ Gives people the opport!nit" to work A collaboration tool$ Gives people the opport!nit" to work

together on shared doc!#ents$together on shared doc!#ents$


10/47CCNA1-1@ Chapter 1

Networks )!pporting The Wa" We LearnNetworks )!pporting The Wa" We Learn

• 5-Learning5-Learning


11/47CCNA1-11 Chapter 1

Networks )!pporting The Wa" We LearnNetworks )!pporting The Wa" We Learn

• nline disc!ssions and access to reso!rces$nline disc!ssions and access to reso!rces$



Networks )!pporting The Wa" We WorkNetworks )!pporting The Wa" We Work

• (!siness networks evolved to enable the trans#ission of(!siness networks evolved to enable the trans#ission of

#an" different t"pes of infor#ation services% incl!ding e-#ail%#an" different t"pes of infor#ation services% incl!ding e-#ail%

video% #essaging% and telephon"$video% #essaging% and telephon"$

•

ifferent co#panies !se different t"pes of networks$ifferent co#panies !se different t"pes of networks$


13/47CCNA1-1& Chapter 1



14/47CCNA1-1. Chapter 1




Networks )!pporting The Wa" We la"Networks )!pporting The Wa" We la"

• The entertain#ent and travel ind!stries have #ade !se of theThe entertain#ent and travel ind!stries have #ade !se of thenternet to provide online ga#ing% #!sic and #ovienternet to provide online ga#ing% #!sic and #oviedownloads% online travel bookings% hotel and car reservationsdownloads% online travel bookings% hotel and car reservations

and #!ch% #!ch #ore$and #!ch% #!ch #ore$


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CCNA1-1: Chapter 1

Networks )!pporting The Wa" We la"Networks )!pporting The Wa" We la"

• )o#e of the #ost innovative develop#ents in network)o#e of the #ost innovative develop#ents in networktechnolog" have co#e fro# the increasing de#and fortechnolog" have co#e fro# the increasing de#and for

entertain#ent$entertain#ent$


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CCNA1-1/ Chapter 1

Co##!nications ' What is itBCo##!nications ' What is itB

• Co##!nications can take #an" for#s and occ!rs in #an"Co##!nications can take #an" for#s and occ!rs in #an"different environ#ents$different environ#ents$

• We establish r!les%We establish r!les% or protocolsor protocols% for co##!nicating with each% for co##!nicating with each

other?other?

, dentif" the sender and receiver$dentif" the sender and receiver$, Agree on the #ethod$ Agree on the #ethod$

, Co##on lang!age$Co##on lang!age$

, )peed and deliver" of the #essage$)peed and deliver" of the #essage$

, Confir#ation that the #essage was received$Confir#ation that the #essage was received$

• Co##!nications between individ!als is s!ccessf!l if theCo##!nications between individ!als is s!ccessf!l if the

#eaning of the received #essage is the sa#e as the#eaning of the received #essage is the sa#e as the

#eaning of the #essage that was sent$#eaning of the #essage that was sent$


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CCNA1-1= Chapter 1

Co##!nications - 0!alit"Co##!nications - 0!alit"

• or data networks% we !se the sa#e basic criteria to *!dgeor data networks% we !se the sa#e basic criteria to *!dges!ccessf!l co##!nication$s!ccessf!l co##!nication$

• Dowever% there areDowever% there are e+ternal factorse+ternal factors that can affect thethat can affect the#essage$#essage$

, TheThe 7!alit" of the pathwa"7!alit" of the pathwa" between the sender and thebetween the sender and therecipient$recipient$

, The n!#ber of ti#es the #essage has toThe n!#ber of ti#es the #essage has to change for#change for# ororbebe redirectedredirected oror re-addressedre-addressed$$

, The n!#ber ofThe n!#ber of other #essagesother #essages being trans#ittedbeing trans#itted

si#!ltaneo!sl" on the co##!nication network$si#!ltaneo!sl" on the co##!nication network$, TheThe a#o!nt of ti#ea#o!nt of ti#e allotted for s!ccessf!lallotted for s!ccessf!l

co##!nication$co##!nication$


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CCNA1-1> Chapter 1


• There are alsoThere are also internal factorsinternal factors that can affect s!ccessf!lthat can affect s!ccessf!lco##!nication$co##!nication$

