evaluation of universiti malaysia pahang online …

EVALUATION OF UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG ONLINE

RESOURCES ACCESS WITH MOBILE TECHNOLOGY TOWARDS

STRATEGIC KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

Aziman bin Abdullah

Faculty of Computer Systems & Software Engineering

Universiti Malaysia Pahang,

Lebuh Raya Tun Razak, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

[email protected]

Rahmah binti Mokhtar, Dr.

Faculty of Computer Systems & Software Engineering



[email protected]

Amelia binti Hasan

Library Department



[email protected]

Abstract

In knowledge-based economy, the role of institute of the higher education is very important in

shaping the future landscape of a country not only to supply the human capital but also to

prepare the people to venture into a changing world economy. Therefore, the function of the

related department such as the library in which responsible to manage the knowledge of the

institution also becomes more challenging than before. Mobile technology, smart phone in

particular, is very useful device not only to access information but it also able to create a new

information. This information can be regard as a new knowledge as well. The purpose of our

study is to evaluate the Universiti Malaysia Pahang library readiness for implementation of

mobile technology such as smart phone and tablet towards strategic knowledge management.

We analyzed the data based on the online tracking services provided by Google Analytics

services that has been embedded in the two websites that offering the users to access the

online materials. The scope of observed data is for four years only, 2011 until 2014. We

found that there are more than 248 different devices been used to access the online resources

representing 2.13% of overall sessions or typical access through desktop web browsers. The

time series analysis using central moving average on segmented quarterly for four years data

shows there is a linear incremental pattern of user access by mobile technology. We predict

based on the four years data using linear regression analysis. The result shows 35% of

incremental is expected for the next year 2015. To conclude, it is very crucial for the library

management to consider of taking advantage of the mobile technology particularly smart

phone users towards strategic knowledge management.

Keywords : Smart phone, strategic knowledge management, user analytics

INTRODUCTION

In 21st centuries, the economy landscape has change towards knowledge-based economy.

Responding to the global and local context of society needs, the Malaysia government has

implemented two major transformation programmes namely as Government Transformation

Programme (GTP) and Economy Transformation Programme (ETP). Both programmes

highlighted the important and critical necessity of Information and Communication

Technology (ICT) to be effectively been used towards the success of the government policies.

A blueprint of ICT Public Sector Strategic Planning 2011-2015 (MAMPU, 2011), which

developed and published by Malaysian Administrative Modernizations and Management

Planning Unit (MAMPU) shown that Malaysia's government is committed in using ICT

especially in developing the country. This scenario seems directly demands a new strategic

changes of the Institute of Higher Education as the main provider of human capital or talent

for both public and private sectors in a country. Respond to the job market, where innovation

become a strategic valuable tool or asset for sustainable development, the way on how we

manage our knowledge become more critical. It also require more effective assisted

technology. In fact, quality of university campus facilities are directly affected the academic

programme accreditation based on the Malaysia Qualification Framework (Keating, 2011).

Therefore, public university in particular the library, which is positively correlated with

student success (Miller, 2013), should respond to this new demand. This paper will assess the

utilization of library online services and evaluate the potential of using mobile technology

particularly smart phone and tablet towards strategic knowledge management.

MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

Mobile technology is a fast growing technology that significantly changes most people

manage their work and life (Boretos, 2007). With the Internet convergence, these powerful

technologies become irrefutable for the Malaysia government towards developed country in

the year 2020. Mobile technology could provide opportunity for offering new library services

which would be critical for reshaping scholarship, study, research as well as librarianship

(Hahn, 2008). For example, using smart phone camera to scan the books barcode (Chen, Tsai,

Girod, Hsu, & Kim, 2010) and to access reader's comment about the book during physical

browsing in the library. This approach could possibly increase the interest of the users to

enter the library. As for the librarian, the use of visualization on mobile technology could

offer a more convenience task for managing book collection and retrieval to the shelves

(Jervis & Masoodian, 2013).

