experiment 11: non-inverting amplifier
DESCRIPTION
Experiment 11: Non-Inverting Amplifier. With Modifications that Require the Use of the Velleman Oscilloscope. Modification to Steps in the 3 rd Edition Lab Manual. Modeling in PSpice Simulate the DC voltage transfer characgteristic of the non-inverting amplifier circuit using - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Experiment 11: Non-Inverting Amplifier
With Modifications that Require the Use of the Velleman Oscilloscope
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Modification to Steps in the 3rd Edition Lab Manual
• Modeling in PSpice– Simulate the DC voltage transfer characgteristic of the non-
inverting amplifier circuit using• Part E, a voltage controlled voltage source
– The difference in voltage between the two input terminals of an op amp cause an output voltage to be generated.» Ideal Op Amp model
• Part LM324» Close to a real Op Amp model
• The sinusoidal voltage source in the circuit must be replaced with a dc voltage source, Vdc.
• Measurements performed with oscilloscope– Function generator on oscilloscope is used for Vi.
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PSpice Circuit for Non-Inverting Amplifier
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Op Amp Equivalent Circuitvd = v2 – v1
A is the open-loop voltage gain
v2
v1
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Typical Op Amp ParametersParameter Variable Typical Ranges Ideal ValuesOpen-Loop
Voltage GainA 105 to 108 ∞
Input Resistance
Ri 105 to 1013 W ∞ W
Output Resistance
Ro 10 to 100 W 0 W
Supply Voltage Vcc/V+
-Vcc/V- 5 to 30 V
-30V to 0VN/AN/A
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Voltage Transfer Characteristic
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Circuit with Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (Part E): Schematics
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Set Open Loop Gain
• Double click on symbol and set GAIN to at least 100,000– Typical open loop gain of an op amp is 105-108 V/V
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Circuit with Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (Part E): Capture
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Open Loop Gain
• Double click on symbol for Part E.• Set GAIN in Property Editor pop-up window to
at least 100,000.
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Modifications to Measurement Section: New Circuit
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Cables
• The connections to the Velleman scope are BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connectors.– You will need to use 3 BNC cables with either the
alligator clips or the IC clips to make your connections between the scope and your circuit.
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Input Voltage Source
• Use the sine wave generator on the Velleman scope.– Set the amplitude of the sine wave to 5V
• Note that the amplitude on the Velleman scope is actually peak-to-peak so you should actually make this 3V.
– Set the frequency of the sine wave to 1000Hz.
– Connect BNC cable to function generator (bottom BNC connection). • Clip red probe to end of R2. • Clip black probe (ground) to end of R1 or R3.
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Voltage Measurements using Oscilloscope
• Channel 1:– Red probe placed between function generator and R2.– Black probe connected to same point as the black wire
from the function generator.• Channel 2:– Red probe placed between output of the LM 324 and
the feedback resistor, Rf, or or between output of the LM 324 and R3.
– Black probe connected to same point as the black wire from the function generator.
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Measurements
1. Set trim pot value such that the output voltage of the op amp is equal to 2.0V when the input voltage is +1.0V.– Take a screen shot of the input and output voltage as a function of time,
displaying at least 3 cycles.– Remove Rf from the circuit. Measure and record the resistance between pins 1
and 2.– Measure the output voltage at the following input voltages:
• 0V, +/-1V, +/-2V, +/-3V, +/- 4V, and +/-5V.– use cursors in scope program
– Plot the output voltage vs. the input voltage using the X-Y plot function on the oscilloscope.
– Export the data from the oscilloscope and use MatLAB to plot the DC voltage transfer characteristic.• Determine
– the gain of the inverting amplifier in the linear region of the voltage transfer characteristic using a least squares determination of the slope in the linear region
– the output voltage at the positive and negative saturation regions.
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Measurements2. Set trim pot value such that the output voltage of the op amp is equal to 3.0V
when the input voltage is +1.0V.– Take a screen shot of the input and output voltage as a function of time, displaying at
least 3 cycles.– Remove Rf from the circuit. Measure and record the resistance between pins 1 and
2.– Measure the output voltage at the following input voltages:
• 0V, +/-1V, +/-2V, +/-3V, +/- 4V, and +/-5V.– use cursors in scope program
– Plot the output voltage vs. the input voltage using the X-Y plot function on the oscilloscope.
– Export the data from the oscilloscope and use MatLAB to plot the DC voltage transfer characteristic.• Determine
– the gain of the inverting amplifier in the linear region of the voltage transfer characteristic using a least squares determination of the slope in the linear region
– the output voltage at the positive and negative saturation regions.
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Measurements3. Set trim pot value such that the output voltage of the op amp is equal to 4.0V
when the input voltage is +1.0V.– Take a screen shot of the input and output voltage as a function of time, displaying at
least 3 cycles.– Remove Rf from the circuit. Measure and record the resistance between pins 1 and
2.– Measure the output voltage at the following input voltages:
• 0V, +/-1V, +/-2V, +/-3V, +/- 4V, and +/-5V.– use cursors in scope program
– Plot the output voltage vs. the input voltage using the X-Y plot function on the oscilloscope.
– Export the data from the oscilloscope and use MatLAB to plot the DC voltage transfer characteristic.• Determine
– the gain of the inverting amplifier in the linear region of the voltage transfer characteristic using a least squares determination of the slope in the linear region
– the output voltage at the positive and negative saturation regions.
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Measurements
• Measure exact values of V+ and V- powering the LM 324 op amp.
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Discussion Section• Compare the gains found in Analysis Section, Modeling
Section, and the measured results.– Explain any discrepancies
• Explain the major differences between the two PSpice simulations.
• Compare the averaged positive and negative saturation voltages with the measured values of the power supplies. – Does the saturation voltage depend on the amplifier gain
(within experimental error)?– Does the saturation voltage agree with that specified in the LM
324 data sheet (find on-line)?
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