exam 2 learning in a natural environment special case... flower learning
DESCRIPTION
PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #18: ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING IN HONEYBEES I. exam 2 learning in a natural environment special case... flower learning odor learning in the proboscis extension reflex summary. PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #18: ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING IN HONEYBEES I. exam 2 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
exam 2
learning in a natural environment
special case... flower learning
odor learning in the proboscis extension reflex
summary
PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY#18: ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING IN HONEYBEES I
exam 2
learning in a natural environment
special case... flower learning
odor learning in the proboscis extension reflex
summary
PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY#18: ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING IN HONEYBEES I
X F D- D D+ C- C C+ B- B B+ A- A0
5
10
15
20Exam 2
X = 75.6 / B-
n = 5803.29.07
# S
TU
DE
NT
S
GRADE
EXAM 2
MULTIPLE CHOICE vs WRITTEN EXAMS
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 5512
15
18
21
24
27
30
33E
xam
2
Exam 1
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order Hymenoptera, family Apidae, Apis melifera haplo-diploid: queen, haploid drones, sterile workers
HONEYBEES
originate in S. Asia, now ~ cosmopolitan live in highly social, permanent colonies hive population... 5K to 35K, max 60K workers
HONEYBEES
life cycle
HONEYBEES
forage for pollen (protein) & nectar (carbohydrate) fantastic learners encode complex environmental features in seconds... remembers it for lifetime small brain – about 1 mm3 = ~ neurons
HONEYBEES
breeding honey sting defense Africanized
HONEYBEES
types of worker bees cleaners nurses hive, undertakers guards recruits foragers scouts
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
carry pollen & nectar in pollen sacks on hind legs deposit in hive, communicate with recruits
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
foraging cycle flight out at food source flight back waggle dance
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
foraging cycle flight out – visual memory of environment
hover at hive landmarks during flight use sun and polarized light
at food source flight back waggle dance
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
foraging cycle flight out at food source – visual memory of environment
recruits – have olfactory memory of flower foragers remember physical features of flowers
flight back waggle dance
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
foraging cycle flight out at food source flight back – visual memory of environment
can be several miles also use “vector memory”
waggle dance
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
foraging cycle flight out at food source flight back waggle dance
scout encodes food / sun relationship
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
foraging cycle flight out at food source flight back waggle dance
@ hive, dances on comb surface (~ language!) nectar & odor recruits (~ reward?) content, distance & direction of flower patch experiments with robot bee dancers also for communicating potential new hive site
LEARNING IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
flower constancy: bees tend to prefer 1 type of flower can distinguish 1 flower from another what physical attibutes?
color? odor?
FLOWER LEARNING
test associating color with reward feeding station with honey solution train on 1 color (blue, pink in picture) test on others remember paired color
FLOWER LEARNING
illuminated disc experiment train bees to feed with no illuminated disc test with two different colors, measure preferences adjust intensity to = trained & tested on “normalized” colors
FLOWER LEARNING
learning curves for different wavelengths of light bees learn
violet best others less blue-green worst
FLOWER LEARNING
how long do bees remember? train: blue light + sucrose test blue vs yellow 1 trial training... stable memory for days 3 trial training... permanent memory
FLOWER LEARNING
how long do bees remember? train: blue light + sucrose test blue vs yellow stable memory for days strength different when measured at different times after training ecological implications
FLOWER LEARNING
timing of stimuli + reward critical color turned on at different times during training learn color in short time window
3 s before landing 2 s after landing before reward
FLOWER LEARNING
timing of stimuli + reward critical color turned on at different times during training learn color in short time window
3 s before landing 2 s after landing before reward sensory memory ignore later colors
FLOWER LEARNING
not only color, shapes & patterns can also be learned all features integrated whole change 1 feature (e.g., odor) entirely new “flower” all other features need to be relearned context important
FLOWER LEARNING
not only color, shapes & patterns can also be learned bees learn complementary patterns...
FLOWER LEARNING
not only color, shapes & patterns can also be learned bees learn symmetry of patterns...
FLOWER LEARNING
not only color, shapes & patterns can also be learned bees learn symmetry of patterns... trained on patterns... for either
symmetrical asymmetrical
FLOWER LEARNING
not only color, shapes & patterns can also be learned bees learn symmetry of patterns... trained on patterns... for either
symmetrical asymmetrical
tested on patterns... either symmetrical asymmetrical
FLOWER LEARNING
not only color, shapes & patterns can also be learned bees learn symmetry of patterns... learned according to
choice frequency proximity to correct choice amount of time at correct choice
what is going on in the brain?
FLOWER LEARNING
BREAK … but first …