Euroccupations

MANUFACTURING:

FOOD, METAL, OIL, GAS & MINING

EurOccupations expert conference 21 – 22 May 2008, Marseille, France

Agenda of the session

I. Introduction to the manufacturing cluster

II. Experts’ recruitment

III. Changes in skills requirements and an occupation

The clusters

● The key occupations have been selected from the EurOccupations extended list of occupations using several criteria:

● variation in skill level and ● ISCO major groups, ● variation in gender composition; ● the most frequent occupations (i.e., volume argument) and ‘● blurred’ occupations (e.g., managers, process operators, waiter).

List of occupations manufacturing

Aircraft mechanic or service technician Metal molder or metal molding machine setter-operatorAssembling helper

Beverage production process operator Metal production process operator

Boring machine operator Pipe fitter

CNC operator Plant maintenance mechanic

Confectionery maker Power production plant operator

First line supervisor assembly line workers Quality assurance inspector

First line supervisor manufacturing workers Sewer, seamstress

Lathe or turning machine tool setter-operator Sheet-metal worker

Machine tool operator Welder

Meat processing machine operator Wood processing plant operator

Data collecting procedure

Contact an expert

Experts are expected to have knowledge about occupations or groups of occupations within the countries

Email with a link to the chosen occupation-realted questionnaire

Fullfiling the questionnaire

www.euroccupations.org

Expert response rates for the cluster manufacturingBEL GER UK FRA ITA NL PL SP Total

Aircraft mechanic or service technician 1 1 3 5Assembling helper

Beverage production process operator 1 1Boring machine operator

CNC operator 1 2 3Confectionery maker

First line supervisor assembly line workers

First line supervisor manufacturing workers

Lathe or turning machine tool setter-operator

Machine tool operator 1 1 2Meat processing machine operator

Metal molder or metal molding machine setter-operator

Metal production process operator 1 1 2Pipe fitter

Plant maintenance mechanic

Power production plant operator 1 2 3Quality assurance inspector 1 1Sewer, seamstress 5 1 6Sheet-metal worker

Welder 1 1Wood processing plant operator 1 1

● channels,● suggestions● contacts● methods ● techniques ● abracadabra and any other magic formula

sewer

Changes in occupations:

● increasing complexity in job content ● broader span of responsibility ● work with sophisticated equipment ● problem solving skills (without supervision)

Occupations with the largest job decline, 2006-16 (U.S. Department of Labor)

sewer

● do not formally supervise others or, if they do the number of supervisees is relatively small (1-10 persons),

● their work involve coaching or training of less experienced co-workers on regular basis,

● some physical effort is generally required in this occupation,

● no, eventually some, mental effort is generally required in this occupation,

● sewers are involved in organisation of equipment and/ or material

● experts have not indicated any diploma, certification, or professional code requirements for this occupation

sewer

● people working in this occupation have to update their knowledge and skills every year,

● the expert found of major importance : Initiating action, co-operating with colleagues, Applying know-how, professional expertise; problem solving, planning and organising, following instructions and procedures, dealing with contingencies;

sewer

● people start working in this occupation via in-company dual-learning trajectories after completing formal education,

● different period is indicated to become competent in this occupation some experts put 1-3 months the others 6-12 months,

sewer

● it is worth to stress that in some cases the opinions of the experts were quite opposite: i.e. “developing new procedures and working methods” was found to be of no, some and major importance for the occupation.

sewer

THE CHANGES IN MANUFACTURINGTHE CHANGES IN MANUFACTURING

Medium term forecast Employment trends in Europe

Employment trends by industry

Situation in manufacturing labour market

● productivity and output in manufacturing industries continue to grow

● manufacturing employment numbers drop in many countries

● shortage of high-skilled workers

● aging of manufacturing labour force (baby-bommers defined as population born between 1943 and1964 are about to leave the labour market)

Characteristics of manufacturing

● negative image in the eyes of younger workers● no more perceived as a source of high-rewarded career● other sectors provide attractive alternatives for talented young

people,● on one hand there is a shedding of workers in most parts of the

world, n the other hand struggle to recruit skilled workers ● growth of service related occupations in manufacturing

companies (sales, marketing, customer service, legal and financial service)

● short of talents

questionsquestions

● The trends are not universal for different countries.

● What are the driving forces for the changes in the different countries?

What we can expect in Europe?

● Increasing demand for highly and medium-skilled

● Losses offset by replacement demand

Shortage talents

● If layoffs or reduced hiring are the order of the day, how relevant are concerns about talent shortages?

Questions, problems to deal with…

Questions, problems to deal with…

● the demand for skills and formal qualifications is rising, but is true for all levels of occupations?

● Is it the demand reason for higher qualifications in lower level of occupations or overeducation?

● If the qualifications demanded by employers rise does it influence the national/sector/employment/educational regulatioins?

Questions, problems to deal with…

● Do job (occupations) titles give us any clue on educational/qualification requirements?

● What is the meaning of on-job experience?

● What sources of skills and knowledge are expected to succed in future?

● What are the expectations of changes in skill requirements?

Questions, problems to deal with…

● Any final remarks?