STRATEGIC KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

There are many challenges in making knowledge management a success. Implementation of

technology can be a success factor or a potential failure factor (Frost, 2014). Mobile

technology, specifically smart phone as claimed by Carayannis, Clark, & Valvi, 2013 can be

used for strategic knowledge management. If the smart phone can somehow change how

its’user behaves (Kim, Briley, & Ocepek, 2015), that means it can be used as a potential

catalyst for institutional or organizational change. Figure 1 illustrates our concept on how

mobile technology, particularly smart phone can be used towards strategic knowledge

management.

up with student or staff personal information from

details, various model

users or real respond to the

smart phone

renewing or even viewing personal historical borrowed books, time and location can be

traced with

the respective officer

including managing the user

contribute to add ne

phone. Responding to a

reflect the effectiveness of the services.

role of the library users now can be more active in producing knowledge instead of accessing

the knowledge solely

customer to rate on demand or on site the quality of service provided the library.

Although the term knowledge management itself is broad, our emphasize in this paper is on

the access to the knowledge

analyzed to be use as a basis for designing a strategic plan for knowledge management

METHODOLOGY

Our primary data

access the

for the website is

service

track user or visitor behaviour

that installed with the GA tracking code.

party service provider to collect data

This web analytics

access.

management. User profile could capture details


ails, various model

or real respond to the

smart phone either to enter the library


traced with smart phone

the respective officer

including managing the user

contribute to add ne

. Responding to a



knowledge solely


Figure 1 : Concept of


access to the knowledge


METHODOLOGY

primary data are

access the various

for the website is

(Yang & Perrin, 2014)




web analytics

access. Figure 2 shows the screen capture of the Google Analytics dashboard.

User profile could capture details


ails, various models or pattern

or real respond to the

either to enter the library


smart phone access.

the respective officer. It also can be a

including managing the user.

contribute to add new knowledge in the institution

. Responding to a user



knowledge solely (Pan et al., 2015)


Figure 1 : Concept of


access to the knowledge


METHODOLOGY

are from quantitative analysis of

various publication

for the website is http://ezproxy.ump.edu.my

(Yang & Perrin, 2014)




web analytics service could

Figure 2 shows the screen capture of the Google Analytics dashboard.

User profile could capture details


or pattern can be develop

or real respond to the library services.

either to enter the library, circulation services such as


access. This detail

. It also can be a better strategi

. User feedback can be seen as a new

w knowledge in the institution

user survey, for example

reflect the effectiveness of the services. With the spreading adoption of social networking, the


(Pan et al., 2015)


Figure 1 : Concept of Smart phone


access to the knowledge resource and how those access information can be further


from quantitative analysis of

publications such as online

http://ezproxy.ump.edu.my

(Yang & Perrin, 2014). Google Analytics

track user or visitor behaviour (Barba, Cassidy, De Leon, & Williams, 2013)


party service provider to collect data from client

service could provide a real time monitoring capability to monitor user


User profile could capture details information about the user who

up with student or staff personal information from the

can be developed

library services. Any

, circulation services such as


This detail can be

better strategi

ser feedback can be seen as a new

w knowledge in the institution, by providing

for example,

With the spreading adoption of social networking, the


(Pan et al., 2015). User feedback also can be used for


Smart phone


resource and how those access information can be further


from quantitative analysis of

online database

http://ezproxy.ump.edu.my and has been installed with

Google Analytics (GA)

(Barba, Cassidy, De Leon, & Williams, 2013)

that installed with the GA tracking code. This code enable

from clients or

provide a real time monitoring capability to monitor user


information about the user who

the central enterprise database. With these

ed to understand the relationship

Any library services that accessible through

, circulation services such as


can be further analyzed to provide

better strategize for the library

ser feedback can be seen as a new

by providing

on quality of service could contribute to



User feedback also can be used for


modules for library user




from quantitative analysis of online access

databases and online

has been installed with

(GA) is an analytic technology that used to


This code enables the Google

or devices to its central server for analysis



information about the user who

l enterprise database. With these

to understand the relationship

services that accessible through

, circulation services such as books borrowing and


analyzed to provide

for the library knowledge

ser feedback can be seen as a new approach

by providing instant access through




User feedback also can be used for






online access on UMP library

online journals

has been installed with

analytic technology that used to


the Google company

to its central server for analysis



information about the user who can be linked


to understand the relationships with


books borrowing and


analyzed to provide an insight to

knowledge manage

approach on how users can

access through




User feedback also can be used for the user or






UMP library website

journals. The web address

has been installed with Google Analytics


(Barba, Cassidy, De Leon, & Williams, 2013) on the website

company as a third

to its central server for analysis


Figure 2 shows the screen capture of the Google Analytics dashboard. In this study

can be linked


s with the


books borrowing and


insight to

management

how users can

access through smart




the user or



analyzed to be use as a basis for designing a strategic plan for knowledge management.

website to

The web address

Google Analytics


on the website

as a third

to its central server for analysis.


