expansion in texas
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Expansion in Texas. Chapter 9-3. Mission System. Roman Catholic missions tried to convert Native Americans in California, New Mexico, and Texas Declined once Mexico received independence in 1821. Impact of Independence. Mexican-US trade increased - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 9-3
Expansion in Texas
Roman Catholic missions tried to convert Native Americans in California, New Mexico, and Texas
Declined once Mexico received independence in 1821
Mission System
Mexican-US trade increased
Mexican government encouraged American settlement in TexasPrevent border violence and protect land from
NA attacks
Impact of Independence
Land grants: given to empresarios (person who was granted right to settle in Mexico) in exchange for attracting new settlers
Settlers bought cheap land, promised to obey Mexican laws and follow Catholicism
Stephen F. Austin: 1st person to successfully colonize Texas (issued land grants)“no drunkard, no gambler, no profane swearer,
and no idler” allowed
Americans believed Texas would bring wealth – wanted Texas to be US
English-speaking settlers outnumbered Tejanos (Mexican settlers)
Most Americans were Protestant – did not adopt Roman Catholicism as agreed
Mexico outlawed slavery in 1821 - Americans continued to bring their slaves
Conflict
1830s: Mexico closed border and heavily taxed American imports – couldn’t police this well
1835: 1,000 Anglos moved to Texas each month
1836 Texas population:3,500 Tejanos (Mexican settlers)12,000 Native Americans45,000 Anglos5,000 African Americans
Austin petitioned Mexican gov. for greater self-government of Texas Antonio López de Santa Anna (Mexican
president) had Austin arrested for “inciting a revolution” and suspended 1824 Mexican constitution (established centralized gov.)
Santa Anna took away local powers in Texas and other Mexican states = rebellions
Santa Anna wanted to force Texans to obey laws Austin urged Texans to arm themselves
Alamo: abandoned fort where Texans attacked MexicansMexicans destroyed Texan stronghold & killed
nearly 200 Texan defenders
Texas Revolution
Sam Houston: led Texan victory over Santa Anna at Battle of San JacintoTexans killed 680 Mexicans in 18 minutes &
captured Santa Anna
Santa Anna signed Treaty of Velasco = Texas became independent
Sept. 1836: Republic of Texas establishedArmy and navy created
March 1836: Texas declared independence from Mexico and ratified a constitution based on US’s
1838: Houston invited US to annex (incorporate) Texas into USMost Texans wanted thisAmericans divided along sectional lines
(slavery)
Dec. 29, 1845: Texas becomes 28th state in Union
Texas Joins Union
