Dr. J D Singh Asst. Professor

G V (PG) College of Education (CTE)Sangaria-335063, Rajasthan.

Email: drjdsingh@gmail.com

Outline of presentationOutline of presentation

Introduction Introduction Current Scenario in IndiaCurrent Scenario in IndiaMajor Problems, Issues and ChallengesMajor Problems, Issues and ChallengesSuggestions for improving higher EducationSuggestions for improving higher EducationConclusionConclusion

IntroductionIntroduction

Quality life of the people of any country largely rest on the quality of education and research.

There are three broad categories of the higher education institutions in India, centrally funded institutions, state funded institutions and private institutions.

India's higher education system is the world's third largest in terms of students, next to China and the United States.

At present, we are looking towards goal oriented teaching and research.

Current Scenario of Higher Current Scenario of Higher EducationEducationAt present, the world-class institutions in India

are mainly limited. Demand for higher education in the country is increasing by 15% to 17% every year.

Total faculty shortage in higher education is 3.5 lac. There is 40% and 35% shortage of faculty in state and central universities, respectively.

Most of the Indian colleges and universities lack in high-end teaching and research facilities.

India educates approximately 18.8 % of its youth in higher education as compared to 28 percent in China and 91 percent to South Korea.

Current Scenario of Higher EducationCurrent Scenario of Higher EducationIndia’s GER of 18.8% is much below the

world average of 27%. With 700 universities and more than

35,000 affiliated colleges enrolling more than 20 million (i.e. 2 crore) students.

At present NAAC is assessing and accrediting to Universities/Colleges.

62% of universities and 90% of colleges are average or below average on the basis of their NAAC accreditation on quality parameters.

Current Scenario of Higher EducationCurrent Scenario of Higher EducationAccording to the London Times Higher Education

World University Rankings powered by Thomson Reuters (2012-13), no Indian university features among the first 100. But universities in East Asia have been included in the first hundred.

Hong Kong has two, ranked at 35 and 65; Singapore two ranked at 29 and 86 and South Korea three ranked at 50, 59 and 68th position. Notably, China's Peking University and Tsinghua University are ranked at 46 and 52 respectively.

There is no Indian university in the rankings from 100 to 200. Only two Institutes namely IIT, Kharagpur and Bombay exist in 200 to 300.

Current Scenario of Higher EducationCurrent Scenario of Higher Education

The student ratio in the country is a whopping 1: 20.9 whereas according to the UGC’s own standards, it should be only 1: 13.5 (1: 12 for postgraduate students and 1: 15 for undergraduate students).

Currently, the Government spends around 3.8% of its GDP on education. The Knowledge Commission additionally recommends an increase of at least 1.5% of GDP for higher education out of a total of at least 6% of GDP for education overall.

Current Scenario of Higher EducationCurrent Scenario of Higher Education0.81% of GDP expends on research &

development in the field of Science & Technology as compared to 2.79% in the USA, Israel (5.11 %), Japan (3.45 %), 1.23% in China and almost 3% in South Korea.

32.5% contribution of published research papers is of USA researchers in the world while only 2.5% contribution is Indian scholars that always been under criticism for not being innovative, original and of high quality.

Universities for Research & Innovation Bill 2012, which envisages setting up of universities of excellence is pending in the parliament.

Problems,Problems, Issues Issues and and ChallengesChallenges

Quality education according to global standards

Inadequate financial resources, incentives and motivation

Work load of faculty and Overcrowded classrooms

Shortage of qualified and dedicated facultyLack of up-to-date library, books and Internet

search skills and materials on higher education Less strengthen workshops and partnership

between universities and schools to prepare teachers.

Problems,Problems, Issues Issues and and ChallengesChallenges

The NKC recommends creation of 1,500 colleges and universities over the next several years to roughly double that percentage

Japan has 4,000 universities for its 127 million people,

The US has 5,850 universities for its 331 million,

India has only 700 universities level Institutions for its 1.2 billion people.

The Commission estimates that 160,000 Indians are studying abroad, spending an estimated $4 billion a year.

Problems,Problems, Issues Issues and and ChallengesChallenges

Lack of enthusiasm for technology among academics

Lack of work cultureLack of Outstanding quality of research

and teachingLow extension of Research towards local

application of global knowledge pool200 universities and 3000  colleges/

institutions have been accredited by NAAC so far.  It is a big challenge to accredit other universities and colleges.

Suggestions for Improving Higher EducationSuggestions for Improving Higher Education

World Class Education- India should aspire for the international standard in education. To achieve that goal it should adopt uniform international syllabus in its educational institutions.

High quality faculty- The need of the hour is to create a conducive environment and provide incentives to attract and retain high quality faculty. Digital talking books can be used to assist with lectures for recordings, audio needs, and taking notes.

Suggestions for Improving Higher Suggestions for Improving Higher EducationEducation

To Increase Quantity of Universities and Colleges- We need more universities because we are more in number and present number of universities is too less.

High-Tech Libraries- Indian universities should concentrate more on providing quality education and excellent library facilities which is comparable to that of international standards.

Multi-disciplinary Mission mode Research and Innovation Programmes- The UGC, ICSSR and other research funding bodies should encourage inter/multi-disciplinary Seminars/ Conferences/ Research projects.

Suggestions for Improving Higher EducationSuggestions for Improving Higher EducationIndustry and Academia Connection-

Industry and Academia connect necessary to ensure curriculum and skills in line with requirements.

Incentives to Teachers and Researchers- Incentives should be provided to teachers and researchers to make these professions more attractive for the younger generation.

Professionally dedicated Faculty- faculty members should manage time well in teaching and research related tasks, discussing in committees and meetings, interacting with students and others.

Suggestions for Improving Higher EducationSuggestions for Improving Higher EducationPublic Private Partnership- Public Private

Partnership (PPP) is most essential to bring in quality in the higher education system.

International Cooperation- Government should encourage foreign universities to come to India to set up independent operations or collaborate with existing Indian Institutions.

Action Plan for Improving Quality- Practitioners would need to emphasize practical, action-oriented research that can easily be applied in solving particular problems facing education.

Suggestions for Improving Higher EducationSuggestions for Improving Higher EducationRegular Monitoring And Evaluation-

There should be regular monitoring and evaluation of teaching and research in the universities and other institutions of higher learning.

Innovative Research Practices- Teachers should be encouraged to attend various Conventions, Conferences, Seminars, Workshops in their disciplines to update their subject know how.

Suggestions for Improving Higher EducationSuggestions for Improving Higher Education

Better Implement of newly launched ambitious programme Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) to revamp the higher education effectively.

It is a new centrally sponsored scheme for higher education which will spread over two plan periods (XIIth and XIIIth) to improve access, equity and quality in higher education at the state level. It is proposed to improve the Gross Enrolment Ratio from 19% at present to 30% by 2020.

ConclusionConclusionIn this New Millennium, higher

education in India is needed for growth and utilization of best practices.

Research and Teaching learning practices should become the target of researchers, policy makers, program designers, implementers, and evaluators to raise the level of its quality keeping in view the international standards and create positive development in the society.

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