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Evolution towards TETRA+LTE
El Futuro De Las Redes De Emergencias @ Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Junio 2014
Critical Communications
Why broadband for PMR users?
• Real-time transmission
• Low latency
• Medium to high quality
General-purpose VIDEO TRANSMISSION
• Vehicle registration plate reader
• Fingerprint reader
• Facial recognition
PUBLIC SAFETY operational applications
• Maps & building plans access
• Multi-vital sign data, real-time patient status exchange
• Environmental sensors
FIRST RESPONDERS exchanging critical
information
Existing PMR technologies cannot deliver enough data throughput to meet the upcoming demands from professional radio users
2
With no doubt, REAL-TIME VIDEO TRANSMISSION is the main reason for broadband in PMR.
© Teltronic, 2014
What makes PMR world different?
Very fast call set-up
System availability: Anytime, anywhere
Congestion control: Services, access priorities, pre-emption
Group (voice) communications
Mobility (true seamless handover)
Encrypted communications
Customized devices (robustness, reliability)
Direct Mode Operation (non-infrastructure modes)
Interconnection with other systems / technologies
CR
ITIC
AL
CO
MM
UN
ICA
TIO
NS
Large cell coverage. Same level of service everywhere within the cell
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• Full coverage, fewer users / km2. • Main focus is service. • Adequate investment to needs. • Full time availability is a MUST. • Full service strategy.
• Large coverage, many users / km2. • Main focus is business. • Maximize ROI (Return On Investment). • Full time availability is DESIRABLE. • Best effort strategy.
COMMERCIAL NETWORKS
CRITICAL COMMS SYSTEMS
Built from a different perspective
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Both networks may share the technology, but do not share objectives and strategies
4G IMT-Advanced
3G IMT-2000
2G 1G
Wireless technology evolution
TACS GSM GPRS
/EDGE UMTS
(3GPP R99)
HSPA
(3GPP R6 & R7)
LTE (3GPP
R8 & R9)
LTE-Advanced (3GPP R10)
AMPS CDMA-
One CDMA-2000
1xEVDO
Mobile WiMAX
IEEE 802.16e
WirelessMAN Advanced
IEEE 802.16m
MPT-1327
TETRA TEDS
5
WiMAX IEEE
802.16d
Four generations of radio communication standards:
© Teltronic, 2014
PMR vs 4G: protocol stacks
VOICE
MAC
UHF Radio
SERVICES (TETRA)
DATA
Built for voice & messages from scratch.
Services are part of the protocol stack.
Priority and pre-emption are native attributes for all communications.
Focused in best coverage: UHF frequency bands.
PMR (TETRA)
MAC
Gigahertz Radio UHF Radio
IP DATA
Built for generic data communications.
Newest standards cover QoS.
Standard mechanisms over IP, protocol overhead.
Network tuned to maximize capacity.
No management for congestion control. Services and applications are not part of the standard.
4G (LTE / WiMAX)
USER SERV & APP
VOICE
SERVICES (PMR)
IP DATA
UHF Radio
MAC (4G family)
Native protocol for voice and messages.
Standardized services layer.
PMR-like QoS definition.
Management for congestion control.
UHF frequency bands.
Ideal BroadbandPMR
NOT YET AVAILABLE >>> Interoperability at service level?
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LTE as de facto future PMR standard
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• State-of-the-art radio interface.
• First 3GPP worldwide standard for every region.
• Widely adopted by telecom operators.
Technological reasons
• The industry avoids to define a new Broadband PMR standard from scratch.
• Users are confident in commercial mass market to lower the price of terminals.
Monetary reasons
• January 2011: US Government decision to adopt LTE technology to meet future Public Safety operational needs.
Strong early adopters
© Teltronic, 2014
Regulatory aspects: Spectrum
Spain • 5+5 MHz allocated for Public Safety (PSS) purposes in 450 MHz band. • Availability of spectrum from February 2013, limited to big cities, where this spectrum is currently
assigned to narrowband PMR users (30% occupancy). • This frequency band will be fully intended for PSS services from 2018.
Europe • In general, waiting for the World Radio Conference (WRC) in Nov 2015 and the results of the second
Digital Dividend. • Meanwhile in some countries, like France, frequencies in 400 MHz band are assigned to PSS.
North America • In USA, Band 14 (10+10 MHz spectrum) is assigned for the National Broadband network for First
Responders (FirstNet). • Spectrum allocated from 2008. Now in process of deploying / demonstrating first small systems.
Asia & UAE • Trend focuses to 700 MHz band.
Australia • Harmonizing efforts to use 800 MHz spectrum.
Brazil • Progress towards 700 MHz band.
Latin America • No decision about harmonized spectrum. It is likely to follow the USA model.
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Why TETRA and LTE? A proposal from the PMR industry addressing needs and expectations from the users.
TETRA+LTE: a winning combination
Integrated network management
Services coordination.
Unified network management.
End-to-end applications (technology transparent) at user interface level.
Gateways to other radio access and fixed systems.
TETRA Radio Access
Managing the pure PMR critical services: Voice and short messages.
Acting as “control channel” for the integrated network.
Can still offer data services by using multislot operation.
