European IntegrationEuropean Integration

Govt. 1183—#2—Feb. 5 2008 Govt. 1183—#2—Feb. 5 2008 Immediate and Profound ContextImmediate and Profound Context

(i) “Deepening and Widening”(i) “Deepening and Widening” (ii) 5 Challenges Again(ii) 5 Challenges Again (iii) Europe’s Political Geography(iii) Europe’s Political Geography

Graph: Ratio of the population aged 65 and over to the labour force

                                                                                        

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1960

1966

1972

1978

1984

1990

1996

Tot

al F

erti

lity

Rat

e

France

Germany

Spain

Sweden

Ireland

Population Pyramids for Italy

                                                                                                                                                                                    

Population Pyramids for Italy

                                                                                                                                                                                    

Population Pyramids for Iran

                                                                                                                                                                                    

Population Pyramids for Iran

                                                                                                                                                                                    

Europe in MapsEurope in Maps

Sources: 2-3; 4-17; http://homepages.wmich.edu/~hega/PSCI340/ps340map.htmlSources: 2-3; 4-17; http://homepages.wmich.edu/~hega/PSCI340/ps340map.html Sources 4 http://perso.numericable.fr/%7ealhouot/alain.houot/Hist/ma/matm14.html;Sources 4 http://perso.numericable.fr/%7ealhouot/alain.houot/Hist/ma/matm14.html; Sources 19-26 Martin White http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#European Sources 19-26 Martin White http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#European

                                                                                                                                                                   Map 2: Europe in 1215

                                                                                                                                                                Map 3: Europe in 1517

This map shows Europe in the year the Reformation began

                                                                                                                                                                     Map 6: Europe in 1812

This map shows Europe during the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon was at the height of his power.

                                                                                                                                                                  Map 7: Europe in 1860

This map shows Europe in 1860.

                                                                                                                                                                   Map 8: Europe in 1871

                                                                                                                                                                     Map 11: Europe in 1942

This map shows Europe at the height of Nazi aggression.

                                                                                                                                                                  Map 14: Europe in 1990

                                                                                                                                                                   Map 10: Europe after World War I

This map shows Europe in 1923.

                                                                                                                                                                 Map 15: Europe in 1995

World War One World War One DeathsDeathsTotal KilledTotal Killed15 million15 millionNumber Sources and Maps: Number Sources and Maps: http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htmhttp://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm--each symbol represents 100,000 dead--each symbol represents 100,000 dead

Losses in the First World War

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead

                                                                                                                                                                                                                               

World War Two DeathsWorld War Two Deaths

Total Number KilledTotal Number Killed 50-55 Million50-55 Million Soldiers: 22.0M Soldiers: 22.0M Civilian Deaths: Civilian Deaths: --In camps, from Fascist terror: 12.0M --In camps, from Fascist terror: 12.0M --From hostilities, blockade, epidemics, hunger: --From hostilities, blockade, epidemics, hunger:

14.5M 14.5M --From bombing: 1.5M.--From bombing: 1.5M. Source. Martin White http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htmSource. Martin White http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat1.htm

Losses in the Second World War

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 

manpower mobilized by the warring nations: