eu-celac innovact platform: innovation to promote territorial … · 2019. 11. 8. · yerba mate 16...

June 2019

EU-CELAC Innovact Platform:

Innovation to promote Territorial

Cohesion

Mapping Report Border Area: Argentina - Brazil - Paraguay

EU-CELAC Innovact Platform: Innovation to promote

Territorial Cohesion

Mapping Report Border Area: Argentina - Brazil - Paraguay

June 2019

For any information regarding this document please contact:

María Pierrestegui [Argentina - Brasil - Paraguay Border area focal point]

[email protected]

+54 911 60444334

Juan Carlos Salazar, Deputy Project Manager in LATAM, Technopolis Group

[email protected]

+57 320 2115880

Table of Contents

Summary in EN 5

Resumen en español 6

The Context of the Border Area 6

Argentina- Brazil - Paraguay 6

National Level Priorities on each side of the Border 9

Argentina 9

SMEs support 9

Belgrano NEA- NOA Plan 9

Brazil 9

Regional Development 9

Value Chain Mapping in the Border Area 10

Tourism (+ ICTs) 10

Key Value Chain Characteristics and Indicators 11

Mapping of Key Players in the Value Chain 12

Main Policies 13

Opportunities for Cross Border Collaboration 15

Yerba Mate 16



Main Policies 17


Forestry - Paper and Furnitures 18

Paper 19



Furnitures 20


Mapping of Key Players in The Value Chain 20

Main Policies 21


Selection of Priority Value Chains 22

Recommendations for Next Tasks 24

Stakeholders participation 25

Paraguay contact 25

Sectorial Expert point of view 25

Contact Details of Interviewees 26

Argentina 26

Brazil 28

Summary in EN

Iguazú (Brasil) y Ciudad del Este (Paraguay), las cuales se encuentran aproximadamente a 20 km de

distancia entre cada una de ellas. Esta área fronteriza se encuentra dentro de una eco-región llamada

Jungla Paranaense, con un clima tropical húmedo.

Un hito en los esfuerzos por la integración de estos países fue la creación del MERCOSUR en 1991 el

cual se creó para promover la cooperación e integración regional así como la constitución de un área

de libre comercio entre sus estados miembro: Brasil, Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay. Son diversos los

programas y proyectos apoyados por la UE en los tres países de esta frontera, siendo uno de los más

relevantes para esta zona el IUC-LAC quien está trabajando en el Estado de Paraná en alianza con la

región de Valencia (España) en 2 cadenas productivas: TICs y Agroalimentos. Se destaca también el

proyecto "Urban Triangular Cooperation: Building Climate Resilient Development in the Paraná

Basin" gracias al cual se desarrolló en alianza con la Universidad de Leeds un portfolio de soluciones

para el desarrollo de resiliencia climática en las ciudades de esta triple frontera. En cuanto a las

principales prioridades nacionales, se destacan en Argentina el plan de apoyo a PYMES y el Plan

Belgrano NEA-NOA. En el marco de este Plan el gobierno seleccionó ciertas cadenas para ser

priorizadas a nivel nacional. Dos de ellas están presentes en esta región fronteriza: el turismo y la

madera-muebles. Brasil por su parte, ha venido desarrollando políticas de promoción regional de

cadenas productivas y recientemente definió como prioritaria la promoción a nivel nacional de las

TICs y la economía circular. También para Brasil es muy importante la transición de sus ciudades

hacia ciudades inteligentes y la ciudad de Curitiba, capital de Paraná, se destaca como una ciudad

modelo en este nuevo paradigma.

Las cuatros principales cadenas de valor transfronterizas identificadas en esta región fronteriza

fueron: el turismo + TICs, la yerba mate, el papel y los muebles. Para cada una, se llevó a cabo un

análisis basado en entrevistas a actores locales relevantes e información secundaria. Dicho análisis

intentó comprender las principales características de cada cadena y sus principales indicadores,

mapear a sus actores clave, describir sus principales políticas, e identificar oportunidades para

cooperación transfronteriza. A continuación, las cuatro cadenas se analizaron bajo un set de

dimensiones junto con los actores interesados. Estas dimensiones fueron: Tamaño y complejidad de la

cadena, Impacto económico y Oportunidad Institucional. Como resultado de este análisis, la cadena de

valor priorizada para el futuro trabajo en esta frontera fue Turismo, en alianza con TICs. Esto se

explica principalmente por la alineación con las prioridades de los gobiernos de ambos países y con el

gran potencial que presentan las TICs para hacer crecer aún más el turismo en esta región y volverlo

más competitivo. El turismo ya es una de las principales cadenas de valor en la región, principalmente

atraídos por las cataratas del Iguazú, una de las 7 maravillas del mundo. En 2015, el Estado de Paraná

recibió 15,9 millones de turistas y al aeropuerto de Foz de Iguazú llegaron 2,01 millones de pasajeros.

Los turistas se quedaron en promedio 4,5 noches y sus gastos diarios fueron de 80 USD per cápita. En

dicho año, se estima que el turismo generó USD 1,71 billones y empleó a 150. 428 personas. Misiones,

en 2017, recibió 1,21 millones de turistas y 1 millón de pasajeros arribaron al aeropuerto de Puerto

Iguazú. En dicho año, la estadía promedio fue de 4,7 noches (3,15 específicamente en Pto Iguazú) y el

gasto promedio de USD 48,21 (USD 62,43 en Puerto Iguazú). Los ingresos estimados por el turismo en

Misiones en 2016 fueron de USD 1,270,876,562.54 y los puestos de trabajo directos fueron 9.526 en

2017.

Es muy importante considerar que los próximos pasos de este proyecto deberán contar con la

participación de actores locales del sector privado de la región y con actores clave de Paraguay para

realizar un análisis más exhaustivo de los desafíos del turismo en este destino. Agregará también

mucho valor al proyecto contar con un análisis estratégico del sector, tendencias internacionales en

turismo, factores de éxito claves para cada nicho y la posterior selección de proyectos que refuercen la

competitividad del turismo en la región.

1 Resumen en español

The area surrounding the cities of Puerto Iguazú (Argentina), Foz de Iguazú (Brazil) and Ciudad del

Este (Paraguay) is known as the Triple Border, with an average distance of 20 km between each other.

This border area is located within an eco-region called Jungle Paranaense, with a humid tropical

climate.

A milestone in the integration efforts of these countries was the creation of MERCOSUR in 1991 which

was created to promote regional cooperation and integration as well as the constitution of a free trade

area among its member states: Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. Programs and projects

supported by the EU in the three countries of this border are diverse, being one of the most relevant

for this zone IUC-LAC who is currently working in the State of Paraná in alliance with the region of

Valencia (Spain) in 2 productive chains: ICTs and Agro-food. The project "Urban Triangular

Cooperation: Building Climate Resilient Development in the Paraná Basin" also highlights, where a

portfolio of solutions for climate resilience development in the triple border cities was developed in

alliance with the University of Leeds. As for main national priorities in Argentina, a support plan for

SMEs and the “Belgrano NEA-NOA Plan” stand out. Within the framework of this Plan, the

Argentinian government selected certain chains to be prioritized at national level. Two of them are

present in this border region: tourism and wood-furniture. Brazil, for its part, has been developing

policies for the regional promotion of production chains and recently defined the national level

promotion of ICTs and circular economy as a priority. Another priority for Brazil is the transition of its

cities into Smart Cities, and Curitiba, capital of Paraná, stands out as a model city in this new

paradigm.

The four main cross-border value chains identified in this border region were: tourism + ICTs, yerba

mate, paper and furnitures. For each one, an analysis was carried out based on interviews with

relevant local actors and secondary information. This analysis attempted to understand the main

characteristics of each chain and its main indicators, map its key actors, describe its main policies, and

identify opportunities for cross-border cooperation. The four chains were then analysed under a set of

dimensions together with stakeholders. These dimensions were: Size and complexity of the chain,

Economic impact and Institutional Opportunity. As a result of this analysis, the value chain prioritized

for future work on this border was Tourism, in alliance with ICTs. This is mainly explained by the

alignment with the priorities of the governments of both countries and the great potential of ICTs to

make tourism in this region grow even more and become more competitive. Tourism is already one of

the main value chains in the region, mainly attracted by the Iguazu Falls, one of the 7 wonders of the

world. In 2015, the State of Paraná received 15.9 million tourists and Foz do Iguaçu airport received

2.01 million passengers. Tourists stayed an average of 4.5 nights and their daily expenses were 80 USD

per capita. In that year, it is estimated that tourism generated USD 1.71 billion and employed 150,428

people. In 2017, Misiones received 1.21 million tourists and 1 million passengers arrived at Puerto

Iguazu airport. In that year, the average stay was 4.7 nights (3.15 specifically in Pto Iguazu) and the

average expense was USD 48.21 (USD 62.43 in Puerto Iguazu). The estimated income from tourism in

Misiones in 2016 was USD 1,270,876,562.54 and direct jobs were 9,526 in 2017.

It is very important to consider that next steps of this project should involve local actors from private

sector in the region and key actors from Paraguay in order to conduct a more comprehensive analysis

of the challenges of tourism in this destination. A strategic analysis of the sector, international trends

in tourism, key success factors for each niche and the subsequent selection of projects that strengthen

the competitiveness of tourism in the region will also add much value to the project.

2 The Context of the Border Area

2.1 Argentina- Brazil - Paraguay

The great area surrounding the cities of Puerto Iguazú (Misiones, Argentina), Foz de Iguaçu (Paraná,

Brazil) and Ciudad del Este (Alto Paraná, Paraguay) is known as the Triple Border. This cities are

around 20 km away from each other1. Right in the center of this border region is the Argentine

province of Misiones, with a population of 1.21 million people (INDEC, 2017). This province only

shares 90 km of its borders with Argentina, while the majority are shared with Brazil (900km) and

Paraguay (376 km). Almost 50 million residents live less than 1,000 km from each side of these

borders, in Misiones and in the Brazilian departments of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa

Catarina and the Paraguayan departments of Alto Paraná and Itapúa.