In this study,

we have limited our analysis for

device access

RESULT & DISCUSSION

We access the

compromise 1811 daily records.

each year.

mobile devices.

There are more than 200 different devices used to access the

only present the distribution of the mobile devices based on the manufacturer as what been

tracked by the GA service in Table 2.


device access exclu

RESULT & DISCUSSION

We access the GA


each year. Table 1 shows the seasonality data represent the number of sessions accessed with

mobile devices.

Table 1





excluding the access from

Figure 2 :

RESULT & DISCUSSION

GA service by using administrator account and export the dataset


Table 1 shows the seasonality data represent the number of sessions accessed with

Table 1 : Total Sessions

Year Sessions by Year Quarter

Q1

2011

2012 119

2013 383

2014 586




we have limited our analysis for FFur

ding the access from typical

Figure 2 : Google Analytics Service Dashboard

service by using administrator account and export the dataset

compromise 1811 daily records. We then cluster into seasonality data based on the quarter of


Total Sessions With Mobile Devices

Sessions by Year Quarter

Q1 Q2

9 13

119 203

383 635

586 937




(4) years data from 2011 to 2014

typical computer

Google Analytics Service Dashboard


We then cluster into seasonality data based on the quarter of


With Mobile Devices

Sessions by Year Quarter

Q3 Q4

13 126

261 476

521 908

570 1336



years data from 2011 to 2014

computer (desktop or laptop)





With Mobile Devices Quarter

Total Increament (%)

161

1059

2447

3429



years data from 2011 to 2014

(desktop or laptop)





Quarterly 2011

Annual

Increament (%)

-

558%

131%

40%

There are more than 200 different devices used to access the website. As a


years data from 2011 to 2014 only for mobile

(desktop or laptop).




ly 2011 - 2014

Increament (%)

website. As a summarize, we


only for mobile

service by using administrator account and export the dataset which



summarize, we


Table 2 : Mobile Device Access Distribution based on Manufacturer

Mobile Device Manufacturer Sessions

Apple 2942

Samsung 2638

Sony 284

Lenovo 185

SonyEricsson 141

Asus 90

Microsoft 62

Feiteng 58

HTC 51

Nokia 39

BlackBerry 37

Xiaomi 36

Google 33

Oppo 29

Alcatel 12

Motorola 12

Mozilla 12

Acer 11

Huawei 11

LG 8

Hisense 7

RIM 6

Amazon 4

Sony Ericsson 4

ZTE 3

DoCoMo 1

Ninetology 1

OnePlus 1

Wiko 1

Based on GA service, a session is defined as the period time a user is actively engaged with

the tracked website. We further analyze the seasonal data by using centered moving average

and linear regression method to forecast the mobile device accessing the website on the

following year 2015. In this paper however, we will not discuss in details those method.

Figure

Based on

year trend.

about 35%

We also found that the originated country of the access also not limited to the local country,

Malaysia. Figure

to access the website.

Figure

To justify the strategic value of mobile technology, we extract the data from the GA service

and the finding shows

campus area

0

400

800

1200

1600

Figure 2 : Forecasted sessions on online library services accessed

Based on Figure 2, the number of

year trend. The annual

about 35% for 2015, represent 4623 total number of forecasted sessions.


Malaysia. Figure 3


Figure 3 : Overlay Map of the Originated Countries (Mobile Device Access only)


the finding shows

campus areas only which are Gambang and Pekan

1 2 3

Year 2011

Forecasted sessions on online library services accessed

, the number of

The annual increment

for 2015, represent 4623 total number of forecasted sessions.


3 shows the o


: Overlay Map of the Originated Countries (Mobile Device Access only)


the finding shows that location to

s only which are Gambang and Pekan

4 1

Year 2011 Year 2012

Season


, the number of forecasted sessions

increment of the session accessed with mobile devices is expected



shows the originated countries on an overlay map that used mobile device



location to

s only which are Gambang and Pekan

2 3 4

Year 2012

Season Centered Moving Average(4)


2015

forecasted sessions

of the session accessed with mobile devices is expected



riginated countries on an overlay map that used mobile device



location to access the website

s only which are Gambang and Pekan.

