europe between 600 and 1450 ch 10 in strayer’s ways of the world united or divided?
TRANSCRIPT
Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire in
476
What’s going on in Europe, East Asia, Middle East, the Americas and Africa during this time?
Byzantine Empire330 - 1453
•Politically -
• centralized under an Emperor who ruled through his bureaucracy
• strong army, navy and merchant fleet
• Emperor Justinian (r 527 - 565)
Constantine moves capitol to East - Ottomans sack Constantinople
Charlemagne - King of the Franks
Charlemagne’s Empire Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Collapses:
Treaty of Verdun, 843Treaty of Verdun, 843
Pope Crowned Pope Crowned CharlemagneCharlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor: Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800Dec. 25, 800
Byzantine Economy
• involved in long-distance trade• exported luxury products like jewelry purple dyes and silk• gold coins, the bezant, was a widely used currency in Mediterranean trade• negative effect of trade: Plague of Justinian 541-542
Early Medieval Period
Germanic Kingdoms are facing threat of invasions by
Magyars, Vikings and Muslims
Feudalism
Study p 439 mapin your textbook.
Collapse of Charlemagne’s
Empire+
Outside invasions =Feudal Era
Manoralism = life in manorsThe new economy of Western Europe = self-
sufficient farmsNo trade in Western EuropeMedieval Castle
serfs at work
medieval knights protect
Cultural AchievementsBody of Civil LawBody of Civil Law
Corpus Juris Civilis (Body of Civil Law) a/k/a
Justinian Code of Laws:
• a collection of Roman laws
• will be preserved and reintroduced to Europe
• it forms the basis of our laws
• example: innocent until proven guilty
Domed BuildingsDomed Buildings
Hagia Sophia
Roman Catholic ChurchLatin Church
filled the power vacuum left from the collapse of the classical world.
monasticism: St. Benedict – Benedictine
Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience.
provided schools for the children of the upper class.
inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.
libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.
monks missionaries to the barbarians. [St. Patrick, St. Boniface]
A medieval monastery
An illuminated manuscript
Cyril and Methodius
Introduced Christianity to the Slavic people of Central Europe and Russia.Developed an alphabet based on Greek letters to write the Slavic language This alphabet will become the Cyrillic alphabet used in Russia.Main points: Spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity and a writing system base on Greek letters to Central Europe and Russia.
The Beginning of Russia
9th century:Kiev, Russia along theDnieper River.Vikings - Varangians.Develops due to trade between Scandinavia and Byzantine Empire along the Dnieper River.
What’s next for Russia?
Mongol rule of Russia = Mongols invade Kievan Rus.The Golden Horde.Russian princes allowed to stay in power as long as they paid tribute to the Mongol ruler. Moscow princes are in charge of collecting tribute for the Mongols.They became vassals of the Mongols.
1200’s - 1400’s
Russian under the Tartar yoke
See map on p 439 in your textbook.
So. . . how did the Byzantine Empire influence Russia?1. Spread Christianity - Eastern Orthodox Christianity
a. use of icons in the churchb. monasticism - or monastic life
2. Introduced a written alphabet3. architectural style
Byzantine:
Russian:
Meanwhile in Western Europe. . .
•Early Middle Ages 500 - 1000 - Feudalism
•High Middle Ages 1000 - 1200 - Transition period - coming out of Feudalism
•Late Middle Ages 1200 - 1500 - Showing signs of the early modern era.
Crusades begin 1095Pope Urban II
The Great Schism 1054
Christianity DividesRoman Catholic ChurchWestern, Latin Church
vs.Eastern OrthodoxGreek Church
Two Major European Events
Main impact of the Crusades: It willspark European interest in the outside world and a renewed interest in TRADE.
Bubonic Plague
How did the Bubonic Plague help speed up the end of Feudalism in Western Europe?
nobility peasants towns monarchs
Something else that’s new in
Europe:
University of BolognaUniversity of Oxford
University of Toulouse