The Triple Border is located within an eco-region called “Paranaense Jungle”, composed of a jungle of

humid semi-tropical and humid tropical climate, with a high diversity of species that inhabit a high

forest with several rivers and streams. It occupies the province of Misiones, sections of the

southwestern states of Brazil and the east of the eastern region of Paraguay.

Figure 1: Map of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay border region

In terms of regional cooperation and integration, the triple border is characterized by the dynamics of

each country and by the dynamics generated between them. This region is better characterized by a

greater focus that brings a political context in view of the integration process of the three countries.

Political approachment processes between countries of this region were the basis of the South

American integration project that led to the creation of the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR)

in 1991. One of its objectives was to promote regional cooperation and integration and to constitute a

free trade area for goods among its four member states: Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.

Three of its cross-border cooperation programs are worth to be highlighted2: •Structural Convergence

Programme: this programme contributes to the development of smaller economies and less developed

regions, including the improvement of border integration systems. •Competitiveness Development

Program: its objective is to contribute to the competitiveness of production, promoting the integration

of production chains and the strengthening of public and private institutions in aspects related to the

quality of production, as well as research and development of new products and production processes.

•Social Cohesion Programme: its objective is to contribute to social development, particularly in

border areas.

Regarding Bilateral Relationships between Argentina and Brazil, trade flow between them reached

USD 26,000 million in 2018, 3.89% less than previous year. Specifically in terms of border integration

policies, in 2011 the Border Cooperation and Development Commission (CODEFRO) was formed,

which is the highest bilateral body responsible for border bi-national policies deliberation and for

sending requests from Brazil-Argentina Border Integration Committees. This committees meet

annually in different border cities from both countries3. Trade flow between Brazil and Paraguay in

1 28,5 Distances: Puerto Iguazú - Foz de Iguazú (15,1 km), Puerto Iguazú - Ciudad del Este (28,5 km) and Foz de Iguazú - Ciudad del Este (11,9 km) 2 http://focem.opp.gub.uy/inicio/programas_a_financiar/ 3http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4785&Itemid=478&cod_pais=ARG&tipo=ficha_pais&lang=pt-BR

2018 was USD 4,000 million (Min. Foreign Relations Brazil) with a sustained increase in the last 10

years of almost 300%4. Trade between Argentina and Paraguay also shows positive indicators with a

USD 2,400 million in 2017, representing 30% over the previous year, and a record bilateral trade in

20185. For Paraguay, a Mediterranean country, its relationships with Brazil and Argentina contribute

enormously to its competitiveness by offering a connection with the Atlantic Ocean and the possibility

to drain its production through it. Two construction projects stand out in this border region: a second

bridge over Paraná River, between Foz do Iguaçu (PR) and Presidente Franco, and a Bridge over the

Paraguay River, between Porto Murtinho (MS) and Carmelo Peralta, as they will allow a greater

integration between economies and boost foreign trade in South America.

Within the framework of bilateral relations between the European Union and Mercosur, several

programs and projects supported by the EU are being implemented in the Triple Border countries,

highlighting the following:

-EUROSOCIAL: Has been working in 15 countries in the region (including Argentina, Brazil and

Paraguay) since 2010. Its objective is to contribute to the improvement of social cohesion in Latin

American countries, as well as to promote institutional strengthening, by supporting public policies

design, reform and implementation processes. Its actions are mainly focused in the areas of

government, governance and social policies. It is currently going through its third phase.

-IUC-LAC: Has been working in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru from 2017 to

2020. Its objective is to promote regular contact among regions and give financial support to local and

international achievements in Urban Agenda, SDGs and Paris Agreement. In Paraná, the programme

is working in partnership with the region of Valencia (Spain) on 2 productive chains: Information and

Communication Technology (ICT) and Agro-food. In Argentina and Paraguay, later activities were

focused on urban development, distinguishing trainings held in the capital city of Misiones, Posadas

and it neighboring city in Paraguay, Encarnación, within the area of influence of this cross-border

region, in alliance with the University of Vigo (Spain).

-INNOVAL: Has been working mainly at national level in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru and Colombia

from 2016 to 2020. Its objective is to share information and lessons learned to contribute to

innovation policy definition, implementation and management and intelligent specialization in Latin

America. There is special emphasis on decentralized innovation policy processes and RIS processes.

This program is supported by an online platform, as well as INNOVACT. In Argentina, INNOVAL has

been focusing on the promotion of science and technology policies decentralization as part of regional

development processes focused on innovation. Its working group is composed by the Secretariat of the

Government of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, the Ministry of Interior, Public Works

and Housing, the Ministry of Production and Labour, the National Institute of Agricultural Technology

(INTA) and the National Institute of Industrial Technology (INTI). The following cities and partnering

European regions have been selected: Córdoba with Castilla y León (Spain), Salta with Alentejo

(Portugal) and Tierra del Fuego with Ostrobothnia (Finland). In Brazil, INNOVAL aims to promote

dissemination and learning experiences of good practices in European regional policy and generate

cooperation agreements between 3 Brazilian states (Pará, Paraná and Pernambuco) and European

counterparts: Northeast Romania, Wielkopolska (Poland) and Tolna County (Hungary).

This border area, in relation to South America, is one of the most exposed regions to extreme weather

events and has numerous vulnerabilities (poverty, economic and political instability, lack of resources

and infrastructure). In this sense, it is vital that cities take action to reduce their vulnerability to

climate change and that they build climate-resilient development. The project "Urban Triangular

Cooperation: Building Climate Resilient Development in the Paraná Basin" aims to identify strategies

to improve trans-boundary cooperation at city level, enabling cost-effective and inclusive climate

resilient development. The project is funded by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network

(CDKN), the International Development Research Centre (Canada) (IDRC) and the Latin American

Future Foundation (FFLA), under the joint initiative of Climate Resilient Cities in Latin America. As

4http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5635&Itemid=478&cod_pais=PRY&tipo=ficha_pais&lang=pt-BR 5 https://epara.cancilleria.gob.ar/es/argentina-y-paraguay-comercio-bilateral-r%C3%A9cord-en-2018

one of the results of this project, a document has been developed by Leeds University with different

proposed solutions in order to build climate resilience in the cities of this triple border6.

3 National Level Priorities on each side of the Border

Considering the size of the borders between Misiones and its neighbour countries, this analysis will

narrow the scope of the border region and mainly take into account Argentina and Brazil for in depth

analysis and future work. Considering the proximity of Ciudad del Este to the cities of Puerto Iguazú

and Foz de Iguazú, Paraguay may also be taken into account on the next phase.

3.1 Argentina

3.1.1 SMEs support7

Within the framework of recent economic and social measures launched by the national government in

April 2019, certain policies were defined to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

● AFIP Payment Plan, in order to regularize overdue tax debts with lower rates and longer

periods

● Better conditions for merchants, as they will receive money from credit card sales sooner and

will not be charged by banks for receiving cash.

● Fewer withholding taxes for exporting SMEs, all companies that export above previous year

average are excluded of export duties payments. This measure is only applicable to exporters

of less than USD$ 50 million per year.

3.1.2 Belgrano NEA- NOA Plan

The Plan Belgrano, which depends from the Productive Integration Secretary of the National Ministry

of Production is in charge of the design of the productive strategy in 10 provinces from the north of the

country: Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Catamarca, La Rioja, Misiones, Chaco, Corrientes

y Formosa. This initiative seeks to articulate structural goals, which involve the modernization of

productive structure, training of human resources, financing, measures to reduce logistics costs and

access to new markets for value chains. Priority sectors are apiculture, fruit, tourism, forestry-

furniture, pigs, cotton textiles, among others. Only 2 of the value chains developed in the triple

frontier are relevant at a national level: tourism and forestry- furniture.

From the National Ministry of Interior, Plan Belgrano and the Industrial Ministry of Misiones, as a

regional political cooperation between the European Union and Argentina in multilevel governance

systems, some training sessions were held. This trainings aimed to capitalize the European experience

in this area in order to adapt it to a regional version. The objective is to encourage multilevel actors to

develop strategies and the coordination to achieve a balanced and sustainable regional development.

3.2 Brazil

3.2.1 Regional Development

The Regional Development Ministry is working in the development of value chains to improve social

and economic regional inequalities, as the result of the fusion of the Ministry of Integration and the

City Ministry. The main criteria for the selection of productive chains are: potential of productive

inclusion, regional representation, environmental sustainability, growth potential, employment

intensive activity, possibility of a technological approach, etc. Main chains selected in 2015 are:

6 This solutions were designed based on vulnerability analysis, focus groups and interviews with different people from different sectors and were presented to decision-makers, municipal authorities and technical actors in October 2017. 7 https://www.casarosada.gob.ar/pdf/Medidas%20econmicas%20y%20sociales.pdf

North Northeast Center- West North west South

Acai and amazonia fruits

Apiculture and Meliponiculture

Diary and milk Fruticulture Diary and Milk

Biodiversity Sheep and goat breeding

Pisciculture Tourism and culture

Confection

Pisciculture Culture and tourism

Wood and furniture

Fashion TICs

During 2019 two more value chains where prioritized in the Regional Development Ministry: TICs and

Circular economy and recycle. The objective is to lead sectoral and territorial strategies, coordinate the

structure of this routes, and develop territorial governance and project portfolios at priority poles.

3.2.2 SMART CITIES8

Smart Cities are defined as cities capable of using information and communication technology (ICT) in

order to create better infrastructures for citizens. From public transport to energy saving,

sustainability or efficiency in all its aspects.

