ethnic groups of africa. religions, customs, and traditions africa is made up of 54 different...
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![Page 1: Ethnic Groups of Africa. Religions, Customs, and Traditions Africa is made up of 54 different countries and many ethnic groups. A group s customs and](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061305/55145c365503462d4e8b5681/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ethnic Groups of Africa
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Religions, Customs, and Traditions
• Africa is made up of 54 different countries and many ethnic groups.
• A group’s customs and traditions often come from religion, from where the group lives, or from the demands of daily life.
• Most Africans today are either Muslim or Christian, but traditional religions and customs still play a role in African culture.
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Arabs• The term Arab refers to a mixed ethnic group
made up of people who speak the Arabic language. • Arabs mostly live in North Africa and the Middle
East. • Some Jews, Kurds, Berbers, Copts, and Druze
speak Arabic, but are not usually considered Arab. • The term “Arab” includes Arabic-speaking
Christians in Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan. Overall, Arabs are divided into two groups—nomadic Bedouins and settled Arabs.
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Ashanti• The Ashanti people live in central Ghana. • The family, especially the mother’s family, is most important to
the Ashanti. • They believe that children inherit their spirits from their father
and their flesh and blood from their mother. • The mystical Golden Stool has been the center of Ashanti
spiritual practice since the late 17th century.
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Ashanti• It is said to have arrived on Earth by floating down from the
heavens. • The Ashanti people believe the strength of their nation
depends on the safety of this stool. • It represents the unity of the Ashanti and the power of their
chiefs. • The Ashanti honor kings after death, in a ceremony in which a
stool is blackened.
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The Swahili People• The Swahili people live on the East African coast
from southern Somalia to northern Mozambique. • The Swahili people practice a strict form of Islam.
In addition to Islamic beliefs, the Swahili believe in spirits, or djinns. • Swahili Muslims use trances to speak to djinns. • Men wear amulets around their necks that
contain verses from the Koran, which they believe will protect them. • Only teachers of Islam and prophets are
permitted to become spiritual healers.
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Bantu
• The Bantu originally came from southeastern Nigeria, near the Benue-Cross Rivers that spread east and south near Zambia, in Central Africa. • Around 1000 CE, the Bantu reached present-day
Zimbabwe and South Africa. • Here, the Bantu established the Munhumutapa
Empire. • This new empire controlled trading routes from
South Africa to the area north of the Zambezi River.
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Bantu• The Bantu traded many natural resources: gold, copper,
precious stones, animal hides, ivory, and metal goods. • They traded with Arab traders from the Swahili coast, as well
as others. • The empire collapsed in the early 16th century, after it used up
all its resources.
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African Literacy
• The literacy rate in Africa is 50%. • This means that half the population of Africa
cannot read or write. • Literacy is good for individuals as well as their
communities. • More developed countries tend to have a higher
literacy rate. • Sudan and Egypt both have a literacy rate of only
51 %. • South Africa, the most developed country in
Africa, has a literacy rate of 83%.
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Art and Music from Africa
• The dance and music of Africa has many distinct styles and uses unique instruments. • Sub-Saharan African music and dance is different
from the music and dance of the Arab cultures of North Africa, or the Western settler populations of southern Africa. • Many of the Sub-Saharan traditions are
maintained by oral tradition.
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Summary• Describe the diverse cultures of the people of Africa and how
literacy rate affects standard of living.