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1.0 TITLE

Preparation of Standard Curve and Determination of Heavy Metals in Water and

Wastewater Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

2.0 OBJECTIVES

! "o prepare standard solution of heavy metal

#! "o determine standard curve and the concentration of heavy metals in water and

wastewater

3.0 INTRODUCTION

Atomic absorption spectrophotometer $AAS% is an analytical techni&ue that measures the

concentration of elements! Atomic absorption is so sensitive that it can measure down to

parts per billion of a gram in a sample! "he techni&ue ma'es use of the wavelengths of

light specifically absorbed by an element! "hey correspond to the energies needed to

promote electrons from one energy level to another( higher( energy level!

Atomic absorption spectrophotometer has many uses in different area ofchemistry such as in clinical analysis( environmental analysis( pharmaceuticals( industry

and mining! )n environmental analysis( AAS is used to monitor environment conditions

by finding out the levels of various elements in rivers( seawater( drin'ing water( air(

petrol( and drin's!

)n this e*periment( a Polari+ed ,eeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

$Model ,-./// Series%$0igure % will be operating for water1wastewater analysis! "he

main unit consists of a lamp chamber( burner( graphite atomi+er furnace( monochromator(

detector( mechanisms and electrical circuits! )n addition( it is provided with a gas

controller used to control various gases in flame analysis( power supply for graphite

furnace automi+ation and auto sampler!

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0igure Polari+ed ,eeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer $Model ,-.///

Series%

4.0 MATERIALS & METHODOLOGY

2/3 4 253 6itric Acid $H678%

/// mg19 copper standard solution

/// mg19 manganese standard solution

/// mg19 iron standard solution

/// m9 bea'er

#./ m9 bea'er// m9 volumetric flas's

./ m9 volumetric flas's

//:9 micropipette

///:9 micropipette

.//m9 measuring cylinder

;acuum filtration apparatus

De-ioni+ed water

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! Sample preparationm nylon

membrane filter1glass fiber filter!

c! Collect the filtrate for sample analysis!

#! Standard solution preparation