Brazil is very interested in developing Smart Cities and began its smart city endeavour long before

many smart cities in the world. Since the beginning, the federal government (and the local

municipalities) of the region have focused on improving the relationship between the government with

its cities and citizens. The 4th edition of Connected Smart Cities (CSC)9 has analysed Brazil cities

considering 11 development indicators and identified the top 5 smart cities of Brazil: Curitiba, Vitoria,

Belo Horizonte, San Pablo and Río de Janeiro.

Curitiba is the smartest, the most connected and the most virtuous city of Brazil in the state of Paraná.

Its development has always followed the path of sustainability. In fact, it has also managed to increase

the population sustainably from 300,000 residents in the 50s to 2.5 million in the 90s.Thanks to the

vision, Curitiba has one of the most sustainable transport systems in the world. Besides, the city has 55

square meters of green public space per capita. The statistics are much greater than the recommended

UN standards. With reduce, reuse and recycle policy the city along with a population of over 2 million

citizens is able to recycle 70% of the waste.

4 Value Chain Mapping in the Border Area

Throughout different interviews and meetings held in Posadas, Curitiba and Buenos Aires, four

priority value chains for the territory were identified, which have been analysed. This first selection

took into account those chains with the greater impact on both countries: Tourism (+ ICts), Yerba

Mate, Paper and Furniture. There are other relevant chains in this area, which have a main impact in

only one country (such as Poultry and Cereals in Brazil or Tobacco and Tea in Argentina) but are less

developed from a cross-border perspective and on the other side of the border.

4.1 IT for a Sustainable Tourism10

In this border area, a strong concentration of tourist activity occurs due to Iguazu Falls11, which were

declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1984. Also since 2011 they were proclaimed as one of

8 https://www.smartcity.press/brazil-smart-cities/ 9 Platform that brings entities, governments, and companies together with a vision to find the DNA of innovation and improvement in cities 10 Informes Productivos Provinciales, Misiones, Ministerio de Hacienda (enero 2018) Anuario Estadístico de Turismo, Misiones 2017 http://www.turismo.pr.gov.br/arquivos/File/institucional/PLANO_DE_TURISMO/ParanaTuristico2026documentocompleto__1.pdf

the 7th Wonders of the world. The Iguazu Falls are literally in the frontier of Brazil and Argentina, and

the nearest cities are Puerto Iguazu (Argentina) and Foz de Iguaçu (Brazil), which are 15,1 Km from

each other. This destination has also the peculiarity that the experience is totally different in each side.

On the Argentinean side, you are over and inside the Iguazú falls and on the Brazilian side you can

have a better view of them. This complementarities make each neighbour part of an international and

very attractive destination, which must work together to potential each effort.

Tourism is a value chain that integrates other branches at the same time and thereby generates

extensive and virtuous links to other chains. Tourism has being changing during the last years, and

such as other sectors, the ICTs has and impact in the business touring a digital business, where the

tourist starts his holidays searching information with his own phone in his own city and finish them on

the same way but with an experience to share. ICTs have influenced the way of communicating and

doing business, enabling middle tourist actors get in touch with authentic, new and unique

experiences.

Main tourist destinations in Misiones are Puerto Iguazú and Posadas, its provincial capital. The State

of Paraná concentrates its tourist flow in 3 regions: the Littoral, the Pinhão Routes (including Curitiba

and the Metropolitan Region) and the Caminhos ao Lago de Itaipu.

4.1.1 Key Value Chain Characteristics and Indicators

Tourism in this region converges all year round, although demand increases slightly on long weekends

and holiday season.

During 2017, 1,212,415 tourists arrived at Misiones, an increase of 13.1% compared to 2016. The

majority of visitors were from Argentina (80.16%) followed by those from Mercosur countries (5.76%),

foreign countries (4.55%) and Latin American countries (1.22%). Countries emitting the largest

amount of tourists to Misiones are: Brazil, Paraguay, France, Spain and Uruguay. According to

estimations by Paraná Tourism, 15.9 million tourists visited Paraná in 2015. This places Paraná

third in national ranking (behind São Paulo and Minas Gerais), and in the fourth place in foreign

tourist arrivals, with 837,043,000 tourists (behind São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul).

Main countries emitting tourists to Paraná are: Argentina, Paraguay, United States and Germany. It

should be noted that most tourists arrive to the area by car and to a lesser extent by bus and air

transport.

In 2017, 1,001,151 passengers (not all of them tourists) disembarked at Iguazu Falls International

Airport (Argentina), which means an average daily traffic of 2,743 people and the 82,6% of the total air

provincial traffic. This shows, the high degree of aerial dependence on Puerto Iguazú as a tourist

destination occupying N° 11 position in Argentina. Data from the State of Paraná indicate that

2,014,464 people disembarked at Foz do Iguaçu Airport (Brazil), an daily average traffic of 5,519

passengers. This airport was the second in the State of Paraná in number of arrivals, led by Curitiba, its

capital, with 3,603,307 passengers in 2015.

In relation to the historical series of visits registered at the Iguazú National Park (on the Argentinean

side) between 2007 and 2017, they grew 40%, with an average annual growth rate of 4.0%. In 2017, the

Iguazu National Park reached a new historical visitors record: it received 1,425,953 visitors, 12.1%

more than in 2016, which is mainly explained by the increase in visits from national tourists and

Mercosur residents.

As for overnight stays, the total number of nights occupied in Misiones grew between 2006 and 2016 ,

reaching 1.5 million overnight stays in Puerto Iguazú and Posadas in the last year. In 2016, 1.2 million

of those were in Puerto Iguazu. Estimates indicate that the average stay of tourists in Misiones in 2017

was 4.7 nights, 2.1% less than in 2016. The city with the highest average overnight stay was Puerto

11 This Falls have 275 falls of up to 70 meters high to the north of the province on the border with Brazil, and host more than 2,000 species of plants and fauna characteristic of the region, including tapirs, giant anteaters, howler monkeys, ocelots, jaguars and caimans.

Iguazu with an average stay of 3.15 nights. (Hotel Occupancy Survey). In the entire State of Paraná the

average stay has increased significantly (4.5 nights in 2015) compared to 2010 when the average stay

was only 2 nights.

Average expenditure per capita of tourists who visited Misiones in 2017 totalled USD 48.2112 for those

who paid accommodation and USD 25.5713 for those who did not. The highest value during 2017 was in

Puerto Iguazú, where each person spent an average of USD 62.4314 lodging service included and USD

35.6415 when they visited the city without spending the night. Estimated average expenditure per

capita per day of tourists in the State of Paraná in 2015 was USD 80.00, similar to national average.

It is possible to visualize the growth of tourism economic activity in Misiones from USD 316,967.2316

in 2001 to USD 539,766,3117 in 2011, which represents an increase of about 560.5% over 11 years18.

According to the latest calculation of the General Revenue Directorate, in 2016 tourism in Misiones

generated USD 1,270,876,56219, representing 7.1% of the Gross Geographic Product of that year.

According to data provided by Paraná Turismo, state tourism in 2015 represented an income of about

USD$ 1,71 billions20 in 2015.

Considering that tourism generates employment in other sectors besides hotels and restaurants,

according to the National Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security of Argentina, the

contribution of tourism activity to private registered wage employment in Misiones was 9,526 jobs

generated by tourism (3rd quarter of 2017). In this period the economic activity of tourism and travel

represented 8.5% of total registered private sector wage earners in the province of Misiones. Data

from 2014 indicate that this sector generated 150,428 direct jobs in the State of Paraná, which is

around 5% of the national tourist sector.

4.1.2 Mapping of Key Players in the Value Chain

The tourism chain distinguishes itself with a network of local, national and global actors that provide

services to passengers from the moment they start thinking of a trip until they return home. Among

the specific services offered to tourists in this area there are: air and ground transportation,

accomodations establishments and tourism agencies. In addition, there are natures, cultural and

gastronomic circuits. Main activities offered to tourists are ecotourism (adventure tourism, bird

watching, lodging in the jungle, among others), cultural and religious tourism (native peoples, Jesuit

trail, faith tourism21, museums and popular festivals), rural tourism (circuit of yerba mate), hot

springs, golf, spa, hiking, beaches, nautical tours, and so on. ICT companies are also included in this

chain, as they provide tools that facilitate the flow of information between the actors of the destination

and the tourist, facilitate purchasing processes and improve experiences.

Regarding the air connection, Misiones has 2 international airports: Iguazú Falls, mainly with air

routes to Buenos Aires, to a lesser extent to Salta and an international route with Rio de Janeiro. The

other airport, Libertador Gral. San Martín, is located in Posadas. Since 2017, the province of Misiones

established a direct connection with the cities of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Rosario and Salta. The

traditional companies carrying out regular flights were: Aerolíneas Argentinas, Andes and LATAM but

one of the main national transport policies that significantly affected Misiones was the opening of new

air routes and the promotion of the establishment of new LOW Cost airlines in the country such as

Flybondi, Norwegian, Avianca Argentina, Andes and JetSmart. Paraná has 5 airports that operate

12 ARS$ 836,99 (TC 2017: 17,36) 13 ARS$ 443,99 (TC 2017: 17,36) 14 AR$1.083,88 (TC 2017: 17,36) 15 AR $618,75 (TC 2017: 17,36) 16 AR $339.154,94 (TC 2001: 1,07) 17 AR$2.240.030,2o (TC 2011: 4,15) 18 In 2001 Argentina suffered one of its worst economic, political and social crisis, so this growth is affected for this effect. 19 AR $18.897.934.485 (TC 2016: 14,87) 20 R$ 5.7 billion reais (TC 2015: 3,32) 21 According to data from the World Travel Market Latin America's 2015 Trends Report, Brazilian religious tourism stands out as one of the largest in the sector and points to growth, which moved about 15 billion reais in Brazil in 2015. Data from 2015 from the Ministry of Tourism, reports that some 10 million religious tourists made trips without spending the night at the destination (hikers) and another 7.7 million stayed, at least one night in the place.

commercial flights, they are: Afonso Peña International Airport - São José dos Pinhais, Cataratas

International Airport - Foz do Iguaçu, Gobernador José Richa Airport - Londrina, Silvio Name Junior

Regional Airport - Maringa, Cel. Adalberto Mendes da Silva Municipal Airport - Rattlesnake. The main

airlines operating in Paraná are Avianca, Goal, Blue, Latam and Passaredo.

Accomodations establishments include a various category of hotels, from large luxury hotels, boutique

hotels to hostels and cabins. In Misiones, the supply of tourist accommodation grew steadily during

the last 10 years, reaching 562 establishments and 22,515 beds in 2017. This implied average

annual growth rates of 11.9% in establishments and 6.8% in places, suggesting a trend towards the

opening of new establishments of smaller average size. Puerto Iguazú together with Posadas

concentrate 58.4% of the infrastructure in accommodation in the province of Misiones measured in

establishments. Specifically, Puerto Iguazú has 50.1% of the provincial lodging measured in

establishments and 50.5% of the places. The data indicate that the state of Paraná had a total of

20,102 establishments considered touristic in 2014, of which 1,794 were hotels or other types of

accommodation. The rest were restaurants, agencies, transport, among others. That same year Paraná

had 8,200 housing units throughout the state, which increased 28% in 2016, to 10,500 housing units.

During these two years, housing units grew 19% in Curitiba and 32% in Foz do Iguaçu, with 5,234

and 1,447 housing units in 2016 respectively.

In 2017, a total of 105 travel agencies (inbound and outbound tourism) were registered in the

missionary territory. 40.4% of the authorized agencies are concentrated mainly in Posadas, while in

Puerto Iguazú there are 31.4%. Within the framework of the "Receptive Paraná" project of the

Secretariat of Tourism of the State of Paraná - SETU and SEBRAE-PR in 2012, a study was carried out

to learn more about the tourism offer at that time. The results showed that in Paraná at that time had

37 companies dedicated to receptive tourism, offering 7 main destinations along the State.

As for ICT companies in the region, the ICT chain in the State of Paraná stands out with 365

companies registered in 2011 and a strong state promotion as it is considered a priority route at the

national level, as seen before. In Misiones, there are about 20 ICT companies in 2019, who are

gathering an incipient technology cluster in Posadas.

4.1.3 Main Policies

Of the Argentine policies at national and provincial level to promote tourism in the region, the

following are distinguished:

- Federal Tourism Plan 2016-2019. Main objectives: to increase formal jobs in the sector; to

increase the arrival of international tourists and to raise domestic tourism of residents.

Strengthening of the tourist product Argentina, and the different regional corridors.

- Refund of VAT (21%): refund of the tax to foreign tourists for accommodation services

throughout the country to the extent that they are implemented through the use of some

means of payment involving the transfer of funds to the country from abroad (Decree

1043/2016).

- National Decrees No. 1584 and 1585 of 2010, implemented by the National Government with

the objective of giving predictability to the calendar of holidays and long weekends in

Argentina. Therefore, a total of 14 fixed holidays and 2 moveable holidays were established.

Long weekends and holidays collaborate with regional economies to have a constant flow of

tourists throughout the year giving predictability to the work of this sector.

- Works at Iguazu Airport (2016) construction of a new 27-meter-high control tower, with 360°

visual optics and state-of-the-art technological equipment. Financing: ORSNA Trust (National

Airport System Regulatory Agency) Total remodeling (2018) of new passenger terminal,

expansion of vehicle parking and runway reconstruction. The first part of the work related to

the expansion of the parking lot (from 180 spaces to 400).

- During 2017, several tourism quality certifications existing in the province of Misiones were

carried out. These certifications are derived from the Argentine Tourism Quality System

(SACT), which is based on a set of tools specially designed to promote quality in each of the

tourist services offered by destinations throughout the territory.

- Development of the Coastal Ecotourism Corridor, made up of seven large areas: Iguazú NP

(Misiones) and Moconá Falls PP (Misiones), Iberá RP, Impenetrable NP, Bañado de la

Estrella, Jaaukanigas Ramsar Site and Santa Fe Islands NP; Pre Delta NP and El Palmar NP,

has a high tourism potential and has not yet managed to take advantage of the benefits of this

activity. Another area of development is the enhancement of rivers as natural resources and

opportunities for the development of local communities, implementing the Paraná River

Fluvial Corridor through the development of river cruises, catamarans and nautical sports

tourism. The province is working on the opening of ports, specifically will begin with the work

of the port of Posadas.

- Governments are also seeking to strengthen the relationship between tourist visitation and

country's protected areas, through territorial tourism deconcentration, the reduction of

seasonality, the development of new products, the enhancement of emblematic tourist

destinations, the improvement of competitiveness and environmental preservation. Work is

being done on the Jesuit Route through an IDB Loan 1648/OC-AR that covers several

countries (Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil). In Argentina, the Province of

Misiones is one of the key destinations and could be a an approach point to the triple border

neighbours countries. In addition, at the national level, works are being carried out to reduce

the disposal of solid urban waste in open-air landfills and to increase adequate disposal in

sanitary landfills designed, built and operated in urban centres and tourist municipalities.

- At the provincial level, within the framework of FIT 2017, a Tourism Cooperation Agreement

was signed between the provinces of Salta and Misiones with the objective of strengthening

the NOA - NEA corridor as a joint product, taking advantage of the Northern Air Corridor that

connects the City of Salta with Puerto Iguazú and the tourist attraction of these two cities for

both national and foreign tourists.

In Brazil, a priority national tourism policy related to "Smart Cities" development is the promotion of

"Smart Destinations". With the already developed structure of Smart Cities, it becomes easier to adapt

and develop certain tourist destinations. Smart tourist destinations are differentiated tourist

structures that facilitate the interaction and integration of visitors before, during and after the trip and

increase the quality of their experience with the destination, through the use of innovative

methodologies and technologies under three pillars: governance, technology and sustainable

development.

As for Paraná Tourism main policies are:

- State Tourism Policy instituted by State Law No. 15,973 on November 13, 2008 based on

studies by the Strategic Planning Group of the Paranense Tourism Council. Its objective is an

effectively developed Paraná, within the standards of sustainability, quality and

competitiveness. The Council is its forum for debate and follow-up. It points out as

instruments, the Council itself, the current development plan approved by the Council, the

related legislation, as well as incentives for the expansion, qualification and promotion of the

state and municipal tourism offer and the statistical research available at the national, state

and municipal levels. Strategic areas for state tourism planning include: a) Management and

Promotion of State Tourism; b) Development of Tourist Destinations; c) Promotion and

Support of Commercialization.

- As a result of a joint and consensual construction process between the public sector, the

private sector and civil society, the Paraná Tourism Plan 2026 follows the state policy of

Paraná Tourism (Law No. 15.973/2008) and constitutes a "participative strategic instrument

that orients efforts towards a challenging vision of the future, provides objectives, strategies

and macro-programs based on a management aimed at promoting a change in tourism in

Paraná, in the time frame from 2016 to 2026, seeking to apply it on the basis of the principles

of sustainability, institutional alignment, adequate budgets, internal communication and,

above all, in the rational use of heritage, through the establishment of a true pact to build an

intelligent tourist destination.

- Creation of the "Paraná Brand" in 2008, for the 10 Tourism Regions of Paraná existing at that

time (there are currently 14 regions).

- Paraná Criativo Program, of the Brazilian Association of State Secretary of Culture of Paraná

(SEEC), of the promotion of sustainable development from the Creative Economy.

SouCuritiba is a creative economy project that encourages the development of innovative

souvenirs, generating business opportunities for local producers. To 2016, four editions have

trained more than 100 producers, among them: designers, artisans, advertisers, visual artists,

among other creative entrepreneurs

- “Festival das Cataratas”22 is a space to generate business between tourism professionals and to

promote destinations, products and services. This event is intended for travel agents, tour

operators, destinations and attractions, accommodation media, airlines, private and

government institutions, specialized press, digital influencers, hotel professionals, service

providers, technology developers, teachers, researchers, students and other professionals. In

addition, the Festival focuses on technological innovations, socio-environmental responsibility

actions and stimulation of the production and dissemination of science, with a positive impact

on the entire tourist production chain. The 14th edition of this Festival will take place in June,

12-14 of this year.

4.1.4 Opportunities for Cross Border Collaboration

In the last seven decades, tourism has grown steadily, consolidating itself as one of the most important

economic sectors in the world. Tourism industry had a 10% share of global GDP and generates 1 in 10

jobs, representing 30% of world exports of services and 7% of total world exports (i.e. counting goods

and services) in 2017. (UNWTO) There is a great opportunity for progress in this chain as a result of

the cooperation between tour operators and the subnational authorities of the three countries (tourist

corridor, register of operators).

The "Smart Destination" concept has become a new and growing paradigm of urban planning and

management (in particular in Brazil), present and appreciated by several planning initiatives in the

21st century. An Intelligent Tourist Destination is an innovative tourist destination, consolidated on an

avant-garde technological infrastructure that guarantees the sustainable development of the tourist

territory. Accessible to all, it facilitates the interaction and integration of the visitor with the

environment and increases the quality of their experience in the destination, while improving the life

quality of the resident.

General population has several facilities to obtain key information for their purchase decision and the

Internet is already the main source of information for travelers. This makes it easier and more

autonomous for the end customer to manage the trip, influencing all phases of the trip, from

inspiration, through planning, booking, the trip itself and sharing. Therefore, the exchange of

information provided by digital media has proven to be an important means in the purchasing decision

making process. This has led tourism stakeholders to redesign their digital marketing strategies,

introducing and developing new tools, especially georeferencing, augmented reality and social

technologies (sharing photos, videos and opinions) in order to improve the exchange of information

and expand the influence of tourists. The allied with the TICs make the subject increasingly important

for tourism companies and destination managers in order to address the end consumer directly.

