Euclid and MSE

Y. Mellier IAP and CEA/SAp

www.euclid-ec.org

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid Primary Objectives: the Dark Universe •  Understand

•  The origin of the Universe’s accelerating expansion

•  The properties and nature of Dark Energy and Gravity,

•  Probe the effects of Dark Energy, Dark Matter and Gravity by:

•  Using at least 2 independent but complementary probes (5)

•  Tracking their observational signatures on the o  Geometry of the universe: Weak Lensing (WL), Galaxy Clustering

(GC)

o  Cosmic history of structure formation: WL, Redshift-Space Distortion (RSD), Clusters of Galaxies (CL)

•  Controling systematics to an unprecedented level of accuracy.

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

The ESA Euclid space mission La mission Euclid de l’ESA: objectifs scientifiques

? Soyuz@Kourou

Launch date: Dec 2020

NIR spectro-imaging

2010-2020 (NISP team)

•  Commisionning – SV

•  Euclid opération:

5.5 yrs:Euclid Wide+Deep

•  +: SNIa, mu-lens, MW?

~100 PB data processing (EC-SGS team) – Science analyses

Surveys: 2010-2028 (Survey WG)

PLM+SVM: 2010-2020 VIS imaging: 2010-2020

(VIS team)

SWG:

2019-2028 Ground data

SGS: 2010-2028

Survey : 6 yrs, 15,000 deg2

Ground Observation: Imaging

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

(From J.-C. Cuillandre)

Euclid Survey •  Euclid Wide:

•  15000 deg2 outside the galactic and ecliptic planes

•  12 billion sources (3-σ)

•  1.5 billion galaxies with

•  Very accurate morphometric information (WL)

•  Visible photometry: (u), g, r, i, z , (R+I+Z) AB=24.5, 10.0 σ +

•  NIR photometry : Y, J, H AB = 24.0, 5.0σ

•  Photometric redshifts with 0.05(1+z) accuracy

•  35 million spectroscopic redshifts of emission line galaxies with

•  0.001 accuracy

•  Halpha galaxies within 0.7 < z < 1.85

•  Flux line: 2 . 10-16 erg.cm-2.s-1 ; 3.5σ

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid deep and calibration fields VVDS Deep

EDFN EDFS

COSMOS GOODS North

CDFS

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid Survey •  Euclid Deep:

•  1x10 deg2 at North Ecliptic pole + 1x20 deg2 at South Ecliptic pole

+ 1x10 deg2 South Equatorial field

•  10 million sources (3-σ)

•  1.5 million galaxies with

•  Very accurate morphometric information (WL)

•  Visible photometry: (u), g, r, i, z , (R+I+Z) AB=26.5, 10.0 σ +

•  NIR photometry : Y, J, H AB = 26.0, 5.0σ

•  Photometric redshifts with 0.05(1+z) accuracy

•  150 000 spectroscopic redshifts of emission line galaxies with

•  0.001 accuracy

•  Halpha galaxies within 0.7 < z < 1.85

•  Flux line: 5 . 10-17 erg.cm-2.s-1 ; 3.5σ

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Objects Euclid Before Euclid

Galaxies at 1<z<3 with precise mass measurement ~2x108 ~5x106

Massive galaxies (1<z<3)) Few hundreds Few tens

Hα Emitters with metal abundance measurements at

z~2-3 ~ 4 107 ? ~104 ?

Galaxies in clusters of galaxies at z>1 ~1.8x104 ~103 ?

Active Galactic Nuclei galaxies (0.7<z<2) ~104 <103

Dwarf galaxies ~105

Teff ~400K Y dwarfs ~few 102 <10

Lensing galaxies with arc and rings ~150,000 ~10-1000

Quasars at z > 8 ~30 None

Euclid Legacy

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

•  12 billion sources, 3-σ •  35 million redshifts;

•  Huge samples: large numbers, large diversity of sources and samples, rare objects

•  Reservoir of targets for JWST, E-ELT, TMT, Subaru, VLT, MSE, etc…

•  Synergy with LSST, e-ROSITA, Subaru/HSC, Planck, SKA

•  Probe of peaks in density distribution

•  Nb density of high mass, high redshift clusters very sensitive to

•  primordial non-Gaussianity and

•  deviations from standard DE models

•  Euclid data will get for free:

•  Λ-CDM: all clusters with M>2 .1014 Msol detected at 3-σ up to z=2

à  60,000 clusters with 0.2<z<2 ,

à  1.8 104 clusters at z>1.