4essage )ize4essage )ize

4essage4essageCo#ple+it"Co#ple+it"

4essage4essage#portance#portance


20/47

CCNA1-2@ Chapter 1


• t is also #ore diffic!lt to deliver a large% b!lk" packaget is also #ore diffic!lt to deliver a large% b!lk" packages!ccessf!ll" and witho!t da#age than it is to deliver severals!ccessf!ll" and witho!t da#age than it is to deliver several

s#aller packages$s#aller packages$


21/47

CCNA1-21 Chapter 1

Network As A latfor#Network As A latfor#

• All networks have All networks have 44 basic ele#ents in co##on?basic ele#ents in co##on?

3!les 8protocols93!les 8protocols9 to govern the handling of the #essage$to govern the handling of the #essage$

4essages4essages that travel fro# one device to another$that travel fro# one device to another$

4edi!#4edi!# that is !sed to interconnect devices and canthat is !sed to interconnect devices and can

transport the #essages fro# one device to another$transport the #essages fro# one device to another$

evicesevices on the network that e+change #essages$on the network that e+change #essages$


22/47

CCNA1-22 Chapter 1


4essages4essages

take #an" for#s$take #an" for#s$


23/47

CCNA1-2& Chapter 1


4edia4edia on a network can be varied$on a network can be varied$


24/47

CCNA1-2. Chapter 1


evicesevices on a network ' Co##on )"#bolson a network ' Co##on )"#bols


25/47

CCNA1-26 Chapter 1


3!les3!les on a network see# al#ost endless ' b!t the";re not$on a network see# al#ost endless ' b!t the";re not$

• ther Application rotocols?ther Application rotocols?

, N)% DC% TN)% DC% T

• )o#e ther rotocols?)o#e ther rotocols?

, TCE rotocol )!ite% 5thernet% 3o!ting rotocolsTCE rotocol )!ite% 5thernet% 3o!ting rotocols


26/47

CCNA1-2: Chapter 1

!tting t all Together !tting t all Together

1$ Converted to (inar"$1$ Converted to (inar"$

2$ NC generates signals$2$ NC generates signals$

&$ assed a#ong LAN devices$&$ assed a#ong LAN devices$

.$ 5+it the local area 8ro!ter9$.$ 5+it the local area 8ro!ter9$


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CCNA1-2/ Chapter 1


The #an" interconnectedThe #an" interconnecteddevices worldwide are oftendevices worldwide are often

represented b" a clo!d$represented b" a clo!d$

6$ (its are trans#itted to6$ (its are trans#itted to

devices that interconnectdevices that interconnectthe networks$the networks$


28/47

CCNA1-2= Chapter 1


:$ assed a#ong local:$ assed a#ong localdevices at the destination$devices at the destination$

/$ The destination device converts/$ The destination device convertsthe bits into h!#an readable for#$the bits into h!#an readable for#$


29/47

CCNA1-2> Chapter 1


11 22 33 44

55

66 77

At each of these steps% there are At each of these steps% there are

protocols that define the r!les forprotocols that define the r!les for

device co##!nication$device co##!nication$


30/47

CCNA1-&@ Chapter 1

!tting t All Together !tting t All Together

• f co!rse% it alwa"s helps to know what "o!;re doing$f co!rse% it alwa"s helps to know what "o!;re doing$


31/47

CCNA1-&1 Chapter 1

Converged NetworksConverged Networks

• Traditional telephone% radio% television% and co#p!ter dataTraditional telephone% radio% television% and co#p!ter datanetworks each have their own individ!al versions of the fo!rnetworks each have their own individ!al versions of the fo!rbasic network ele#ents$basic network ele#ents$


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CCNA1-&2 Chapter 1


• Technolog" advances are enabling !s to consolidate theseTechnolog" advances are enabling !s to consolidate thesedisparate networks ontodisparate networks onto one platfor#one platfor#$$

• A platfor# defined as a A platfor# defined as a converged networkconverged network$$


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CCNA1-&& Chapter 1



34/47

CCNA1-&. Chapter 1

The Architect!re of the nternetThe Architect!re of the nternet

• The ter#The ter# Network Architect!reNetwork Architect!re??, Technologies that s!pport theTechnologies that s!pport the infrastr!ct!reinfrastr!ct!re

, rogra##ed services and protocolsrogra##ed services and protocols that #ove thethat #ove the

#essages across that infrastr!ct!re$#essages across that infrastr!ct!re$

• There areThere are . basic characteristics. basic characteristics for networks in general tofor networks in general to#eet !ser e+pectations?#eet !ser e+pectations?