However, this trend has advantages and disadvantages associated with ingesting the information that

is shared, and it is up to those involved to develop ways to act positively with this information. There is

also an increasing use of mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets for research, purchase and

booking of transport and accommodation, among others, as well as increased access to specialised web

portals through such devices. However, the use of conventional computers (personal and laptops)

remains predominant. The Brazilian E-Commerce Conversion Report 2016 presents optimistic figures

for the online sales segment in its latest edition. For the 2016 edition, the survey included, for the first

time, the category "Travel" in the study. With this, Tourism emerges as the category with the highest

sales volume (15.03%), surpassing "Appliances" (14.02%) and "Computers" (11.90%), for example.

Sharing Economy has also emerged as an innovative and dynamic phenomenon, heterogeneous and

disturbing. This model has characteristics and manifestations in different markets, products and

services, establishing itself as a new paradigm that coexists with the models and points to changes in

the world economic scenario. In this context, tourism appears as one of the main motor activities and

22 http://festivaldascataratas.com/

sensitive to these new production and consumption practices. This economy is characterized by the

collaborative interaction between one or more people by means of digital platforms in order to share

goods or services. These platforms had a significant impact on the tourism and leisure sector, both in

terms of how they are distributed, as well as the fact that they offer access to services that are cheaper

than those offered by the conventional market. The accelerated growth of these platforms, already

observed, supposes an important concern for the industry, due to the fact that in many cases the

suppliers of the Sharing Economy are not subject to the same regulations as the traditional

establishments, pointing out the need to develop new regulatory frameworks for the sustainable

operation of the same. Above all, embraced by the millennia, the Airbnb are the greatest example of

success of this shared economy. This seasonal rental site has become the world's largest

accommodation network and the third most valuable on the planet. In a recent survey (2016) by the

consulting firm Mapie, entitled The Future of Hospitality, 31.45% of those interviewed stated that they

use the service (Airbnb) as an accommodation option on leisure trips and 12.66% said they use it for

business trips. Another study by the IDB, called Collaborative Economy in Latin America - 2016 points

to Brazil as the Latin American leader in this sector in the region, with 32% of the world's population

using this tools, followed by Argentina and Mexico, with 13% in both cases, and Peru, with 11%.

From an economic point of view, cross-border cooperation could promote technological production

and create a corridor of businesses, services and innovation in this area. These could catalyse the

development of more competitive tourism in the region as well as serve to strengthen other priority

chains for each country.

4.2 Yerba Mate23

Yerba mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) is a native tree native from the Paraná jungle. At the beginning of the

20th the extraction methods of this crop began to be replaced by yerba mate implantation and

cultivation and in the late 1920s an agricultural colonization process began. With this green leaf

industrialization an advance in investments in implantations and plant cultures occured, new

technological methods and techniques were implemented, and the ways in which work was organized

modified. This chain consists of the following links: primary production, mills, dryers and its later

commercialization.

4.2.1 Key Value Chain Characteristics and Indicators

In Brazil yerba mate is mainly produced and industrialized in the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul

and Santa Catarina, all bordering Misiones. The first two states produce about 85% of the leaves, with

native plantations in Paraná and yerbales implanted in Rio Grande do Sul. In Argentina,

approximately 90% of the total national cultivation of yerba mate is located in the province of

Misiones, which distinguishes a "forest" producing area corresponding to the north and center of the

territory of the province, and a "field" area comprised by the southern area.

According to data provided by INYM, in 2016, the primary production of green leaf in Misiones was

707,267 tns, registering a rise of 1.3% with an average production of 618,000 tns in the period 2006-

2016. The national production of processed yerba mate in Argentina was 252 million kilos in 2016 and

in the period 2006-2016 the average was 246 million kilos. In Brazil, Paraná had a record production

of yerba mate in 2001 with 339,139 tns, however this production was declining and reached its lowest

point in 2011. From 2002, production in the State of Rio Grande do Sul became the largest among all

the producing states of Brazil, with a growth of 13.91% between 2012 and 2016 and a production of

297,141 tns in 2016 (IBRAMATE).

Mercosur countries concentrate most of the world supply and demand of yerba mate. Argentina and

Paraguay tend to be self-sufficient and generate exportable balances; on the other hand, Uruguay

maintains a tradition of supplying from Brazil, especially through linked firms. The real value of

Brazilian Yerba Mate exports went from USD $ 25.6 million in 2005 to 82.3 million in 2016, and in

2014, the value was USD $114.1 million. Among the largest carriers of Brazilian yerba mate in 2016,

23 http://ibramate.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/DIAGN%C3%93STICO-DA-EM-DO-RGS-doc-final-revista.pdf http://caa.nearural.com/ampliar.php?id=21533 Informes Productivos Provinciales, Misiones, Ministerio de Hacienda (enero 2018)

Uruguay, the United States, Chile and Germany stand out in descending order. In the state of Rio

Grande do Sul, yerba mate is the main non-timber forest product in order of incomes. Between 2008

and 2012, gross value (GV) generated by yerba mate production remained practically stable. In the

period between 2012 and 2014, there was a 129% increase in GV generated by yerba mate production

in the state caused by an increase in the price paid to producers and a higher price paid on the

international market which stimulated exports and the emergence of the use of yerba mate in other

chains. However, between 2014 and 2016, there was a 36.81% reduction in the number of yerba mate

sector revenues, going from USD$ 131,3824 to USD $58,03 million25 (IBRAMATE).

In the period 2006-2016, Misiones' exports show a growth trend, reaching a maximum of USD $ 98

million in 2015. In 2016, sales fall by 34% due to the reduction of purchases from Syria, the main

destination of Argentine yerba mate. In 2016, the main destinations were Syria, Chile, and Lebanon

(4%). In the accumulated between January and October 2017 exports recorded a 21% recomposition,

due to the reactivation of sales to Syria (INDEC).

Currently, this chain is an important source of employment and income for the frontier, with various

contracting types: direct by the independent producer; direct by harvesters' crews in charge of agro-

industrial companies; indirect through the intermediation of labour contractors. In Brazil, the chain

generates more than 700,000 jobs (IBRAMATE). According to national estimations, the average

employment in Argentina was 19,034 in the 2010-2015 period, reaching 20,731 in 2017: 25% of

dryer workers, 71% of permanent tareferos26 and 4% of temporary tereferos (Min. Hacienda).

4.2.2 Mapping of Key Players in the Value Chain

Along this chain someone could find from small producers who mainly use family labour with and

without remuneration, contractors of various services, self-employed, to large-scale enterprises,

through various intermediate forms of employment relationship. It is estimated that the economic

exploitation of yerba mate in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and Mato Grosso

do Sul comes from around 180,000 rural properties, mostly run by one family and around 500

industries. In the state of greatest production, Rio Grando do Sul, the segment of Yerba mate includes

approximately 100 plant nurseries, 300 industries, and an estimate of 14,000 rural properties

(IBRAMATE). According to INYM, in December 2017 there were 8,714 registered producers in

Misiones (9,053 in Argentina). In 2011 more than 60% operated less than 10 hectares in a quarter of

the productive area with low-density plantations, manual harvesting and in combination with other

agricultural, livestock and forestry activities. INYM records indicate that there are 190 agro-industries

dryers in Misiones (199 in Argentina) and 86 millers and fractionators (101 in Argentina).

Misiones main mills are La Cacheura S.A. (Amanda), Establecimiento 10 Hermanos (Rosamonte),

Martín y Cía. Ltda. (La Hoja, Don Lucas, Concepción, Insignia, Palermo y Rendidora), Gerula S.A.

(Romance), Cooperativa Agrícola Montecarlo Ltda. (Aguntadora y Sinceridad), Productores de Yerba

Mate de Santo Pipó Soc. Coop. Ltda. (Piporé and Mulita) and J.J. Llorente (La Tranquera). The

National Institute of Yerba Mate (INYM) is a non-state public law entity with jurisdiction throughout

the country with private participation that regulates and promotes this value chain27. Its headquarters

are located in the city of Posadas (Misiones). INYM crafted an Strategic Plan for the Argentine

Yerbatero Sector (2012-2028) in alliance with the Governments of the Provinces of Misiones and

Corrientes, the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) and the National University of

Misiones (UNAM). Other INYM policies are the determination of minimum prices for raw material

(green leaf and yerba mate canchada) and participation in the National Commission of Agrarian Work,

among other promotional activities.

4.2.3 Main Policies

In addition to INYM, other public policies that strengthen the Argentine yerbatero sector are:

24 R$ 332.4 million (TC 2014: 2,53) 25 R$ 210,1 million (TC 2016: 3,62) 26 Tareferos are those who perform the work of harvesting the leaf of yerba mate. 27 Law 25.564/2002

- Gremial Co-responsibility Agreement (Resolution 44/2015): agreed by representatives of the

Argentine Union of Rural Workers and Stevedores (UATRE), the Secretary of Social Security

of the Nation, producers and INYM.

- Geographical Indication of "Yerba Mate Argentina" (Resolution 13/2016): the Ministry of

Agroindustry approved the protocol of production and processing of yerba mate, which

protects the origin of the product produced in Argentina.

- Export duties (Decree 133/2015): eliminates withholding taxes for yerba mate exports.

- Export refunds (Decree 1341/2016): 3% for foreign sales of yerba mate.

