evaluang establishment of reed canarygrass (phalaris ... establishment of reed canarygrass (phalaris...
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Evalua&ngEstablishmentofReed
Canarygrass(Phalarisarundinacea)along
streamsandroadnetworksinAnchorage,
Alaska
TessaHovland♦[email protected]
AlaskaPacificUniversity♦EcologicalServicesCoastalProgram♦AlaskaRefuges
ReedCanarygrassPhalarisarundinacea
www.forestryimages.org
h?p://plants.usda.gov
Totalpointscollected=458
312
134
12
Road‐StreamXing
StreamCensus
Other
DataOverview
• Totalareasurveyed=213acres– 12acreshaveRCGpresence
InfestedAcres #InfestaDons %ofTotal
0.001 115 25.11
0.01 49 10.70
0.1 30 6.55
0.5 9 1.97
1 4 0.87
NoRCG 251 54.80
Total 458 100
Road‐StreamCrossings
• 312TotalAcresInfested #InfestaDons %ofTotal
0 250 80.130.001 35 11.220.01 14 4.490.1 10 3.210.5 2 0.641 1 0.32
Total 312 100.00
StreamCensus
• 134totalAcres_Infest #InfestaDons %ofTotal
0.001 75 55.970.01 32 23.880.1 18 13.430.5 7 5.221 2 1.49
Total 134 100.00
Frequencydistribu&onofRCGdistancetostreams
Distance(m)
Frequencydistribu&onofRCGdistancetoroads
Analysis
• Spa&alanalysisthroughGIStoexaminedistribu&ons
• DevelopingRiskAnalysismodelto1.PredictareaswhereRCGispresentorsuitablehabitatwherefutureinvasionscouldoccur.
2.Helppriori&zetheseverityofcurrentRCGinfesta&onstoaidinmanagementac&ons.
3.Helptoiden&fyifthereisapa?ernamongRCGinfesta&onsoriftheiroccurrenceissimplyopportunis&c.
Analysis
• Iden&fyandquan&fyriskfactorsforRCGinvasion– Riskfactors:
• Sizeofinfesta&on• Distanceofinfesta&onfromroads
• Distanceofinfesta&onfromstreams
• Associatedvegeta&on• Streamchanneliza&on
• Overlayfactorstodetermineareasof“highrisk”
Adams,C.,&Galatowitsch,S.(2006).IncreasingtheEffec&venessofReedcanarygrass(PhalarisarundinaceaL.)ControlinWetMeadowRestora&ons.Restora2onEcology,14(3),441‐451.
AKEPICdatabase.2008.AlaskaExo&cPlantInforma&onClearinghouseDatabase.<h?p://akweeds.uaa.alaska.edu>.Accessed10/1/09.
Apfelbaum,S.I.andC.E.Sams.1987.Ecologyandcontrolofreedcanarygrass.(PhalarisarundinaceaL.).NaturalAreasJournal7(2):69‐74.
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References
What’sNext?
• Futureresearchonasub‐setofdatatocapturerateofspread
• Management!– 115are1/1000thofanacre
Observa&ons
• RCGseemstobeopportunis&cinMOAinvasion
• Forstreamcensuspoints,seemstobelessRCGwithincreasedstreamchanneliza&onorbankheight
• FoundRCGatvariousstagesofdevelopmentintoOctober
• August‐Octoberistheeasiest&metospotRCG
• S.CarlTobin,ChairpersonEnvironmentalScienceDepartmentAlaskaPacificUniversity
• DavidWigglesworthCoastalProgramManager‐SouthcentralAKUSFish&WildlifeService
• JeffHeys
Ac&ngRegionalAISCoordinator
USFish&WildlifeService
• GinoGraziano,NRSInvasiveWeedsandAgriculturalPestCoordinatorDNR,DivisionofAgriculturePlantMaterialsCenter
• GretchenGaryInvasiveWeedsProgramCoordinator
StandinginRCGontheUpperMissNa&onalWildlifeandFishRefugenearWabasha,MN
ReedCanarygrass(RCG)
• Perrennialgrass• 2+meterstall
• Establishesinwetlands,fields,&waterchannels• Na&vetoEurasia&temperateN.America
• Introducedforstabiliza&on&forage• Rapidgrowth&highseedproduc&on
Rhizomes
UNIVERSITYOFALASKAFAIRBANKS
h?p://www.shorelandmanagement.org/s2s/category/plants/
Importance
• Notoriousglobalweed(Apfelbaum&Sams.1987)• RCGdistribu&oninAnchorageunknown– Someknownloca&ons(AKEPICdata)
– Determineextentandmethodsforeradica&onefforts
• Adverseeffectsonsalmonhabitat(Milleretal.2008)
– Clogsstreamchannels&preventsfishpassage– Lowersdissolvedoxygeninstreams– Reducesnaturalriparianhabitat
ResearchGoals• Iden&fyandmapextentofRCGinfesta&ons
• Determinefactorscontribu&ngtotheestablishmentofRCGalongAnchoragestreams
• Road‐streamnetworks
• Human/naturaldisturbance• Vegeta&onandassociatedplants• Soilnutrients• Other?
• UseGIStopriori&zesitesforstrategichabitatconserva&on
ResearchGoals
• AKEPIC– (AlaskaExo&cPlantInforma&onClearinghouse)– Geospa&aldatabasefornon‐na&veflora– h?p://akweeds.uaa.alaska.edu/
ProjectDesignOverview
• StudyArea:– HighlandDrivetoPo?erValleyRoad
• FollowAKEPICprotocol• Conductinventoryalongroad‐streamcrossings
• Conductfull‐lengthstreamcensusforprioritystreams
• Mapinfesta&onsusingTrimbleGeoXT
SamplingDesign
• PhaseI:Road‐streamcrossingsurveys
• PhaseII:Full‐lengthstreamcensus– PriorityStreams:
• CampbellCreek
• ChesterCreek• ShipCreek
AKEPICDataCollec&on
• Siteinforma&on• Loca&oninforma&on
• Plantinforma&on
AKEPIC:SiteInforma&on
• Sitecode• Areasurveyed(acres)• Sitevegeta&oncommunitytype– Vierecketal.1992
• Disturbancetype/landuse
AKEPIC:Loca&onInforma&on
• GPScoordinates:(decimaldegrees)NAD83• GPSaccuracy(feet)• Loca&onnotes
Trimble®GeoXH™
AKEPIC:PlantInforma&on
• USDAplantcode– USDANRCSPLANTSdatabase
• Infestedacres– Visuales&matebyspecies’extent Infestation
area (acres)
Radius of infestation area (feet)
0.001 3.7 0.01 12 0.1 37 0.5 83 1 118
AKEPIC:PlantInforma&on
• %overstorycover• Collec&oninforma&on
• Aggressiveness– Spreadingbeyonddisturbancefootprint
• Low• Med
• High
• Othernotes