COPENHAGENBy :Nor Asmida Mohd Nasir Muhammad Aiman Rosly Rozita Abdullah Sani

INTRODUCTION• Copenhagen is the capital city of Denmark• With a metropolitan population of 1,992,114

(as of 1 Jan 2015).• It is situated on the eastern coast of Zealand,

164 km (102 mi) east of Odense and 28 km (17 mi) northwest of Malmö, Sweden.

• The city is the cultural, economic and governmental centre of Denmark.

• In 2012, Copenhagen was third in the ranking of the richest cities in the world in terms of gross earnings

Copenhagen : Solutions of Sustainable City

“Investing in sustainability also has financial benefits. Cleaning the water in our harbour improved the marine environment, and it also benefited business, tourism and real estate prices. And an integrated public transport system not only reduces traffic congestion, it also saves us billions of euros and keeps the city efficient and competitive. Our efforts have already yielded results, and Copenhagen has been named the 2014 European Green Capital.”

Lord mayor of Copenhagen

1. Mobility2. Water3. Energy4. Strategi

Copenhagen : Solutions of Sustainable City

MOBILITY

MOBILITY

DESIGNING A CITY FOR CYCLIST

TIME SAVING• Transport Network

Bicycles are integrated into the wider transport network. Passengers can easily transfer between cycling and public transport. Carriages on trains are upgraded to accommodate bicycles.

• Bicycle Super HighwaysA safer, faster, direct, continuous and comfortable way of

• Separate LanesCycle lanes along roads include a curb to separate cyclists fromcars and pedestrians

CONVENIENT

• No Missing-Links -Strategy2 bicycle bridges have been constructed as part of the no Missing-Links-Strategy

• Bicycle Parking

Good parking facilities for bikes.

• 43 km of ’greenways‘In Copenhagen green cycle routes are made to provide routes away frommain roads and through parks and recreational spaces.

• CargobikesDesign of different cargobikes gives families a great alternative to the car.

SAFE• ’Green Waves‘’ Green waves along some of the primary routes prioritize bicycles by adapting the green light to bicycles travelling at 20km/hour so that cyclists can travel non-stop.

• Safer Intersection The design of intersections is improved to ensure safety for cyclists.

• Cycle Lane Messages Bike counters along the cycle lanes reinforces the message, that cyclists matter in Copenhagen.

BENEFITS

• Economic– Cycling provides a low-

cost form of transport.– Reduced journey times

and traffic congestion increase economic productivity.

– healthier citizens reduce healthcare costs at an estimated rate of € 0.77 per km cycled.

• Environmental– Reduced noise.– Reduced air pollution.– Reduced CO2 emissions.

• Social– 88% of cyclist do it

because it is the fastest or most convenient way of getting to work.

– Creation of jobs.– Improved city life.

GIVING INTEGRATED PUBLICTRANSPORT THE GREEN LIGHT

• Green transport optimizes urban space and moves a larger number of people in a more effective way.

• In the same amount of space and time, 1 person can be transported in a car, 6 persons can be transported by bicycle and 4.5 persons by bus.

• Building a convenient and time-saving transport system makes it possible for passengers to move seamlessly between cycle, bus, train and metro services.

A CONVENIENT & TIME SAVING TRANSPORT SYSTEM

One TicketOne ticket is valid on bus, train and metro across all 3 public transport operators.

Text TicketingEnables passengers to simply textwhere they are going and receive a text reply which serves as a ticket.

Buses Fast ForwardUsing radio and GPS technology enables traffic controllers to keep lights green if buses are approaching.

A to BDevelopment of an online Journey Planner. An easy way to plan your journey from A to B across all the different transport modes.

Real Time InformationDigital signs at bus-stops tells you in real time when the bus will arrive and text messages notify you when there are delays in the train systems.

Bicycle FacilitiesSignificant bicycle parking facilities have been introduced in each metro station and train station.

BENEFITS

• Economic– Reduced traffic congestion

and fast and reliable journey times for both passengers and freight make Copenhagen a good place to work and do business.

– A reduction in congestion and lost hours. The hours lost due to traffic congestion currently constitute € 0,76 billion per year for the Capital Region.

• Environmental– Improved integration of the transport

system has resulted in an increase in trips made by public transport and a fall in private car usage.

• Social– Faster, safer, healthier and less

stressful journeys.– People use public transport and

cycling because it is the fastest, cheapest and most convenient way to travel.

– A reputation for Copenhagen as one of the most livable cities in the world

WATER

• The idea of swimming in Copenhagen’s harbour would

have been out of the question fifteen years ago, because :

– The discharge of waste water from sewers and industrial

companies polluted the water.

– The water was heavily polluted with sewage, algae, oil spills

and industrial waste.

– Close to 100 overflow channels fed wastewater into the

harbour making the water heavily polluted.

SOLUTION

• But not now,……

• The harbour was transformed into a blue public

space by:

– Modernising the sewage system.

– Adopting a cleaning programme,

– Diverting local rainwater.

– Commissioning a strong urban design to create a

recreational space.

• Automatic warning system

– By calculating and monitoring

the bacteria level, the system

identifies whether it is safe to

swim.

– An online forecast is available

on the city’s website and as an

app on smartphones.

• A three-tiered sewage system

• This new sewage system is

established in new urban districts.

• The system has already proved very

effective against flooding.

• Waste water is only discharged to

the harbour during particularly

heavy rainfall.

• Copenhagen is one of the few

capitals in which you can drink

high quality water directly from

the tap.

• As Copenhagen is growing, the

city faces the very real risk of

demand for water outstripping

groundwater supply.

MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES

ENERGY

The Force Of Public Support For Wind Power

The Municipality of Copenhagen aims to reduce its carbon emission through the establishing of profitable wind farms.

The Force Of Public Support For Wind Power

Recycling Waste In The City

Copenhagen now sends less than 2% of waste to landfill.

Almost 60% of the waste is recycled and maximum use is made of the residual waste to generate heat for the city’s district heating network.

Recycling Waste In The City

Switch On District Heating

District heating is one of the most carbon efficient and flexible ways to produce and supply energy locally.

By integrating renewable energy such as biomass, surplus wind energy and geothermal energy to replace fossil fuels in the system , further reductions of emissions have been achieved.

Switch On District Heating

Switch On District Heating

Keep The City Cool

• The increased demand for air conditioning and cooling has led to higher electricity consumption in many cities.

• In Copenhagen, their effort to provide low carbon cooling was by cooling network.

• Based on free cooling from seawater abstraction.

• This project is expected to save 30000 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year.

Keep The City Cool

Keep The City Cool

Builds & Retrofitting The Sustainable Way

Builds & Retrofitting The Sustainable Way

Builds & Retrofitting The Sustainable Way

STRATEGY

Urban Planning

Copenhagen- Carbon Neutral by 2025

• It is possible to combine growth, development and

increased quality of life with the reduction of CO₂

emissions.

• The goal of a 20% reduction by 2015 was already

achieved by 2011 when CO₂ emissions were reduced

by 21% compared to 2005.

• By 2025-the first carbon neutral capital.

Adapting To The Future Climate

CONCLUSION

Copenhagen has been named the 2014

European Green Capital.