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Knowledge Engineering Meets Software Engineering

Hele-Mai Haav

Institute of Cybernetics at TUTSoftware department

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Outline

KE SE

Knowledge-based systems

Ontologies and their applications

(Semantic) web services

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Knowledge-based Systems...

...for engineering computations (also knowledge-based SE) Historical field of activities at software department of IoC Systems with structural synthesis of programs capturing

domain knowledge in form of computational models: PRIZ, ExpertPriz, NUT, etc (E. Tyugu et al)

Current system CoCoViLa supports visual specification of domain knowledge still using structural synthesis of programs (E. Tyugu, M. Harf, P. Grigorenko, R. Maigre, A. Ojamaa )

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Ontologies and their Applications

Ontology: a shared conceptualization of a domain that is commonly agreed to by all parties, ‘a specification of a conceptualization’ (Gruber 1993)

Ontology: means to facilitate knowledge reuse by different applications, software systems and human resources.

Ontologies are highly expressive knowledge models increase expressiveness and intelligence of a system

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Ontologies and their ApplicationsOntology Learning Ontology learning using Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) (H-M.

Haav) Combining FCA and Horn logic for ontology extraction and

representation (H-M. Haav) Learning user browsing behavior ontology for recommender

systems. The knowledge acquired from users’ browsing behavior is used for

learning profile ontology and formulating explicit user profiles in OWL-DL for recommender systems. The method exploits the automated reasoning capabilities provided by OWL-DL in order to automatically classify user profiles. (H-M. Haav, A. Kalja, T. Robal)

Ontology learning from relational databases (I. Astrova, A. Kalja)

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FCA andreduction

Concept lattice based ontology expression

Transformations

Set of rules describing initial ontology

More rules and facts

Complete set of rules and facts representing ontology

Inference

Domain specific texts or data

NLP basedcontext extraction

Formal Context

General schema of ontology learning using FCA

automatic

Expert manually

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The process of user profile learning method

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Ontologies and their Applications Ontology Applications

Smart ontology-based spatial data retrieval Partners: IoC (H-M. Haav), companies Regio, Girf new project 2008-2009, partially funded by Enterprise Estonia

via ELIKO Competence Center in Electronics-, Info- and Communication Technologies

Semantic interoperability of large scale IS: The Estonian public sector’s case study (H-M. Haav, A. Kalja, P. Küngas, M.Luts)

Automatic transformation of OWL ontologies to relational databases (SQL) and storing them in relational databases (I. Astrova, A. Kalja)

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Semantic interoperability architecture for

state information system in Estonia

administration system for the state information system (RIHA)

find service() find schema()

<<tool>>semantic search engine

domain release

ontology

<<SAWSDL>>

maintain

meaning = modelRef="http://ees... ...

infoware's metadata describes

<<SAWSDL>>

maintain

infoware

<<tool>>ontology editor

database webservice

<<tool>>modeller with semantic extension

meaning = modelRef="http://ees... ...

infoware's metadata

domain release

ontology find service() find schema()

<<tool>>semantic search engine

describes

maintain

maintain

describes

<<SAWSDL>>

maintain

maintain

Visual Paradigm for UML Community Edition [not for commercial use]

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Modularity and layering of ontologies

component in interoperability architecture

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(Sem)web services

Composition of web services using structural synthesis of programs and visual specifications (the CoCoViLa system) (E. Tyugu, P. Grigorenko, R. Maigre)

Web service composition using FOL theorem prover RqlGandalf. RQL (Rule-based Systems for Creation of Web Services)

project partially funded by Enterprise Estonia, 2004-2005. Partners: Institute of Computer Science of TUT, Cell Networks,

Sampo Assets Management). T. Tammet, H-M. Haav, M. Kääramees, V. Kadarpik, K. Kindel

Annotation of web services using OWL ontologies and SAWSDL for support of semantic interoperability of state IS (H.-M. Haav, A. Kalja, P. Küngas, M. Luts)

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Web service composition with CoCoViLa Automatic service composition tool has been developed

in software development environment CoCoViLa that supports automatic synthesis of programs and generates Java code from visual and textual model specifications

User can define desired complex service that is synthesize automatically (if it is possible to construct the service). BPEL and WSDL descriptions of the complex service are then generated from Java code.

Tool has been tested on federated governmental information system.

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Web service composition in RQL

A goal of the system is to automatically find a plan for service composition as an answer to the user request.

The result of program synthesis is as a Python program corresponding to the required composite service.

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RQL

Provides a new conceptual and technological framework for using a rule language and a rule engine for capturing application semantics in modern web-based systems.

The approach enables to deal with two aspects of semantics in web-based systems: business rules and web service composition logic.

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Future plans

SE 2.0*

Domain centred problem solvingDomain semantics is the key to deal with next

generation technologies

* Dillon T. S, Chang E., Wongthongtham P., "Ontology-Based Software Engineering- Software Engineering 2.0," aswec, pp. 13-23,  19th Australian Conference on Software Engineering (aswec 2008), 2008

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Ontology-based SE

Use of ontologies in different aspects of software engineeringOntology Based Multi-Site Software

Development Ontology Mediated Information Access Ontology and Semantic Web ServicesOntology based Multi Agent Systems