EUROPE WEB WALKING Erasmus Plus KA2 Project

CyprusCzech Republic

HungaryItaly

PolandPortugalRomania

The NetherlandsTurkey

2014-2017

Cyprus

PAPHOS ANCIENT ODEON

Description

We choose this Wonder because the Paphos Odeonis located in Kato Paphos, in the heart of the touristarea and is one of the most important monumentsof Nea Paphos. It was part of the Roman Agorabuildings and dates back to the 2nd century A.Dand it was restored by the Department ofAntiquities.

Some important things about Paphos Odeon

The Odeon located in the northeastern part of theancient city of Nea Paphos (modern-day Paphos inCyprus). Nea Paphos is situated on a small

promontory on the southwest coast of the island. According to written sources, the town wasfounded at the end of the 4th century B.C. by Nicocles, the last king of Palepaphos. In the beginningof the 3rd century B.C. when Cyprus became part of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, which had its capitalin Alexandria, Nea Paphos became the centre of the Ptolemaic administration on the island. Untilthe end of the 2nd century B.C., Nea Paphos acquired such an important role as a political andeconomical centre of the region, that the Ptolemies made it the capital of the whole island.

When in 58 B.C. Cyprus was annexed by Rome, Nea Paphos continued to be the capital of Cyprus.Only after the disastrous earthquakes of the 4th century A.D. was the capital transferred toSalamis, which was then renamed Constantia. Even then, however, Nea Paphos still dominated theother cities of Cyprus. After the Arab raids in the middle of the 7th century, Nea Paphos wentthrough a period of decline and was thus reduced in size. The town regained some of itsimportance during the Byzantine and Medieval periods, but from the Venetian period onwards, thecoastal settlement of Nea Paphos was abandoned and the population began to move furtherinland where the present town of Paphos (Ktima) developed.

Systematic excavations at Nea Paphos started in 1962 by the Department of Antiquities duringwhich many of the ancient town´s administrative buildings, as well as private houses andecclesiastical buildings came to light. Nea Paphos, has also been the centre of excavations andresearch by many foreign archaeological missions, from Universities and Schools from all overEurope, America and Australia.

In 1980, Nea Paphos and Palepaphos were inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List.

The Paphos Odeon could held approximately 1,200 spectators. Today, it accommodates variouscultural events.

More info about the site:

http://www.visitpafos.org.cy/Ancient_Odeon.aspx

The Czech Republic

These photos were taken by our partners´ students and teachers on 11th May 2017.

Mariánská VyhlídkaThe Maria´s Viewpoint

Description… and important things about our Wonder

We chose this Wonder because “Mariánská Vyhlídka” isone of the most popular and most visited lookout points inBohemian Paradise (“Český Ráj” in Czech translation). Thisplace is about 20 kilometers far away from “Jičín”, ourdistrict town, which is considered to be a gateway toBohemian Paradise. “Mariánská vyhlídka” offers one ofthe most beautiful panoramas of a chateau “HrubáSkála”, a ruin of a castle “Trosky” or a hill with a lookouttower and a transmitter “Kozákov”. From here, you canalso see groups of big sandstone rocks with fairytalenames as “Dvanáct Apoštolů” (Twelve Apostles), “Větrník”(Windmill) or “Dračí Věž” (Dragon´s Tower).

In good weather you can see tens of kilometers in the distance. The lookout point is situated360metres above sea level on a rock block in the area called “Dračí Skály” (Dragon´s Rocks) 1.5 kmfrom “Hrubá Skála” Castle. Under “Mariánská vyhlídka”, there is a symbolic climber´s cemetery.This area is mostly visited by hikers and rock climbers, who are used to climb on the sandstonerocks here. We also chose this Wonder because the lookout can symbolize the view at our life thatawaits us. It can be perceived as a life expectancy, view or a look in our future life.

Resources

https://en.mapy.cz/zakladni?x=15.1934064&y=50.5478076&z=17&gallery=1&source=foto&id=399714

https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari%C3%A1nsk%C3%A1_vyhl%C3%ADdka

https://en.mapy.cz/zakladni?x=15.1924446&y=50.5469080&z=17&pano=1&source=base&id=1833718

http://www.liberecky-kraj.cz/dr-en/692-marianska-vyhlidka.html

www.turistika.cz/mista/marianska-vyhlidka/detail

Hungary

Water (Castle-spring in Hollókő)

Description

We chose this Wonder because…

Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface. Only 2.5% of this wateris freshwater, and less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers,lakes, atmosphere, and contained within biological bodies andmanufactured products.

