EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT OF

NORTH AMERICA

Guiding Question 1

Why did people settle in the British North American colonies?

Did people come for primarily economic concerns or for religious/idealistic motivations?

American Colonies at the

End of the Seventeenth

Century

Virginia Company, Charter,

1606

Chesapeake Chesapeake BayBay

& &

JamestownJamestown

Chesapeake Chesapeake BayBay

& &

JamestownJamestown

Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement (Computer Generated)(Computer Generated)Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement (Computer Generated)(Computer Generated)

Settlement of Virginia• Virginia Company• Jamestown• John Smith• John Rolfe• Tobacco• “starving time”

• House of Burgesses• indentured servants• headright system

Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco

16181618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.

16221622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.

16271627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.

16291629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.

Tobacco Prices

1618-1710

Life in Early Virginia, 1620-1670s

• “plantations”• society• economy• quality of life• religion?

River Plantations in Virginia, c. 1640

1717thth Century Population Century Populationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake

1717thth Century Population Century Populationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake

Reasons for Slavery

• Decrease in indentured servants– English economy

• Increase in availability of slaves – end of Royal African company monopoly– Decrease in price

• Fears of growing number of landless freemen• Available supply from Caribbean

Population of Chesapeake Population of Chesapeake Colonies: 1610-1750Colonies: 1610-1750

Population of Chesapeake Population of Chesapeake Colonies: 1610-1750Colonies: 1610-1750

The Atlantic Slave Trade

“middle passage”

Slave Colonies of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries

The Chesapeake

Colonies in the Seventeenth

Century

Deep South

• Carolina (1682)

• Georgia (1738)

• rice• indigo

The West Indies and Carolina in the Seventeenth Century

IndigoIndigo

RiceRice

Spread of Settlement:

British Colonies,

1650–1700

NEW ENGLAND

American Colonies at the

End of the Seventeenth

Century

English Migration, 1610-1660

Plymouth

• Separatists• “Pilgrims”• Plymouth• Mayflower Compact

Mayflower II

Massachusetts Bay

• Puritans• Great

Migration• “City upon a

hill”

New England• towns• town meetings• church• Education• “Old Satan

Deluder” Act (1647)• Harvard College

(1636)

• merchants

Land Division in Sudbury, MA: 1639-1656

Population of the New England

Colonies

Population of the New England

Colonies

New England Colonies,

1650

MIDDLE COLONIES

Colonies in Eastern North

America

1650

New York• New Netherland (1613) –

Who? Why?• Patroonships >>>

• New York (1664)

• society • economy

Pennsylvania• William Penn• Quakers• society• economy• Indian relations

Royal Land Grant to PennRoyal Land Grant to Penn

Middle Colonies,

1685

Area of English

settlement by 1700

American Colonies at the

End of the Seventeenth

Century

Britain's American Empire, 1713