In Brazil, the following public policies aimed at Yerba Mate stand out:

- Reorganization of the Chamber of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (18/12/2011)

- Creation of the Development Fund for the production chain in RS - Fundomate (28/12/2012)

- Creation of the Instituto Brasileiro da Erva-mate - (IBRAMATE), in 01/04/2013, with

headquarters in Ilópolis/RS

- Creation of the National Sectoral Chamber of Erva-mate (10/12/2015), based in Brazil lia/DF)

- Formalization of the herb register (SEAPI Ordinance No 154/2016)

- Creation and formalization of the Parliamentary Front of yerba mate in the Legislative

Assembly (September 2016)

- Creation and formalization of the Mixed Parliamentary Front of Yerba Mate (House of

Representatives and Federal Senate, on 07/06/2017)

A phenomenon which has been occurring in recent years at the south of the State of Rio Grande Do

Sul, is the decision of some farmers to start replacing their yerba mate plantations with the cultivation

of soybeans or corn, mainly due to the rise in the price of soybeans in recent years compared to the fall

in the price of yerba mate. This factor added to a preference of the consumers for native yerba mate in

comparison with the one of Rio Grande do Sul (implanted), is making plants of this region buy green

yerba mate in Paraná and even in Santa Catarina to be industrialized in Rio Grande do Sul. Some of

the main yerbateras in Paraná are Taquaral and Baronesa. This state recently received a certificate of

registration of the Indication of Origin of São Matheus28, the first in Brazil related to yerba mate. Other

relevant actors for this chain in Paraná are: EMBRAPA Florestas, the Institute of Florestas of Paraná,

the Association of Agricultural Engineers of Paraná / Curitiba and the Catholic University of Paraná29.


The conquer of new consumer markets both regionally and globally, since yerba can not only be

consumed as mate, mate cocido or tereré but can also be adapted to different forms of consumption

such as cold, hot, with fruits or spices. Different alternatives income from yerba mate in various

production segments highlights including pharmaceuticals, food (various beverages, soft drinks, beer,

energy drinks, teas, flour and animal feed, among others) and energy. Finally, support for scientific

research that provides evidence of the beneficial properties of mate for health would be very useful for

the development of this chain.

4.3 Forestry - Paper and Furniture 30

This region has a large implanted forest area, given the rapid natural growth of its forests and public

policies to encourage afforestation. The competitiveness of the area is based on adequate agro-

ecological conditions, highly improved genetic material adapted to the area and services linked to the

28http://agenciasebrae.com.br/sites/asn/uf/NA/produtores-de-erva-mate-do-parana-agregam-valor-e-ampliam-mercado-com-a-indicacao-geografica,0c1796775a5f4610VgnVCM1000004c00210aRCRD 29 https://www.inym.org.ar/modernizacion-y-diversificacion-de-la-yerba-mate-en-curitiba-brasil/

30https://www.bemparana.com.br/noticia/parana-tem-as-florestas-plantadas-mais-valiosas-do-pais#.XMs1C-hKjIU http://abimovel.com/informacoes/noticias/abimovel-divulga-indicadores-do-mercado-e-industria-de-moveis-do-brasil-rs-e-prmarco-2019

sector (plantation contractors, harvesting, transport and specialized maintenance and high

productivity, commercial and technological developments).

Primary production of this chain consists of implanted and native forests. Most round logs are

extracted from implanted forests (Mainly Pinus followed by Eucalyptus and Araucaria). Misiones leads

implanted logs national production (4.464 thousand tns in 2015) with a variation of 27,8% compared

to white logs production from native forest (37 thousand tns in 2015) which decreased 35,1% . In 2016,

the total of exports from this chain reached US$ 152.4 million for Misiones, representing 44% of the

provincial total (INDEC). In Brasil, Paraná leads the national wood sector with a R$ 3,3 billion

production value in 2017 and a growth of 8,6 % (Agência Brasil). In Brazil in 2017, wood products

planted for commercial purposes increased 5% and those from vegetable extraction increased 2.7%.

According to IBGE, this is due to the greater control in the exploitation of native species and to the

incentive to preserve forests. Many environmentalists even defend large plantations of species such as

pine and eucalyptus. In their opinion, the existence of this type of activity prevents the unbridled

cutting and exploitation of native forests, which can be maintained and used for sustainable extractive

activities. According to data from Min. de Hacienda, formal employment of the wood chain in

Misiones reached 10,732 workers during the second quarter of 2017, representing 9.4% of the total

registered private sector wage earners in the province. In 2017, among the provincial forestry and

timber extraction category 2,870 formal jobs were verified, the industrial timber sector reached 7,485

registered jobs.

Primary roll production companies (282 in Misiones in 2016) are mainly made up of nurseries and

extractors. Implanted round logs are mainly used for the paper and the furniture businesses in both

countries, two differentiated chains that will be analysed separately below.

4.3.1 Paper

Cellulose pulp obtained on a first transformation is later used for paper and paperboard production in

Brazil and Argentina.

4.3.1.1 Key Value Chain Characteristics and Indicators

Wood for pulp and paper production in Paraná grew 15.6% in 2017, due to the expansion of the

industrial park in the state. Misiones has also a consolidated wood cellulose complex and is the main

pulp producer of the country (416 thousand tns in 2015). In 2015, Misiones produced 80 thousand

tons of paper. .

In 2016, 74% of exports from Misiones forestry chain came from chemical pulp, being the main

exported product of the province in 2016 (USD 112.2 million FOB). Foreign sales of the missionary

wood chain rose to a record level in 2010 (US$ 305.8 million), registering a decrease of 50% between

2010 and 2016 (USD$ 152.4 million); however, they show a recovery of 24.7% in the accumulated to

October 2017 due to the largest volumes of cellulose pulp exported. The main destination of cellulose is

Brazil followed by China. According to the 2004 National Economic Census, the manufacture of paper

and paper products in Misiones generated 973 jobs, 5.7% of the province's employees. In that same

year, the participation of this industry in GVA (gross value added) and PGV (provincial gross value)

was the highest in the province, being 42.5% and 31.1% respectively.

Paper that is produced in Brazil come from some imported cellulose pulp from Argentina and from

other produced locally, from forested logs. The most outstanding areas of Brazil in this chain are: São

Paulo, one of the main cellulose producing areas where there is also an important sawmill, carpentry

and laminated wood industry, Mato Grosso, production center of the main cellulose companies

worldwide and Paraná, forest state par excellence with an innovative development and research center

of the forest sector of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply31. Based on data from

RAIS/MTE 2012 and PIA/IBGE 2011, the paper and pulp sector in Paraná employed 19,761 people and

arises to USD$ 313,432 in salaries. Sales were USD$ 3,82 billion33 and VTI USD$ 1.54 billions.

31 http://confemaderagalicia.es/?p=5747 32 R$ 579.9 million (TC 2011-2012: 1,85)

4.3.1.2 Mapping of Key Players in the Value Chain

Companies carrying out wood transformation into paper, include crushing plants for the cellulose pulp

production of cellulose. Only 11 paper and paper products companies were registered in Misiones in

2004. Main private agents in this province are Arauco, which produced 340,799 tns of cellulose in

2016 (mostly for export) and Papel Misionero (Grupo Arcor), which has an integrated industrial

process from cellulose to kraftliner paper and bag papers, whose production is oriented to the

domestic market.

Based on data from RAIS/MTE 2012 and PIA/IBGE 2011, Paraná has 470 paper and cellulose

companies, mainly located in Curitiba (87), Londrina (36) and Maringá (28). In 2016, Klabin, main

paper producer in Brazil, opened a pulp mill factory in Ortigueira, Paraná. This unit, called Puma, is a

milestone in the company's new growth cycle and with an investment of more than USD$ 2.5 billion

dollars. It has an annual production capacity of 1.6 million tons of cellulose34. Last month, the Board

of Directors of this company announced the approval of an expansion project of this factory (Puma II)

for USD$ 2,300 million, between 2019 and 2023 with an annual capacity of 920,000 tns of paper35 .

4.3.2 Wood and Furniture

An alternative route for rolls apart from the cellulose business is the wood for construction and

furniture production mainly from sawn timber, reconstituted panels, laminates and veneers.

4.3.2.1 Key Value Chain Characteristics and Indicators

In 2016, Misiones produced 208 thousand m3 reconstituted boards, representing 39.7% of the

national total. 21% of exports from Misiones forestry chain came from sawn timber, being the fifth

exported product of the province in 2016 (USD$ 21.5 million FOB). Sawn timber from Argentina is

mostly sold to China, Vietnam and the United States. At the same time, exports of profiled wood and

other wood manufactures amounted to USD$ 3.5 million in 2016. According to the 2004 National

Economic Census, wood sawmill and planing companies generated 5.239 jobs, 30,8% of the

province´s employees. In that same year, the participation of this industry in GVA and PGV was 18,8%

and 18,4% respectively.

The furniture and mattresses manufacture in Misiones generated 149 jobs, 0.9% of the province's

employees. In that same year, the participation of this industry in GVA and PGV was 0.6% and 0.5%

respectively. Data updated to the 3rd quarter of 2017 indicate that the furniture manufacturing sector

has 377 formal jobs in Misiones. States of the southern region are the largest furniture exporters in

Brazil. Together, Santa Catarina (39.4%), Rio Grande do Sul (27.9%) and Paraná (13.4%) correspond

to 80.8% of Brazilian furniture exports between January and December 2018, according to data

published by the Brazilian Furniture Industry Association (AbiMovel). Exports in Brazil's furniture

sector reaches USD $ 716.5 million from January to December 2018, showing a 10.1% growth

compared to the same period in 2017. Of this total, furniture exports to the United States, the United

Kingdom and Argentina stand out. According to data provided by the Paraná Development Agency,

wood chain and furniture production generated 69,486 jobs throughout the state and 219 jobs

specifically in Foz do Iguaçu, a key city of this border area.