, a!lt tolerancea!lt tolerance

, )calabilit")calabilit"

, 0!alit" of )ervice 80o)90!alit" of )ervice 80o)9

, )ec!rit")ec!rit"


35/47

CCNA1-&6 Chapter 1


a!lt Tolerancea!lt Tolerance


36/47

CCNA1-&: Chapter 1


Circ!it )witched ' Connection-riented NetworksCirc!it )witched ' Connection-riented Networks


37/47

CCNA1-&/ Chapter 1


acket )witched ' Connectionless Networksacket )witched ' Connectionless Networks


38/47

CCNA1-&= Chapter 1


Circ!it )witchedCirc!it )witched acket )witchedacket )witched

Connection-orientedConnection-oriented ConnectionlessConnectionless

edicated Circ!itedicated Circ!it )hared Circ!it)hared Circ!it

G!aranteed level of serviceG!aranteed level of service

8(andwidth% 0o)98(andwidth% 0o)94essages divided into packets4essages divided into packets

nefficient !se of 4edi!#nefficient !se of 4edi!# 5fficient !se of 4edi!#5fficient !se of 4edi!#

)ingle path% no red!ndanc")ingle path% no red!ndanc"a!lt Toleranta!lt Tolerant% #!ltiple possible% #!ltiple possiblepathspaths


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CCNA1-&> Chapter 1


)calabilit")calabilit"


40/47

CCNA1-.@ Chapter 1


• A good e+a#ple of A good e+a#ple of scalabilit"scalabilit" is the Tier architect!re of theis the Tier architect!re of thenternet$nternet$

Tier 2?Tier 2? a" Tier 1 providers fora" Tier 1 providers forconnectivit" and provideconnectivit" and provide

regional service$regional service$

Tier 1?Tier 1? )s provide nationaland international connections$8erizon% )print% ATFT% NTT%

cable s"ste#s% etc$9

nternetnternet(ackbone(ackbone

Tier &? rovide service to endTier &? rovide service to end!sers and are !s!all" connected!sers and are !s!all" connected

thro!gh Tier 2 providers$thro!gh Tier 2 providers$


41/47

CCNA1-.1 Chapter 1


• Additional providers can be added relativel" easil" with no Additional providers can be added relativel" easil" with nodisr!ption of c!rrent services$disr!ption of c!rrent services$ THAT is scalability! THAT is scalability!

nternetnternet(ackbone(ackbone


42/47

CCNA1-.2 Chapter 1


0!alit" of )ervice 80o)90!alit" of )ervice 80o)9


43/47

CCNA1-.& Chapter 1




44/47

CCNA1-.. Chapter 1



f


45/47

CCNA1-.6 Chapter 1


)ec!rit")ec!rit"

Th A hit t f th t t


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CCNA1-.: Chapter 1


)ec!rit")ec!rit"

5ns!re Confidentialit"?5ns!re Confidentialit"?)trong a!thentication and)trong a!thentication and

appropriate encr"ptionappropriate encr"ption

Co##!nication ntegrit"?Co##!nication ntegrit"?igital )ignat!res% Dashingigital )ignat!res% Dashing

Algorith#s% Checks!# Algorith#s% Checks!#

5ns!ring Availabilit"?5ns!ring Availabilit"?Co#bating vir!s attacks%Co#bating vir!s attacks%

irewalls% 3ed!ndantirewalls% 3ed!ndant Architect!re Architect!re

T d i N t ki


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Trends in NetworkingTrends in Networking

, ncreasing n!#ber of #obile !sersncreasing n!#ber of #obile !sers

, roliferation of network capable devicesroliferation of network capable devices

, 5+panding range of services5+panding range of services

expl netfund chapter 01 intro edited

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