evaluated surface drainage problems with data
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Evaluated Surface Drainage Problems with Data. Charles Ellis Kent Shannon Ag Engineering Extension Specialists. Yield Map Interpretation. Man Made Variables Variety Planting date Tillage Compaction Natural Variability Soil fertility Soil type Drainage. Data Sources. Yield Data - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Evaluated Surface Drainage Problems with Data
Charles EllisKent Shannon
Ag Engineering Extension Specialists
Yield Map Interpretation
• Man Made Variables– Variety– Planting date– Tillage– Compaction
• Natural Variability– Soil fertility– Soil type– Drainage
Data Sources
• Yield Data• Aerial Photos• EC Data• Soils
Man Made Variables
• Varieties• Tillage• Planting Date• Compaction• Chemical
Applications• Fertilizer
Applications
Man Made Variables
• Varieties• Tillage• Planting Date• Compaction• Chemical
Applications• Fertilizer
Applications
Natural Variables
Soils
Drainage
Soils
Man Made Variables
Fertility
Field History
Aerial Photos
Man made variables– Compaction– DrainageNatural Variability
Drainage
Aerial Photos
Image• Obtain Aerial Photos• Terraserver• FSA• www.cares.missouri.edu• Show history of field
Soil EC Readings
Surface Drainage
Surface Drainage Affects
• Tillage• Planting Date• Seeding Depth• Emergence• Leaching• Harvesting
97 beans
99 Beans
2003 Beans
Multiple Years of Yield Data
Combining Multiply Years UsingMapCalcExcel
3 yr average bean yield
Combine Elevation
Elevation RTK
Combine and RTK Elevation
Yield and Topography
Pond
Possible Solutions
• Drain Pond• Remove Berm
Around Pond• Drain Field After
Pond Removal• Tillage to help
drainage
2004 corn
Yield variability has diminished.What are the causes?
Bu/A
1997 Corn Grain Yield - ASEQ Field 1; Centralia, MO
Ranking of Yield Variability and Ease of Remedy
Adapted from Larry Lotz, “Yield Monitors and Maps: Making Decisions”, Ohio State Univ.
Cause of Yield VariationLeastlikely
MostlikelyEa
se o
f Rem
edy
Easy
Diffi
cult
Mechanical/Equipment Problems Nitrogen
(corn)
TrafficProblems
Hybrid Variety
Field BorderCharacteristics
Organic matter
Disease
Planter color
Seed Depth
Tillage
P & K
CompactionDrainage
Past history
WeatherSoil type
InsectsWeeds
Plant date
pH
Population
Bu/A
Topsoil variation
Low soil P and K
End-row compaction
Soil pH
Historically managed less intensively
Treeline and endrow compaction
Greater weed pressure
Nearly flat, ponding
1997 Corn Grain Yield - ASEQ Field 1; Centralia, MO
RTK GPSElevation Map 1997 Corn Yield Map
Multiple Years of Point Yield Maps
1998 Beans 1999 Corn
Multiple Years of Point Yield Maps
2000 Beans 2001 Corn
Using Delineation of Point Yield Data
113.1
32.5
44.3
23.0
62.2
114.0
31.5
41.737.8
96.5
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Year
Yiel
d in
bu/
acre
Average Yield - Wet SpotAverage Yield - Rest of the Field
RTK GPSElevation Map
1997 Corn Yield Map
Multiple Years of Interpolated Yield Maps
1998 Beans 1999 Corn
Multiple Years of Interpolated Yield Maps
2000 Beans 2001 Corn
Using Delineation of Interpolated (Gridded) Yield Data
114.9
32.3
45.0
34.4
88.2
113.1
31.2
41.237.8
96.2
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Year
Yiel
d in
bu/
acre
Average Yield - Wet Spot
Average Yield - Rest of the Field
Using MapCalc Software to Better Visualize Elevation Difference with Yield Data
Equipment Used for RTK GPS Data
Collection
Use a PocketPCcomputer running
GPS data collectionsoftware
RTK Base Station
Possible Solution with a PTO-Ditchers