Full availability in case of 3G/4G network failure or congestion.
Full coverage.
Non-infrastructure operation modes.
LTE Radio Access
Acting as an overlay network for the non-critical data-demanding services (mainly video) with additional advanced management features based on TETRA.
In privately owned LTE networks, data services can become critical by adding a PMR-grade layer to the LTE technology.
+
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eNEBULA TETRA + LTE: overall architecture
TETR
A R
adio
Acc
ess
In
fras
tru
ctu
re
LTE
Rad
io A
cce
ss
Infr
astr
uct
ure
Network Management
System
Inte
r-sy
ste
m
Gat
ew
ays
Communications Manager
Infrastructure Equipment
CAD – Infrastructure
Interface
LTE Radio Interface
TETRA Radio Interface
User Device
Communications Manager
Vo
ice
HM
I
Vid
eo
HM
I
WEB
Clie
nt
E-m
ail C
lien
t
GP
S N
avig
atio
n
Oth
er
Ap
plic
atio
ns
User Device (n)
. . . Computer-Aided Dispatch /
Command & Control Equipment
Co
ntr
ol C
en
ter
Dis
pat
che
r
Vid
eo
Su
pe
rvis
or
WEB
Clie
nt
E-m
ail C
lien
t
GIS
Oth
er
Ap
plic
atio
ns
Communications Manager
Ap
plic
atio
n
Serv
ers
Inte
r-sy
ste
m
Gat
ew
ays
CA
D –
In
fras
tru
ctu
re
Inte
rfac
e
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TETRA + LTE: a migration path (i)
TETRA Network Management System
Coordination Centre
NEBULA TETRA Central Node & App Servers
TETRA network
Ad-hoc Quick Deployment
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TETRA + LTE: a migration path (ii)
TETRA+LTE Network Management System
Coordination Centre
eNEBULA TETRA+LTE
Central Node & App Servers
TETRA+LTE network
Ad-hoc Quick Deployment
13 © Teltronic, 2014
Upgrading from NEBULA to eNEBULA
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• To install LTE base stations. Number of sites required will depend on minimum uplink throughput expected at the cell coverage edge:
• Number of sites could be increased 2x -6x in order to allow several Mbps on the UL.
Radio Access
• To increase computing capacity to serve LTE functionality requirements: • To keep same ATCA hardware architecture for TETRA and LTE central node entities.
• To increment number of ATCA cards for running TETRA and LTE protocol stack upper entities.
• For existing small networks, some additional ATCA hardware may be required.
Central Node
• To deploy LTE and TETRA+LTE user equipment (personal and vehicular devices).
• To upgrade app software to support new features: NMS, coordination centre, vehicle consoles and user equipment.
• To upgrade backhaul / radio links where needed: • 20-30 Mbps are typically required by each LTE base station.
Other subsystems
© Teltronic, 2014
Benefits of a TETRA + LTE solution
Future-proof
• Ready for future enhancements in technology and services.
• Also a mid-step towards a long-term future Broadband PMR standard.
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Unified user experience
• User does not take care about the technology itself, but about the services and applications.
Best of both worlds
• TETRA brings the PMR-grade service (network availability, congestion control).
• LTE contributes with the maximum throughput.
Flexible model
• Solution can be adapted according to business exploitation model: Shared/public or private networks.
• Possibilities to get broadband spectrum in different frequency bands.
Controlled investment
• Reduces the required CAPEX and protects the existing investments in narrowband (TETRA).
• Teltronic has developed a 100% owned LTE design that natively integrated with its TETRA infrastructure: the new evolved NEBULA.
• Therefore both TETRA and LTE benefits of a robustness design exclusively focused in PMR.
• Fully scalable architecture from rapid deployment units to large national networks.
• An owned design enables full customization of the solution for vertical markets.
• Optimizes CAPEX when deployed jointly with TETRA: same cabinets, shared power supply, controllers, etc.
• Optimizes OPEX: common spares for both technologies, same design minimizes training.
• eNEBULA provides a single and integrated network concept.
• TETRA services can be provided over LTE to interconnect TETRA and LTE user devices.
• Solutions and apps that get the most of your LTE network.
• Enables a soft investment in LTE technology that can be deployed gradually.
• Teltronic offers a progressive migration path to TETRA+LTE considering future investments in TETRA together with a scalable evolution towards LTE.
Final highlights
TETRA and LTE will co-exist for long time
• LTE will not start replacing TETRA at least in a decade.
• Early adopters could start using commercial LTE networks for ease to access the broadband experience.
• An affordable migration path towards TETRA+LTE is the key to allow the PMR users to begin to gradually integrate broadband services in their operational procedures with full warranties.
The road towards a future pure PMR LTE
• LTE R8 does not include PMR attributes. Further 3GPP releases should cover this gap in the long term. This is an opportunity for the PMR industry to offer specific features that differentiate their solutions from commercial LTE.
• Every market segment will probably require product customization at service and application level. It is time to listen to our customers to anticipate their needs.
Broadband spectrum for PMR: Attention required!
• Current discussion seems to be more focused in a business perspective (commercial networks) more than a service perspective (professional networks).
• Ongoing decisions can seriously affect to the PMR community (users and industry).
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