4.3.2.2 Mapping of Key Players in the Value Chain

Wood chain is important for the region due to the number of establishments that carry out its different

activities. Characteristics of this establishments are very diverse, ranging from artisanal micro-

enterprises to large exporting industries with greater technology, but with a predominance of small-

sized establishments predominate. There were 395 wood manufacturing companies in Misiones in

2016. In this other sub-business within wood there are wood sawmill and planing companies, those

that elaborate and those that manufacture furniture. In 2004, the productive branch of wood sawing

33 R$ 7.07 billion (TC 2011-2012: 1,85) 34http://www.iciforestal.com.uy/la-region/9782-klabin-inaugura-megafabrica-de-celulosa-en-el-estado-de-parana-brasil https://www.iadb.org/es/noticias/grupo-bid-apoya-klabin-sa-en-la-construccion-de-una-planta-de-celulosa-en-brasil 35https://www.americaeconomia.com/negocios-industrias/mayor-productor-de-papel-de-brasil-klabin-anuncia-inversiones-por-us2300m-para

and planing in Misiones had 390 registered companies and 128 companies manufacturing furniture

and mattresses. In Paraná there are 5,079 registered wood and furniture companies throughout the

state in 2017, 49 of them located in the city of Foz de Iguazu. Paraná cities with the largest number of

establishments in this chain are Curitiba, Maringá, Arapongas and Londrina.

Federación Argentina de la Industria de la Madera y Afines (FAIMA) represents the industrial wood

national sector and two of its associated chambers are located in the province of Misiones36. The

Associação Brasileira das Indústrias do Mobiliário (ABIMOVEL) maintains constant presence in

furniture sector main events in Brazil, in Government relationships and especially in business rounds

between foreign importers and national furniture manufacturers. It has been working over the years

restricting furniture imports, while alerting Brazilian government about the fragility of the national

segment compared to American and Canadian industries. The entity, together with the National

Confederation of Industry (CNI), established minimum criteria for negotiation in the Free Trade Area

of the Americas (ALCA). An Export Seal was created for this sector, as a certificate of product

guarantee and credibility.

4.3.3 Main Policies

Among the main public policies in Argentina aimed to strengthen forestry chain are:

- Law No. 25,080 on Investments in Cultivated Forests (1999), extended and amended by Law No.

26432/2008 (expires in 2018), seeks to increase the activity of the forest-industrial sector with a

system of incentives for forestry ventures. On March 2016, the province had $399.1 million

corresponding to plans approved under this Law.

-In 2010, the province enacted Provincial Law XVI No. 105 on the Territorial Management of Native

Forests in that jurisdiction in accordance with Law No. 26,331 on Minimum Budgets for

Environmental Protection of Native Forests of 2007. The declared area of native forest amounts to 1.6

million hectares, representing 3% of the national total declared.

- Forest Sustainability and Competitiveness Program, IDB Loan 2853/OC-AR, applicable in both

primary production and first transformation. The Project is structured in two components:

Improvement of management and Development and transfer of technology.

-The Renewable Firewood Program within the framework of Provincial Law XVI N° 106 on Renewable

Dendroenergetic Resources, regulated in 2012, aims to replace the production, marketing and

industrial consumption of firewood and charcoal from native forests with firewood from cultivated

forests. Medium-density plantations (1100 plants per hectare) of eucalyptus are promoted as a result

of the provincial government's provision of seedlings and ants. Within the framework of this program

on 2017, 1,695 small producers applied for a total of 2,310 hectares of forest plantations.


The wood-based sector contains other sub-businesses with a great development potential. Some of the

products for regional development of this sector are: industrialized housing assembled in laminated

work, wood faking, flat furniture (from boards), furniture parts, toys, pellets and briquettes (for energy

generation) and openings, among others.

Argentina could benefit from a potential border cooperation by being able to develop its furniture

production chain through learning technology, business models, good practices and lessons learned

from Paraná, where this chain is already well developed. Flat furniture industry is a chain that could be

enhanced in Misiones. Likewise, as potential investment projects at the regional level, a "Furniture

Commercialization Center" could be generated; and, through it, groups could be created to

manufacture different furniture of homogeneous quality at regional level. The centre of the furniture

cluster in Brazil is in Curitiba 10 hours’ drive to the border.

36 Asociación Maderera, Aserraderos y Afines del Alto Paraná – A.M.A.Y.A.D.A.P. and Asociación de Productores, Industriales and Comerciantes Forestales de Misiones y del Norte de Corrientes – A.P.I.C.O.F.O.M.

5 Selection of Priority Value Chains

The following prioritization table brings together different criteria discussed with local authorities and stakeholders in the border area. Results are based on

both field and secondary research, according to the socioeconomic and political priorities identified.

Table 1. Prioritization of value chains

ARGENTINA Prioritization

criteria Cross-border Value Chains mapped

Paper Wood-Furniture Yerba Mate Tourism + ICTs

Size and

complexity of

the chain

Consolidated cellulose complex.

-11 paper and paper products

companies (2004)

Main private agents: Arauco

(mainly exports) and Papel

Misionero/Grupo Arcor (mainly

domestic market)

-390 wood sawing and planting

companies (2004)

-157 wood products companies

(2004)

-128 furniture and mattresses

manufacturing companies

(2004)

"Forest" producing area (north

and center) "Field" area (southern

area)

-8.714 registered producers in

Misiones (2017) In 2011, more

than 60% with less than 10

hectares

-190 agro-industries dryers in

Misiones and 86 millers and

fractionators (2017)

Misiones

-2 international airports

- 562 establishments and 22,515 beds (2017)

-105 travel agencies (2017)

- 20 ICT companies (2019)

Puerto Iguazú

-50.1% of the provincial lodging measured in

establishments and 50.5% of the places.

(2017)

-31,4% of travel agencies (2017)

Economic

impact

Production (2015)

-Main national pulp

producer:416.000 tns

- Paper: 80.000 tns produced

Provincial Gross Value (2004):

Paper manufacture: 42,5% GVA /

31,1%PGV

Exports (2016)

-Pulp is the main exported

product of Misiones. USD 112,2

million FOB. Main destinations:

Brazil and China

Production (2016)

-Reconstituted boards:

208.000 m3 produced (39,7%

of national total)

Provincial Gross Value (2004):

-Wood sawmill and planning:

18,58% GVA / 18,4%PGV

Furnitures and mattresses

manufacture: 0,6% GVA /

0,5%PGV

Exports (2016)

-Sawn Timber is the 5° most

exported product of Misiones.

Production

90% of the national cultivation of

yerba mate

- Primary production of green leaf

707,267 tons,(2016) average

production 2006-2016

618,000 tns

- Production of processes yerba

mate 252 million kilos (2016)

average production 2006-2016

246 million kilos

Exports

Tends to be self-sufficient and

generate exportable balances.

Visitors

-1,212,415 tourists arrived at Misiones (2017)

80.16% from Argentina, 5,76% Mercosur,

4,55% foreign countries and 1,22% LATAM.

-Main emisors: Brazil, Paraguay, France,

Spain and Uruguay

-1.425.953 visitors at Iguazu National Park

(2017)

Air traffic

-82,6% of air traffic on Misiones entered

through Iguazú (2017)

-1,001,151 passengers arrived at Iguazú Falls

Airport (2017) On average 2.743 per day

Overnight stays

-1.2 million in Puerto Iguazú and 0.3 million

Employment (2004)

-Paper manufacture: 973 jobs,

5,7% of Misionesémployees.

USD 21,5 million FOB. Main

destinations: China, Vietnam

and USA.

Wood and other wood

manufactures, USD 3,5 million

exports.

Employment

-Wood sawmill and planning:

5.239jobs, 30,8% of

Misionesémployees. (2004)

-Furnitures and mattresses

manufacture: 149 jobs, 0,9% of

Misionesémployees.

(2004) 377 jobs (3° quarter

2017)

-Main destination: Syria, Chile

and Lebanon.

-Maximum of USD 98 million

exports in 2015

Employment

(2010-2015) Average employment

in Argentina 19.034 jobs

(2017) 20.731 jobs

in Posadas (2016)

Average stay

-4,7 nights in Misiones (2017)

-Highest->Puerto Iguazú with 3,15 nights

(2017)

Average expenditure per capita

-Misiones: USD 48,21 and USD 25,57

(without accommodation) (2017)

-Puerto Iguazú: 62,43 USD and USD 35,64

(without accommodation) (2017)

Tourism economic activity

-Tourism in Misiones generated USD

1,270,876,562.54 (2016)

Employment

-Tourism activity contribution 9,526 jobs (3°

quarter 2017), 8,5% of total jobs in Misiones

Institutional

opportunity

The business environment press

for big and few companies

control this business, and they

are integrated with food industry.

There are several institutions

working for this sector but

Brazil is a big competitor. This

could affect the possibility of

cooperation.

It could be the next project.

Regional interest to prioritize this sector by

including the local TICs and smart cities

concepts. Tourism is a key sector in Misiones

frontier.

RANKING 4th 3rd 2nd 1st

BRAZIL

Paper Wood- Furniture Yerba Mate Tourism + ICTs

Size and

complexity of the

chain

Industrial park and development

and research center of the forest

sector.

-460 paper and cellulose

companies (2011/2)

Main private agents: Klabin

owns a pulp mill factory (Puma)

in Ortigueira

-5.079 wood and furniture

companies, 49 of them in Foz

de Iguazú

Paraná: Native plantations

Río Grande do Sul: Implanted

plantations

-180.000 rural properties and

around 500 industries (Río

Grande do SUl, Santa Catarina,

Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul)

-100 plant nurseries and 14.000

rural properties in Río Grande do

Sul.