Hungary is located in the Carpathian Basin; two thirds of thecountry is lowland with strong continental influence. Hungary’sgeothermal features are rather favorable. On about 80% ofHungary’s territory, thermal water with temperatures over 30degrees Celsius can be exploited. Namely Hungary has a highgeothermal potential, there are around 1,400 thermal waterwells in the country. For example, famous baths are GellértBath, Szechenyi Spa, Turkish pool and a natural lake, the LakeHéviz. Groundwater (water porous aquifers, karst water) inHungary is available throughout the country in sufficientquantity (major source of drinking water supply). Currently

there are 120 wells and springs that provide recognized natural mineral water (contain dissolvedmineral salts, elements, or gases), eg. Zalaszengrót – Naturaqua; Balf - Balf mineral water, Kékkút -Szentkirályi Mineral water. Additionally, important and famous surface waters are Lake Balaton(biggest lake in Central Europe), Lake Velencei, Lake Tisza, River Danube, River Tisza, Szigetköz andLake Fertő (westernmost salty lake in Europe) in Hungary. About 400 springs are in Cserhátmoutains, one of this is a Castle-spring. Near this spring a “Peasant bath” was built in 1936-37.Before the first world war it was an important tourism place in Hollókő.

Castle- spring http://www.holloko.hu/en/index.html

Church Castle

http://www.holloko.hu/pic/original/63CD865F30E9D018EFA787DA1907A0B8.jpg http://www.holloko.hu/pic/original/B4848207547A989963B50BFD37C01645.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water http://www.holloko.hu/hu/info/latnivalok-szolgaltatasok/tanosvenyek/varalja-tanosveny--a-varforras--varikut-fo-strandforras.html

http://www.holloko.hu/en/info/sights-and-services/nature-trails/castle-trip-trail--the-castlespring.html https://www.budapestwatersummit.hu/knowledge-and-technology/the-hungarian-water-sector/hungary-a-water-superpower-372/ http://holeinthedonut.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Holloko-village1.jpg http://www.farkasnora.hu/tura/fotok/2007/20071028%20Cserhat%2020%20-Holloko/terkep.jpg

Italy

Euphronios Krater

Description

We choose this Wonder because it represents an added valuefrom different point of view. It is important for our culture,because through the vase we can discover the roots of art in ourarea and find our cultural identity. It is considered one of themilestones of Attic pottery made in the red-figure style.Consequently it becomes a touristic attraction for those who liketo visit not only the main cities of art in Italy, but also siteswhere the culture has grown. In this way a quality tourism isdeveloped pointing to the knowledge of an ancient culture still

unknown to many people. Last, we have chosen the Euphronios Krater because it is the symbol ofthe fighting against the raiders of art.

Some important things about our Wonder

The Euphronios (Sarpedon) Krater is a red-figure calyx krater made in Athens around 515 BC, signed byEuxitheos as potter and Euphronios as painter. Quite unusually, both the painter and the potter signedtheir names on this bowl! Usually it was only the painter who signed his name, however on this piece,both men who worked on it gave themselves credit for the work – which seems to suggest that theyboth believed that it was one of their best pieces ever created. Along with the painters’ signatures,there is an inscription on one side that reads: “Leagros is handsome.” Incredibly, this inscription allowedhistorians to date the bowl accurately around 520-510 BC, because at that time Leagros wasconsidered by many people the most handsome man in Greece.

It is 46 cm high and 55 cm in diameter; the bowl was made out of terracotta in the calyx-kraterstyle, and would have been used to mix wine with water. It can hold about 45 liters of liquid, andwas decorated with the red-figure pottery style. It is decorated on the front with a scene depictingthe death of Sarpedon, who is attended by Hypnos and Thanatos with the god Hermes looking on.The first side depicts an episode from the Trojan War: the death of Sarpedon, son of Zeus. On eitherside of the dying man, personifications of Sleep and Death lean over to pick up Sarpedon and carryhim off to his homeland for burial. Behind the youth there is Hermes, managing the way for thebody to be carried. The level of detail in this scene is so intense and graphic that not only madeEuphronios choose to illustrate the scene while Sarpedon is still bleeding profusely from hiswounds, but you can also see extremely delicate details such as his eyelashes and toenail cuticles!

On the opposite side, Athenian youths arm themselves for war or training – the scene seems rathergeneric, however the ideal of young, fit, trained men ready for battle was an important part ofAthenian culture when the vase was crafted.

