Evolution of Drawing as an engineering discipline

presented to Dr. MA Rashid Sarkar

Aashique Alam Rezwan

presented by Anindya Sundar Paul, 07 Md. Sadun Haq, 41

Drawing

ENGINEERING

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DRAWING

Drawing

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DRAWING a language a method for communication

Drawing

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Engineering Drawing

ENGINEERING DRAWING is a medium or language for

communication between various people involved in design and manufacturing process

of machines, buildings, vehicles etc.

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HISTORY

History

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When did it all start? Where did it come from? What’s its origin?

Let’s find out!

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CLASSIC ERA

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Classic Era

Chaldean Engineer

GUDEA

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Classic Era Gudea

2130 BC

floor plan of a fortress

inscribed on stone

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Classic Era

Roman Architect and Engineer

VITRUVIUS 80 BC – 15 BC

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Classic Era Vitruvius

De Architectura

drawings of buildings, temples, weapons

antique machineries

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Classic Era Vitruvius De Architectura

Greek

house

plan

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Classic Era Vitruvius De Architectura

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Classic Era Vitruvius De Architectura

Drainage Wheel

used in mines discovered at

Rio Tinto, Spain

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Classic Era Vitruvius

also studied on the geometry of human body

(later depicted by Leonardo da Vinci)

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Classic Era

lot more drawings were made unluckily none of those could

survive to the present era

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GOTHIC ERA

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Gothic Era

VILLARD DE HONNECOURT

13th Century

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

some sketches were found in Honnecourt’s sketch book

but they didn’t demonstrate any feature of technical drawing

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

the sketches demonstrate a range of ephemera

from the world of cathedrals

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

the sketches seem partial and lack explicit

orthographic views or dimensions

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

the drawings were more gothic iconic than

modern mechanical

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Gothic Era

GUIDO DA VIGEVANO

1280 - 1349

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Gothic Era Guido da Vigevano

book of siege engine designs 1335

reveals importance of these drawings as a tool for attracting patronage

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Gothic Era Guido da Vigevano

Crank Wagon first of its kind

considered to be the first car

uses force generated by a windmill

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Gothic Era

masons who actually constructed had their own documentary conventions

due to lack of common dimensioning process

the design drawings were highly abstract

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RENAISSANCE ERA

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Renaissance Era

TACCOLA 1382 - 1453 early renaissance

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Renaissance Era Taccola

Piston Pump use of perspective to

accurately portray inventions and machines

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Renaissance Era Taccola

Animal Powered Machine

very clear use of shading to define perspective

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Renaissance Era Taccola

Vitruvian Man

Overbalanced Wheel

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Renaissance Era Taccola

used drawing not as a

means of documentation

rather as a way of iterating

through design possibilities

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Renaissance Era

FRANCESCO DI GIORGIO MARTINI

Military Engineer

1439 – 1502

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Renaissance Era Giorgio Martini

executed many

architectural designs which

were found in his book

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Renaissance Era

LEONARDO DA VINCI

1452 - 1519

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci

first evidence of modern

engineering drawing

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci

features like

exploded views

assembly drawings

detailed cutaways

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci Some of his works

Fly Machine Vitruvian Man

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci

the documentation

almost resembles

modern engineering drawing

and documentation process

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Renaissance Era

Albrecht Dürer

1471 - 1528

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Renaissance Era Albrecht Dürer

features like projected views were absent in

Leonardo da Vinci’s drawings whereas they were

present in Albrecht Dürer’s drawings

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Renaissance Era

despite the beauty and the technical

features, drawings of this era lacked some

crucial features like dimensioning

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INDUSTRIAL ERA

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Industrial Era

GASPARD MONGE 1746 - 1818

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Industrial Era Gaspard Monge

developed a geometrical approach for determining the

true shape of planes of intersection between

generated forms

thus set up the base for orthographic views

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Industrial Era

SIR JOHN HERSCHEL

1792 - 1871

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Industrial Era Sir John Herschel

discovered blueprint in 1840

introduced in USA

in 1876

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Industrial Era

Drafting Machine

invented in 1920 drawing parallel lines angled lines became

really fast

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COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING (CAD)

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Computer Aided Drafting

COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING is a software that allows us to

do engineering drawing in the computer, saving cost and

instrument space

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Computer Aided Drafting

EUCLID of ALEXANDRIA

350 BC

todays CAD softwares are built upon

euclidean geometry

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Computer Aided Drafting

Sketch Pad early 1960s

developed by Ivan Sutherland

first true CAD software

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Computer Aided Drafting

CATIA

French aerospace company Avions Marcel Dassault

began developing CATIA (Computer Aided Three Dimensional Interactive

Application)

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Computer Aided Drafting

AutoCAD IBM first introduced pc in 1981 and AutoDesk was founded in 1982 they demonstrated the

first CAD for pc “AutoCAD Version 1”

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Computer Aided Drafting

3D Sketchpad Pro/Engineer in 1987 Parametric

Technology Corp. took the sketchpad idea and

developed 3d sketchpad with lightpen

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Computer Aided Drafting

Mechanical Desktop released by

AutoDesk in 1996 first full-function 3d

solid modeling CAD software

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Computer Aided Drafting

AutoCAD 2000i

first web enabled CAD software

provided the ability to output drawings that could be viewed with

a web browser

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Computer Aided Drafting

Rapid Prototyping

group of techniques used to quickly

fabricate a scale model of a physical

part or assembly using 3d CAD data

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Computer Aided Drafting

3D Printing CAD designs are used

to directly print 3d objects using 3d printers

users can design and

print according to their own demand

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Computer Aided Drafting

this is how it was

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Computer Aided Drafting

this is how it is

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THANK YOU