EUROPEAN

NEIGHBOURHOOD

POLICY & MIDDLE EAST

THE ENP &MIDDLE EAST

As Whitman & Wolff emphasized

absence of Syria & Lebanon on

meeting in Marseilles ( The peace &

stability charter) caused deadlock in

relations

A new strategy for the region

? Later on conflict between Israel &

Syria mostly between Hezbollah &

Hamas

Changing policy of US after 11th

September

15.000 „peace keeping‟ soldiers were

placed Southern Lebanon ( Most of

„em were Europeans )

To be or not to be in the ENP

?

http://www.iep-

berlin.de/fileadmin/website/09_Publikationen/Policy_Brief/Policy-

Brief_3_08.pdf (

Rising conflicts in the region

First revolt occurred in Tunisia in 2010

, In one year current regime fell down

and Tunisian people made first

democratic elections . Bahrain , Libya

, Syria , Egypt , Yemen started

protests against governments . Next

dictatorship to fall in domino was

Hosni Mobarak in Egypt .

Rising conflicts in the region

After Egypt ; current president of USA

Barack OBAMA declared full support

for desire of people for democracy and

human rights . But unfortunately

“Spring” seems came to the end .

Democracy tries turned into bloodshed

and civil war started almost in whole

countries across Middle East .

Is EU really enthusiastic ?

Natural energy resources are 87 %

fossil , 6% renewable , 7% is nuclear

energy . When natural resources are

decreasing , demand is increasing day

by day . World‟s most energy sources

are provided from fossil . The range of

fossil is not equal across the world .

Middle East is quite wealthy with fossil

resources .

Is EU really enthusiastic ?

If we compare democratic struggle , power rivaly in the region ,it is obvious that power rivaly is unavoidably dominant for great powers .The reason is Europe seems more quiet and more look like focused on democracy and human rights issues are based on distribution of this resources . But on the other hand , we can not ignore people who are struggling from democratic rights . People‟s desire for having equal rights and having pie of this wealth is natural .

EMP will replace with ENP ?

Members of EMP are unwilling to

transformation because of addition of

other agendas

Relations in EMP is in multiliteral level

, lack of democracy , ongoing revolts ,

resistance on one man regimes ,

distrust to european identity among

middle east countries are shown as

devastating effects of partnership .

Scope of threats

Most commonly seen as threaths acrossthe region by US and EU • Al – Quaida

• Hamas

• Hezbullah

• Iran

• Syria

In other words normative Islamistmovements like „Jihadist SalafistTerrorism‟ which prevents democraticmovements.

Biliteral or Multiliteral Relations ?

In a problematic region unfortunately

its hard to reach common sense of

understanding on the policies . So

ENP policy especially in the Middle

East is more rely on Bi-literal relations.

References : • European Union, A Secure Europe in a Better World - A European Security

Strategy, European Council, December 12, 2003.

• Karen E. Smith, “The Outsiders: The European Neighbourhood Policy”,

International Affairs 81 (2005): 757-773.

• Pace, „Norm shifting from EMP to ENP‟; Michelle Pace, Liberal or social

democracy? Aspects of the EU’s democracy

• promotion agenda in the Middle East (Stockholm, International Institute for

Democracy and Electoral Assistance,2009); Tocci, „The widening gap‟.

• Sergio Carrera, „The EU‟s dialogue on migration, mobility and security with

the southern Mediterranean‟(Brussels: Centre for European Policy Studies,

June 2011), p. 4.

• Esra Bulut, ed., European involvement in the Arab–Israeli conflict, Chaillot

Paper 124 (Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2010).

• Middle East Institute, The Arab spring: implications for US policy and

interests (Washington DC, 2011); „Symposium: the Arab uprisings and U.S.

policy: what is the American interest?‟, Middle East Policy 18: 2, Summer

2011.

• EIA-Energy Information Administration. (2002b).

www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/caspian.html