The dump site and the early provenance of the Euphronios krater have never been firmly established.However, the krater is generally believed to have been discovered in December 1971 by tombarolidigging illegally on private land in the Greppe Sant’Angelo area of the Etruscan cemetery of Cerveteri.The tombaroli are said to have sold the krater to Giacomo Medici who smuggled it into Switzerland;there the krater was sold to Robert Hecht who commissioned its restoration in Zurich. Then Hecht

alerted the Metropolitan Museum to the existence of the krater. In August 1972, after some haggling,the Metropolitan agreed to buy the krater from Hecht for $1 million.

On 16 February 2001, the Carabinieri raided Hecht’s apartment in Paris. They recovered a handwritten‘memoir’ by Hecht, setting out an autobiographical account of his life in the antiquities trade. Itcontains two accounts of the Sarpedon Euphronios: the first admitting to the fact that Hecht hadbought the krater from Medici and that it had been excavated illegally in 1971.

On 3 February 2006, the Metropolitan reached an agreement with Italy about the return of twentyobjects, including the Euphronios Krater. The krater arrived back in Italy on 18 January 2008.

Actually tourists can admire the Euphronios Krater in the Caerite Museum in Cerveteri city center.

www.tarquinia-cerveteri.it/en

http://www.tarquinia-cerveteri.it/en/museum-and-necropolis-of-cerveteri/necropolis

Resources

http://roma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2015/11/07/news/franceschini_il_cratere_di_eufronio_resta_a_cerveteri_-126844061/ https://archeotime.com/2015/03/04/il-cratere-di-euphronios-nel-museo-nazionale-archeologico-di-cerveteri/ http://www.beniculturali.it/mibac/multimedia/MiBAC/documents/1418903243087_2.pdf http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/LX/EuphroniosKrater.html http://ancientstandard.com/2007/08/30/euphronios-krater-the-continuing-saga-ca-515-bc/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/10/arts/design/robert-hecht-antiquities-dealer-dies-at-92.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FEuphronios%20Krater&action=click&contentCollection=timestopics&region=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=6&pgtype=collection http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-europe/cerveteri-necropolis-etruscan-city-dead-002602

Videos

return of the vase

Euphronios Krater

Etruscan necropolises

Banditaccia necropolises Tumuli at Cerveteri

life and death

The Netherlands

CC BY-NC-SA -

The statue of Jan Pieter Minckelers,

Maastricht

Description

The statue of Jan Pieter Minckelers is situated onthe Market Square of Maastricht. It rises over the market and lights the skies, whenever you throw a coin in its base. Not only is this a beautiful image, it also refers to the industrial history of Maastricht, as will be explained below.

The statue of Minckelers, a famous inventer and professor in science, was revealed in 1904 and was built by Bart van Hoven. The cafes around the statue carry the name of this famous inventer; that had the city of Maastricht as his hometown.

The light that was supposed to be everlasting was replaced by the coinmachine in 2004, because of cuts in expenses and because of

sustainability reasons.

We choose this Wonder because …

We chose the wonder, because Jan Pieter Minckelers was very important in the development of Maastricht; and of Europe in general. Jan Pieter Minckelers was born in 1748 in Maastricht and died here in 1824. He was a scientist and an inventor, ahead of his time. He was the inventor of the illuminating gas.

Some important things about our Wonder

In his memoir Minckelers tells us how he made his discovery: from the very beginning of his experiments he had had the idea of enclosing oil in the barrel of a gun and heating it in a forge. Under action of the heat the oil dissolved and gave way to a very light gas, having other advantageous qualities. Having proved that oil gas was the best for balloons, Minckelers used it formany balloons which rose rapidly and travelled great distances in the neighbourhood of Leuven. Aswe learn from his pupil von Hulstein, who was in his class in 1785, Minckelers at times used this same gas to light his workshop. Moreover, the drift of his memoir proves clearly that in its inventor's eyes the great combustibility of the gas was one of its leading qualities. When Joseph II, in 1788, transferred the Catholic University of Leuven to Brussels, Minckelers continued as professor, but when it was removed back to Leuven he refused to return. He resigned in 1794 and was appointed professor of physics and chemistry at the Central School of Maastricht. He was the one who brought light to the streets in many cities in Europe, with the introduction of street lightning. In 1816 he became member of the Royal Institute of the Netherlands.1

1 ^ "Jan Pieter Minckelers (1748 - 1824)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 26 July 2015

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 26 July 2015

Resources

http://rijksmonumenten.nl/monument/506671/standbeeld-minckelers/maastricht/http://www.mestreechtersteerke.nl/pagjpminckeleers.htmhttps://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Pieter_Minckeleers"Jan Pieter Minckelers (1748 - 1824)".