1 2 3

Year 2013

Centered Moving Average(4)


forecasted sessions that shows increment based on the four







access the website is not limited only at the UMP

. Figure 4 shows the

3 4 1

Year 2013

Centered Moving Average(4)

Forecasted sessions on online library services accessed with mobile devices

shows increment based on the four







is not limited only at the UMP

shows the intensit

2 3 4

Year 2014

Forecast

with mobile devices

shows increment based on the four







intensitity of mobile

703

1517

1 2

Year 2015

Forecast

with mobile devices for

shows increment based on the four-







ity of mobile

1517

995

1408

3 4

Year 2015

access based on

another online Google service called Google Fusion Table

Figure 4: Heat Map Visualization intensitity of Mobile Device Access on the Website

CONCLUSION

In strategic knowledge management, the use of technology is a must. However, the

technology itself will not be useful to win or deal with

demands

executives

2013). Based on our analysis, we expected that with the use of mobile technology in strategic

knowledge management will becoming a strong indicator for the university to

leading in the higher educ

developing country.

mobile technology

a result of strategic knowledge management initiatives

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AUTHORS PROFILE

and Internet technology.

(MEIPTA), an e

has involved in architecting the national IT project

involvement on IT

projects

reporting related with environmental issue in an international conference

IT projects in

in International conference

AUTHORS PROFILE

and Internet technology.

(MEIPTA), an e-learning council represented by all public universit


involvement on IT

projects and recently presented a research paper on


IT projects in ICoE, UMP

in International conference

AUTHORS PROFILE

Aziman

Systems and Software Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang

(UMP)

program at the Department of Energy and Environmental System

Engineering,

government scholarship

Internet Computing, 2004 from University of Surrey, UK

Malaysia government

Science, 2000 from Univer

interest are in e

and Internet technology. He was an active member for Majlis E

learning council represented by all public universit


involvement on IT projects in

ecently presented a research paper on


Dr. Rahmah Mokhtar

Computer Systems and Software Engineering, Universiti Malaysia

Pahang

Technology, 2011

research interest are in e

and mobile

national IT project called MyGRANTS and various involvement on

ICoE, UMP. Recently she has presented a research paper on mobile application

in International conference.

Aziman bin Abdullah


(UMP), Malaysia and currently on study leave in a Doctoral degree


Engineering, University of Seoul, South Korea with Malaysia

government scholarship


Malaysia government


interest are in e-learning, data visualization,

He was an active member for Majlis E



in UMP. Previously, he has participated in 16 UMP research



Dr. Rahmah Mokhtar


Pahang (UMP), Malaysia.

Technology, 2011

research interest are in e

and mobile technology.

nal IT project called MyGRANTS and various involvement on

. Recently she has presented a research paper on mobile application

bin Abdullah is a lecturer at the Faculty of Computer


, Malaysia and currently on study leave in a Doctoral degree


University of Seoul, South Korea with Malaysia

government scholarship (SLAI)


Malaysia government support


-learning, data visualization,




Previously, he has participated in 16 UMP research



Dr. Rahmah Mokhtar is a


, Malaysia.

Technology, 2011 from National University of Malaysia. Her

research interest are in e-learning,

technology. She also has involved in architecting the



is a lecturer at the Faculty of Computer





(SLAI). He received his Master degree in


support and Bachelor degree in Computer

Science, 2000 from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. His research

learning, data visualization,



has involved in architecting the national IT project called MyGRANTS


ecently presented a research paper on smart phone


is a senior


, Malaysia. She received h

National University of Malaysia. Her

learning, Information Retrieval

She also has involved in architecting the








. He received his Master degree in


and Bachelor degree in Computer

siti Teknologi Malaysia. His research

learning, data visualization, smart phone

He was an active member for Majlis E-pembelajaran IPTA

learning council represented by all public universities in Malaysia. He also

called MyGRANTS


smart phone technology used for public

reporting related with environmental issue in an international conference organized by UMP

senior lecturer at the Faculty of


e received her Phd.


Information Retrieval













smart phone technology

pembelajaran IPTA

ies in Malaysia. He also

called MyGRANTS and various


technology used for public

organized by UMP

lecturer at the Faculty of


er Phd. In Information


Information Retrieval and Internet










Internet Computing, 2004 from University of Surrey, UK with



technology

pembelajaran IPTA

ies in Malaysia. He also

and various


technology used for public

organized by UMP.

lecturer at the Faculty of


In Information


and Internet




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