Paraná

-5 airports

-20.102 touristic establishments (2014) ,

1,794 of them were hotels / accommodation

-10.500 housing units (2016)

-37 receptive tourist agencies

-365 ICT companies (2011)

Foz de Iguazú

-1.447 housing units (2016)

Economic impact

Production (2016/7)

+15,6% growth of wood for pulp

and paper production

Paper produced from imported

and national pulp

-Puma´s annual cellulose

production capacity: 1,6 million

tns

Sales & VTI:

-Paper and pulp sector: USD 3,2

billion sales and USD 1,54 billion

VTI

Employment (2011/2)

-Paper and pulp sector: 19.761

jobs and USD 313,4 in salaries

Exports (2018)

Furniture

-One of the main exporters.

(13,4% from Brazil) USD 716,5

million.

- Main destinations: USA, UK

and Argentina

Employment (2018)

-Wood and furniture: 69.486

jobs, 219 specifically in Foz de

Iguazu.

Production (2016/7)

Paraná + Río Grande do Sul

produce 85% leaves from Brazil

-Paraná record production in

2001, 339,139 tns then decreased

-2016: Río Grande do Sul leads

with 297,141 tns

Gross Vale

-129% increase between 2012-

2014

- USD 131,38 million (2014)

-USD 58,03 million (2016)

Exports (2018)

-Main destinations: Uruguay,

USA, Chile and Germany

Employment

More than 700,000 jobs in Brazil

Visitors

15.9 million tourists visited Paraná in 2015;

837,043,000 of them were foreign tourists

-Main emisors: Argentina, Paraguay, United

States and Germany.

Air traffic

-82,6% of air traffic on Misiones entered

through Iguazú (2017)

-2,014,464 passengers arrived at Foz de

Iguazú Airport (2015) On average 5.519 per

day. 2nd in the State.

-3.603.307 passengers arrived at Curitiba

(2015)

Average stay

Paraná: 2 nights (2010) and 4,5 nights

(2015)

Average expenditure per capita

Paraná: USD 80,0 (2015)

Tourism economic activity

Tourism in Paraná generated USD 1,71

billions (2015)

Employment

150,428 direct jobs in the State of Paraná,

which is around 5% of Brazil. (2014)

Institutional

opportunity Few companies control this

sector.

Brazil has a lot of National

and regional institutions

working in this sector, the

center is 10 hours from the

border.

INNOVAL has worked in

Agribusiness sector already. UIC

has also worked in agrofood

industry

The Paraná Development Agency has

prioritized this sector. Cross border

cooperation is very important to improve

competitiveness.

RANKING 4th 3rd 2nd 1st

Overall, the value chain of ITs focussing on a more sustainable tourism is the prioritised and most suitable value chain to be treated during the INNOVACT

project.

6 Recommendations for Next Tasks

6.1 Stakeholders participation

During the screening period institutional representatives were interviewed to understand the local

prioritization of sectors. During the next phase, local private actors should be contacted and

interviewed in order to carry a deeper analysis of tourism challenges of this region.

On June 3rd, Misiones went through local political elections, and the actual Governor party has won

with 73% of the votes. It is expected that this result will not change the political scenario and

institutional representatives that much.

6.2 Paraguay contact

Until now main actors of this Project have been from Argentina and Brazil, as it has been previously

defined. From now, with priority sector already selected, it will be very important to add relevant

actors in Paraguay, as the Tourism Minister, and Tri-national Development Council.

6.3 Sectorial Expert point of view

It will be extremely important to add value to the project during the next phase by including strategic

analysis of the sector, international tourism trends, key success factors for each niche and select

projects that enhance the competitiveness of the sector in the region.

Appendix A Contact Details of Interviewees

Argentina

Name Organization Position Email Telephone number

Luis Daniel Rappoport Ministerio de Interior,

Obras Publicas y Viviendas

Director Nacional de

Politicas Nacionales [email protected] 4346-1614

Gustavo Andres Gilbert

Ministerio de Interior, Obras

Publicas y Viviendas Asistente técnico [email protected] 541143390800 int 71167/71181

Felipe Catriel Julianes

Labarriere

Instituto Nacional de

Tecnología Industrial [email protected] 1147246200

Elena H. Blasi de Rossetti

Secretaria de Turismo de

Argentina

Directora Nacional de

Inversiones Turisticas [email protected] 43161600 int 2170

Romina Nardi

Secretaria de Turismo de

Argentina

Directora de relaciones

internacionales [email protected] =5491149472688

Mara Riganti

FIADES (Fundación

Iberoamericana para el

Desarrollo Sostenible)

Presidente [email protected] 541143714831

Nadia Czeraniuk

Red de Cooperación

Interuniversitaria para el

desarrollo e integración

regional - Red CIDIR

Presidente [email protected],

[email protected]

59571205454/

+595985741168

Luciano Juan Duarte Universidad Gastón

Dachary

Vicerrector y profesor

de historia

[email protected],

[email protected].

ar

540376154574897

Alfredo Poenitz Universidad Gastón

Dachary [email protected] 3764549585

María Ester Bower P Cámara de Mujeres Presidente [email protected], 543764579400

Empresarias de Misiones [email protected]

José Abel Sanchez Federación Económica

Brasil Argentina Paraguay Presidente [email protected] 5493764525584

Ignacio Biazzi Universidad Gastón Dachary

Depto de Arquitectura,

Comunicación y Diseño [email protected] 543764719030

Dario Ezequiel Diaz

Instituto provincial de

estadísticas y Censos (IPEC)

Director de metodología

y relevamiento

estadístico [email protected] 3764333378

María Cristina Ryndycz APICOFOM Gerente [email protected] 54376154713223

Luis Lichowski

Ministerio de Industria de

Misiones Ministro [email protected]

Claudio Aguilar


Misiones

Subsecretario de

desarrollo e inversiones

de Misiones

[email protected],

[email protected]

Roberto Tarnowski


Misiones

Subsec de Planificacion

Industrial

roberto.tarnowski@ministerioind

ustria.org

Juan Carlos Ferreyra


Misiones

Dir general de

Planificacion Industrial [email protected] 3764322578

Mariela Aguirre

Camara de Representantes -

Comisión Mercosur [email protected] 3764577328

Marcelo Bruno CAMIM [email protected] 3764531585

Jaima G. Ledesma

Ministerio de Agro y La

producción [email protected] 3764619342

Santiago Atencio

FEBAP (Federación

económica Brasil, Argentina

y Paraguay) Argentina [email protected] 3764744027

Daniel Pauluk Escuela de Robótica

Es también propietario

de Interatech (empresa

TIC) Servicios

tecnológicos [email protected] 3764600605

Paula Saleh Ministerio de Industria [email protected]

Gisela belén Montiel

Universidad nacional de

Misiones (UNaM)

relaciones

Internacionales e

Integración Regional

[email protected],

[email protected] 543764480200 int 146

Tatiana Schmalko


Misiones (UNaM) [email protected] 3764619462

Marcos Gomez


Misiones (UNaM) [email protected] 3764737491

Brazil

Name Organization Position Email Telephone number

Bruna Radaelli

Agencia Paraná de

Desenvolvimiento (APD) Asesora

[email protected] 55 41 3350-0304

Bruno Antonio Banzato

Agencia Paraná de

Desenvolvimiento (APD) [email protected]

Isabela García

Agencia Paraná de

Desenvolvimiento (APD) [email protected] 41-3350-0311

Jean Carlos Alberini

Agencia Paraná de

Desenvolvimiento (APD) [email protected] 992803342

Isabella Tioqueta Paraná Turismo [email protected].

br 41-999610474

Evandro Pinhuiro Paraná Turismo [email protected] 41-33133517 / 999675764

Fernando Arias Ministerio de Industria de

Misiones

Coordinador de

gabinete [email protected]

Martín Dellavedova SISTME Director [email protected] 54 9 351 3427372

Augusto Cesar Stein Sebrae Parana gerente regional oeste

Luis Antonio Rolim de

Moura Escritorio regional leste

gestor de proyectos,

coordinador estatal de

comercio y franquicias

Ricardo Schiffini Dellamea Sebrae Parana Asesor diretoria 413305736 [email protected]

Paulo Pitanga do Amparo

Brazilian Ministry of

Regional Development

(MDR)

coordinator general of

the international

cooperation unit 2034-5727

[email protected].

br / [email protected]

Fernanda Fedrigo Instituto Polo Iguassu 5545991050740

Paulo Vitarque Coelho

Ministerio do

Desenvolvimiento Regional 2034-5402 [email protected]

Edilson Pedro

Ministerio de Ciencia

Tecnología, Innovaciones e

Comunicaciones

Analista em C&T,

Secretaria

Desenvolvimiento

Tecnológico e Inovacao 56168358.11 [email protected]

Rodrigo Correa Ramiro

Ministerio do

Desenvolvimiento Regional

Coordinador Geral de

Modelagem de

Consessoes e Parcerias 2734504139 [email protected]

Caio Victor Martins

Ministerio do

Desenvolvimiento Regional Assistente 556120345443 [email protected]

Alex Rosa

Ministerio do


Assesor tecnico,

Secreataría do

Desenvolvimiento

Regional e Urbano 55661299.62 [email protected]

Luiz Paulo de Oliveira Silva

Ministerio do


Especialista en

desarrollo regional e

urbano 556120345410 [email protected]

Claudia Duarte

Ministerio do

Desenvolvimiento Regional Asesora Técnica 2034-4593 [email protected]

Dorotea Blos

Ministerio do

Desenvolvimiento Regional Atps / Seplan -Me 2020-4045

[email protected]

v.br

Pedro Cavalcante

IICA-Instituto

Interamericano de

Cooperação para a

Agricultura Cooperação Técnica 2106-5423 [email protected]

Neantro Saavedra Coordenador CDR-DF 9 9338-6561 [email protected]

Alex Kamber

Ministerio do

Desenvolvimiento Regional EPPGG 2034-5620 [email protected]

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