europlanet strategic workshop; general assembly esa estec 26,27/02/2007 1 european data bank of...

Europlanet Strategic Workshop; General Assembly ESA ESTEC 26,27/02/2007

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European data bank of spectral properties of minerals and their

mixtures

Maria I. Błęcka, Space Research Centre, PAS Bartycka 18a, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland


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• Why we need laboratory data of planetary analogs ?

• What is measured in European laboratories?

• What sort of LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS we are searching for the interpretation of planetary observations?

We propose a schematic idea of bank of spectral properties of minerals and their mixtures, kind of coordination of works


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• Why we need laboratory data of planetary analogs ?

One of the main goals of planetary exploration is to understand geological evolution of planets. ¤ For this we need to determine the characteristics of surface and dust materials. ¤ UV, VIS and INFRARED spectra, acquired by ground-based observations and by space-borne remote sensing, represent one of the most important diagnostic tools. ¤ In order to best interpret these data, the modeling is needed and careful comparison with laboratory spectra of analogues of planetary surface and atmospheric dust/aerosols.


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RED–MODELBLUE-MEASUREMENT

MM

COMPARISON OF MODELED AND MEASURED (PFSMEX) MARTIAN RADIANCE SPECTRUM. THE DUST IS ASSUMED TO BE A MIXTURE OF BASALT, ANDESITE AND OLIVINE. SPECTRAL INFORMATION ABOUT

THESE ANALOGS WE HAVE FROM THE LABORATORIES


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• What is measured in European laboratories?

There are probably many, but we really don’t know how many, laboratories in Europe performing the measurements of optical characteristics of materials potentially representative for planetary surface and atmospheric dust components (basalts, andesites, palagonites, clays, ices, and many, many others).


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What sort of LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS we are searching for interpretation of planetary spectra?

•Transmittances•Reflectances depending on necessity•Emissivities•Optical constants which can give fundamental information•Analogue materials, ices , minerals and their mixtures with various proportions, various size distributions and shape of grains


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IMPORTANT

The samples differ each from the others even for the same material and granulites. A good example: the palagonite from Etna volcano

exhibits important differences from Hawaiian palagonite–for this reason the measurements of

various samples of the same materials are needed


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Important In reflectance measurements the dependence of the band intensities on the particle size is observed – the measurements of several dimension ranges are necessary

Reflectance spectra of CO2 icedependence on particle sizes


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In emittance the dependence of the band intensities on the particle size is observed – the measurements of several dimension ranges are necessary

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Emissivity spectra of CALCITE

dependence on particle sizes


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The complex of laboratory data is still necessary:

1) except reflectance, emissivity, transmittance, also morphological and chemical analyses are needed for the planetary mineral identification through interpretation of remote observations.

2) existing laboratory data at visual and near-

infrared wavelengths are limited and spectral resolution requires improvement


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There are a lot of data and labs but we really don’t know how many laboratories in Europe perform the measurements useful for planetology

Some of spectroscopic data are available in the literature and in the local catalogues but … very often information is not known for planetological community because there are difficulties to find them.

There are still not enough information what is already done in the labs, what is actually measured and what are the plans for the future.


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Scheme of the laboratory data bank and coordination of the the

works

SRC - main catalogue of all

spectral data+software for

precise comparison the

spectral features

Input data from the labs: already existing data, instruments and method of the measurements,

samples to be analyzed

Input from the users: needs-materials and

specifications of measurements

(geom., spectral res. etc)

Catalogue of possible planetary analogs materials - most recent info

LibraryNews from labs

-recent techniques, instruments

etc

List of all participating

labs –addresses, phones;

registrations of new ones

OUTPUT: progress in scientific results, common papers,

presentations, new techniques etc


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Thank you for your attention


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europlanet strategic workshop; general assembly esa estec 26,27/02/2007 1 european data bank of...

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