•  ~ 5000 giant gravitational arcs

à  very accurate masses for the whole sample of clusters (WL)

à  dark matter density profiles on scales >100 kpc

à Synergy with Planck and eROSITA

Clusters of galaxies with Euclid

Max BCG

eROSITA

Euclid

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Galaxy-scale strong lensing with Euclid

SLACS (~2010 - HST)

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid VIS Legacy : after 2 months

(66 months planned)

SLACS

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Prospect for detecting high-z Ly-a emitters

From Matthee et al (2015)

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Clustering redshifts V. Scottez, PhD thesis 2015

ß Uses 10 109 galaxy position and photometric data of Euclid

ß Uses 35 106 galaxy redshifts of Euclid

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Scottez et al 2016: VIPERS+CFHTLS

Clustering redshifts V. Scottez, PhD thesis 2015

ß Uses 10 109 galaxy position and photometric data of Euclid

BUT Euclid will only observe emission line galaxies NOT all WL galaxies (needed for clustering)

ß Uses 35 106 galaxy redshifts of Euclid

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Scottez et al 2016: VIPERS+CFHTLS

MSE and Euclid

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

MSE: Euclid North Spectroscopic follow up

•  Large very deep spectroscopic sample to calibrate photo-z in Euclid Deep Fields (I=26.5 extended, 10-σ): 5000 redshifts over 20 deg2

•  Very deep spectroscopic sample to measure clustering redshifts in

•  Euclid Deep Fields (emission and absorption line galaxies): 100, 000 redshifts

•  Euclid Wide Survey (absorption line galaxies): 100,000 – 1 million redshifts

•  Spectroscopy of arcs/rings in the Euclid Wide and Deep Field: 75000 redshifts

•  Spectroscopic survey of Euclid clusters of galaxies (redshifts, velocity dispersion, substructures): 30000 clusters , 5000 at z>1

•  Spectroscopic surveys of z > 8 QSOs and z>7 Ly emitter galaxies: 10-10000

•  Spectroscopic survey of the Euclid dwarf galaxies sample: 50, 000

•  Spectroscopic survey of Euclid T 400K Y dwarfs: few 100

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid and MSE: time needed (from Côté et al : Feasibility Study Report)

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid and MSE: time needed (from Côté et al : Feasibility Study Report)

MSE: Euclid North Spectroscopic follow up

•  Large very deep spectroscopic sample to calibrate photo-z in Euclid Deep Fields (I=26.5 extended, 10-σ): 5000 redshifts over 20 deg2

•  Very deep spectroscopic sample to measure clustering redshifts in

•  Euclid Deep Fields (emission and absorption line galaxies): 100, 000 redshifts

•  Euclid Wide Survey (absorption line galaxies): 100,000 – 1 million redshifts

•  Spectroscopy of arcs/rings in the Euclid Wide and Deep fields: 75000 redshifts

•  Spectroscopic survey of Euclid clusters of galaxies (redshifts, velocity dispersion, substructures): 30000 clusters , 5000 at z>1,

•  Spectroscopic surveys of z > 8 QSOs and z>7 Ly emitter galaxies: 10-10000

•  Spectroscopic survey of the Euclid dwarf galaxies sample: 50, 000

•  Spectroscopic survey of Euclid T 400K Y dwarfs: few 100

à Considerable amount of targets (nb of spectra, nb of fields) and exposure times:

Between 100 to 1000 nights with MSE. Huge gain in deep fields.

Euclid and MSE CFHT Users Meeting, Nice 02 May, 2016

Euclid releases and MSE operation •  Launch in Q4 2020, survey starting about 3 months after

•  Wide survey (ground +space data)

•  2500 deg2 public in 2023,

•  7500 deg2 public in 2025,

•  15000 deg2 public and final 2027

•  Deep Survey (ground + space date)

•  40 deg2 public in 2023-2027

•  10 deg2 North Ecliptic Pole within the eROSITA North deep

•  10 deg2 South approaching Equatorial (exact field TBD)

•  20 deg2 close to South Ecliptic Pole (exact position TBD)

•  + several calibration fields (including COSMOS)

à MSE may be too late for calibration of photo-z of wide fields but on time for spectroscopic follow up of Euclid targets, calibration of photo-z of deep fields and spectroscopic samples for clustering redshifts in deep and wide fields