evidence of evolution. fossils provide evidence animal fossils show a pattern of development from...
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Evidence of Evolution
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Fossils Provide
EvidenceAnimal fossils show a
pattern of development from early ancestors to
their modern descendants.
There are gaps in the fossil record.
Fossils are rare
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wallsofthewild.com/pterodactyl.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wallsofthewild.com/pter.htm&usg=__9caIuOdNvnUNeTtJd_BwijJIK5M=&h=479&w=800&sz=100&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=vSsuBQ-o-EFlxM:&tbnh=131&tbnw=219&ei=-6ahTYjRF6iU0QGo5JSEBQ&prev=/images%3Fq
%3Dpterodactyl%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1G1GGLQ_ENUS398%26biw%3D1438%26bih%3D680%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=1109&vpy=148&dur=1895&hovh=174&hovw=290&tx=91&ty=85&oei=-6ahTYjRF6iU0QGo5JSEBQ&page=1&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0
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FOSSIL:The preserved or
mineralized remains (bone, petrified tree,
tooth, or shell) or imprint of an organism
that lived long ago.
http://www.maropeng.co.za/images/uploads/fossil_lg.jpg
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Three Major Points
• Earth is about 4.5 billion years old
• Organisms have inhabited the earth for most of its history
• All organisms living today evolved from earlier, simpler life-forms.
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Crinoid fossil
Found in an 800 MILLION year old rock
from Indianahttp://
www.youtube.com/watch?
v=cZcomBnNKXg
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Paleontologist
Scientist who studies fossils.
http://blogs.answersingenesis.org/museum/pictures/Dino-dig-8-30-06-0151.jpg
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Paleontology
• Paleontologists can determine how old fossils are.
• They use radiometric dating to determine the half life.
• http://www.furryelephant.com/content/radioactivity/half-life-simulation/
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Evolution of Whales
http://biologos.org/uploads/static-content/Figure_1.png
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Biological Molecules Provide Evidence
Proteins
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins
Amino acid + amino acid + amino acid = PROTEIN
The more amino acids two species have in common, the more closely related they are.
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Hemoglobin Comparisons with humans
SpeciesAmino Acid differences
Gorilla 1
Rhesus monkey 8
Mouse 27
Chicken 45
Frog 67
Lamprey 125
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Biological Molecules Provide Evidence
Nucleic Acids
Scientists can determine the number of nucleotide differences among organisms to see how closely
related they are.
They make DNA comparisons.
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Anatomy & Development Suggest
Common AncestryVestigial Structures
Homologous Structures
Development of Embryos
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Vestigial structures:
Structures that are present in an organism but are
reduced in size and are no longer useful.
Examples: Wings of flightless birds, fingernails
on manatee fins, and goosebumps (not a
structure but a reaction).
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Homologous structures
Structures that similar in form but different in
function.
Examples: Forelimbs of vertebrates
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Development of Embryos
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Guess the Embryo
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/evolution/guess-embryo.html