The Fall of CommunismThe Fall of Communism

The The balkanization of balkanization of Eastern EuropeEastern Europe

Sometimes Sometimes called the called the Autumn of Autumn of Nations,Nations, The Revolutions of 1989 were the series of events in The Revolutions of 1989 were the series of events in Central and Eastern Europe in the autumn of 1989, Central and Eastern Europe in the autumn of 1989, when various Soviet-style Communist governments when various Soviet-style Communist governments were overthrown in the space of a few months.were overthrown in the space of a few months.

RevoluRevolutions of 1989tions of 1989

The breakup The breakup of Yugoslaviaof Yugoslavia

A geopolitical A geopolitical term originally term originally used to describe used to describe the process of the process of fragmentation or fragmentation or division of a division of a region into region into smaller regions smaller regions that are often that are often hostile or non-hostile or non-cooperative with cooperative with each other.each other.

BalkanizatiBalkanizationon

The area shaded The area shaded in light purple is in light purple is the Prague-the Prague-Penkov-Kolochin Penkov-Kolochin complex of complex of cultures of the 6th cultures of the 6th to 7th c. AD, likely to 7th c. AD, likely corresponding to corresponding to the spread of the spread of Slavic tribes at Slavic tribes at the time. the time.

Slavic languagesSlavic languagesHistoric DistributionHistoric Distribution

OttomansOttomansUnder Suleiman the Under Suleiman the Magnificent, they Magnificent, they captured Belgrade in captured Belgrade in 1521. The city's 1521. The city's Hungarian defenders, Hungarian defenders, who had pleaded in vain who had pleaded in vain for reinforcements from for reinforcements from German princes German princes preoccupied with the preoccupied with the upheavals of the upheavals of the Reformation, were Reformation, were slaughtered. slaughtered.

Ottoman Empire

Also known as the Also known as the Turkish EmpireTurkish Empire, it , it existed from 1299 existed from 1299 to 1923. At the to 1923. At the height of its power height of its power in the 16th and 17th in the 16th and 17th centuries, its territory included Anatolia, the centuries, its territory included Anatolia, the Middle East, parts of North Africa, and much of Middle East, parts of North Africa, and much of south-eastern Europe to the Caucasus. south-eastern Europe to the Caucasus.

NationalismNationalismSlavic prideSlavic pride

Romanticized Romanticized Russian Russian painting of painting of Slavs during Slavs during the Middle the Middle Ages.Ages.

Marshall TitoMarshall TitoYugoslavia is created at Yugoslavia is created at the end of World War II as the end of World War II as a communist republic a communist republic when a federation of six when a federation of six communist states replaces communist states replaces the monarchy. Marshal the monarchy. Marshal Josip Broz Tito, a Josip Broz Tito, a resistance fighter who led resistance fighter who led the underground against the underground against Nazi occupation, takes Nazi occupation, takes charge of the new republic charge of the new republic -- a tenure that will last -- a tenure that will last until his death in 1980. until his death in 1980.

Why did Why did Communism fail?Communism fail?

In this book, the author In this book, the author condemns exclusionary condemns exclusionary and militaristic nationalism, and militaristic nationalism, as obsolete and mortally as obsolete and mortally dangerous to mankind. He dangerous to mankind. He illustrates dilemmas facing illustrates dilemmas facing Western-democratically Western-democratically inclined intellectuals in inclined intellectuals in Serbia. Serbia.

Слободан Милошевић

Slobodan Milošević; (20 August 1941 – 11 March 2006) was President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia. He served as President of Serbia from 1989 to 1997 and then President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000. He also led Serbia's Socialist Party from its foundation in 1992 to 2001.

Ethnic Ethnic cleansingcleansingDuring the 1990s During the 1990s it was used it was used extensively by extensively by the media in the the media in the former former Yugoslavia in Yugoslavia in relation to the relation to the Yugoslav wars. Yugoslav wars. This massacre This massacre occurred near occurred near Kosovo.Kosovo.

European Response

Milosevic’s Milosevic’s downfalldownfall

He was He was forced to forced to resign resign following a popular uprising against following a popular uprising against his rule. A year later Milošević was his rule. A year later Milošević was extradited to stand trial in the The extradited to stand trial in the The Hague but died after five years in Hague but died after five years in prison with just fifty hours of prison with just fifty hours of testimony left before the conclusion testimony left before the conclusion of the trial. Milošević, who suffered of the trial. Milošević, who suffered from chronic heart ailments, high from chronic heart ailments, high blood pressure and diabetes, died blood pressure and diabetes, died of a heart attackof a heart attack

Bosnian Muslims pray  Bosnian Muslims pray  before the burial of 78 before the burial of 78 bodies exhumed from bodies exhumed from mass graves around mass graves around Vlasenica, Bosnia and Vlasenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Herzegovina.

NATONATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), is an international The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), is an international organization for defense collaboration established in 1949.organization for defense collaboration established in 1949.

Air QualityAir Quality

Air pollution in Europe is Air pollution in Europe is linked to many major linked to many major health problems. Urban health problems. Urban air quality in particular is air quality in particular is considered very considered very poor. Over 70% of all poor. Over 70% of all Europeans live in cities Europeans live in cities and it is reported that and it is reported that more than 1 in 4 children more than 1 in 4 children have asthma related have asthma related illnesses. illnesses. 

Air PollutionAir PollutionEurope has led the Europe has led the world in the reduction world in the reduction of greenhouse gas of greenhouse gas and sulphur dioxide and sulphur dioxide emissions over the emissions over the last ten years. last ten years. However, with its high However, with its high population density population density and its advanced and its advanced industrial economy, industrial economy, Europe remains one Europe remains one of the worlds most of the worlds most polluting regions. polluting regions.

"Free markets "Free markets and open trade and open trade are the best are the best weapons weapons against poverty, against poverty, disease and disease and tyranny," said tyranny," said President President George W. Bush speaking about a pursuing a free George W. Bush speaking about a pursuing a free trade agreement with all the countries of Central trade agreement with all the countries of Central America at the World Affairs Council National America at the World Affairs Council National Conference held at the Organization of American Conference held at the Organization of American States in Washington, D. C., Jan. 16.States in Washington, D. C., Jan. 16.

Free TradeFree Trade

Effects of Fall of CommunismEffects of Fall of Communism

Which effect accurately completes the flow Which effect accurately completes the flow chart?chart?A. Government ownership of businesses expands.A. Government ownership of businesses expands.B. Competition in business and industry declines.B. Competition in business and industry declines.C. Private ownership of businesses and free C. Private ownership of businesses and free enterprise begins.enterprise begins.D. All profits shared equally by workers.D. All profits shared equally by workers.

LinksLinks

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0European%20Union%20map%20310x460%20E.gif• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slobodan_Milosevic