ethics - pertemuan 3

8/20/2019 Ethics - Pertemuan 3

1/37

Sherri Shade

InformationTechnology EthicalChallenges


2/37

Ethics

eth•ic

Pronunciation: (eth'ik), [key] —n. 1. the ody of moral !rinci!les or "al#esgo"erning or distincti"e of a !artic#lar c#lt#re orgro#!$ the Christian ethic; the tribal ethic of theZuni. 2. a com!le% of moral !rece!ts held or r#les of

cond#ct follo&ed y an indi"id#al$ a personalethic.

Webster’s Dictionary

http://www.infoplease.com/pronkey.htmlhttp://www.infoplease.com/pronkey.html


3/37

IT and Ethics

ho is res!onsile ho is affected

Sho#ld IT rofessionals e in the ethics#siness Training *efer ethical iss#es to +*

e"elo!ment Im!lementation -!!lication


4/37

Ethical .eha"iors Is yo#r /0 gigayte hard dri"e f#ll

• 1#sic and "ideos That s#re is a great m#sic &here did yo# get it

• o&nloading of m#sic from the &e

+a"e yo# gi"en a friend a co!y of yo#r 1icrosoft ro2ectsoft&are• Soft&are iracy

id yo# read the confidential com!any file that &asaccidentally attached to yo#r email

• Com!#ter a#se id yo# gain access to the net&ork and in"ade other &orkers

emails and files• Com!#ter a#se

3o# formatted yo#r hard dri"e !rior to lea"ing yo#r com!anyeca#se yo# &ere angry ao#t lea"ing4

• estr#ction of !ro!erty


5/37

Information Technology Ethics

eal &ith !ro!er #se of technology de"ices, data, ser"ices, andsoft&are4

rior to Technology it may ha"e een easier to kno& &hether theacti"ity &as right or &rong

5irt#al orld 6#dging eha"iors is no longer straight for&ard Ethical or 7nethical

• - st#dent do&nloads a se%#ally e%!licit !ict#re from the Internet on a com!#terin the school lirary4 8ther st#dents are ale to see the !ict#re

• - st#dent finds the teacher9s !ass&ord to the school9s information system and#ses it to change his grades and "i the grades of other st#dents4

• - st#dent #ses the co!y and !aste commands to !lace large !arts of an electronicarticle into an assigned !a!er4 She t#rns the !a!er in as her o&n &ork

• - st#dent makes a co!y of a soft&are !rogram orro&ed from another st#dent to#se on his com!#ter at home4

• - st#dent do&nloads a gra!hic file from the &e to !lace on his o&n &e!age4+o&e"er, he does !ro"ide a link to the a#thor9s site4

• - st#dent #ses another st#dent9s !ro2ect &esite as a g#ideline4• - st#dent co!ies a !re"io#s !#lished story in his o&n hand&riting and s#mits it

as his o&n &ork4


6/37


:e& ethical considerations may e re;#ired &ith technologyca!ailities Email s!amming

• oes the fact that the financial #rden of #nsolicited ads etc4 no& falls onthe reci!ient not the sender create ne& r#les

igital !hotogra!hy• hat oligations does a anyone ha"e to !resent an #ndoctored !hoto,

e"en if the message is not as good as the digitally enhanced !hoto ornogra!hy access

• hat sec#rity meas#res need to e !#t in !lace y schools, !arents,com!anies and liraries to kee! indi"id#als from seeing ina!!ro!riatematerials

Intellect#al !ro!erty• o &e need etteration of the organi>ation• hat do &e need to etter #nderstand c#lt#res, lang#age , and eha"iors


7/37


Some #sers "ie& their com!#ting actions as lessserio#s than their actions in the ?real &orld@ E%am!les$

• Stealing soft&are from a store A no &ayB 4• +o&e"er, S !iracy costs #sinesses illions of dollars !er

year

• 1ost of #s &o#ld not !ick a lock to someone9s ho#se• +o&e"er, g#essing !ass&ords to gain access to a &esite,

information, or !rograms is a common

• Sometimes the technology is not &ell #nderstoodromance and fear may accom!any a ne& technologies4• 1o"ies, ooks, T5 ca!itali>e on this fear and romance and

make #nethical or illegal actions seem heroic, or necessary


8/37

The Ten Commandments ofCom!#ter Ethics

Com!#ter Ethics Instit#te


9/37

Challenges$

Code of Ethics :o Dorm of licensing for com!#ter !rofessionals

*es#lts in no real &ay to enforce ethical standards &ithinthe com!#ting field

There is mo"ement &ithin the ind#stry to create alicensing !rocess #t there are many iss#es to e resol"ed

• hat &ill e incl#ded on the e%am

• +o& often &ill an IT !rofessional e re;#ired to rene& thelicense

e"elo!ed y se"eral organi>ations -do!tion Im!lementation 1onitoring E%am!le$ htt!$


10/37

Challenges$ e esign

Im!lementation of feat#res o! #!s .locking


11/37

Challenges$ Commerce

Dra#d Ta%ation

Dree Trade =amling -#ctions S!amming

ho &ere Canter and Siegel S!amming cell !hones Term !a!ers for sale

-tlanta 6o#rnal Constit#tion aritcle


12/37

Challenges$ ork!lace -ccessiility Ergonomics 8#tso#rcing

Telecomm#ting C#stomer relationshi!s A 5endor relationshi!s Sho#ld IT !rofessionals e in the ethics #siness or

sho#ld other areas of the #siness handle these iss#es Monitoring

Sho#ld yo#r em!loyer ha"e the right to monitor !ri"ate emailmessages

hat are the t&o most !o!#lar e sites for -merican&orkers Playboy and ESP


13/37

Challenges$ork!lace 62% of employers monitor employees' eMail and Internet use. 68% cite legal liability as the primary reason to monitor. 87% of companies that monitor have a written eMail olicy! 8".#% an Internet olicy!

68% a $oftware olicy. #% of employers have disciplined or terminated employees for violating

eolicy. "% of organi&ations have eMail retention deletion policies in place. #(% of companies have been ordered by courts to turn over employee

eMail related to wor)place lawsuits. 8."% of organi&ations have battled se*ual harassment and+or se*ual

discrimination claims stemming from employee e,mail and+or Internet use.

Source: The 2001 Electronic Policies & Practices Survey from The AmericanManagement Association, US e!s & "orl# $e%ort, an# The ePolicy nstitute'(lic)*ere for Survey $esults.


14/37

1#sic o&nloads

Risk of getting caught St#dies ha"e sho&n that a ma2ority of the !eo!le &ho share m#sic on

the Internet are a&are that their actions are illegal, said 1ichael1c=#ire, a analyst &ith the =artner =ro#!4 FF.#t they also kno&that the chances of getting ca#ght are !retty remote''

hy is ?getting ca#ght remote@• There are an estimated G0 million !eerto!eer net&ork

s#scriers in the 7nited States alone, &ith tens ofmillions more in other co#ntries

The *I-- is seeking o#t !eo!le &ho make their m#sicfiles a"ailale for others to do&nload4

• The net&orks ha"e feat#res that allo& #sers to lockothers from do&nloading their files #t allo& them tocontin#e to do&nload files


15/37

Challenges$

S!eech :et Eti;#ette Email !ri"acy

Email !ri"acy !olicy ?Dlaming@ A ins#lting, arg#mentati"e or chastising re!lies to messages

Dree S!eech

-cco#ntaility and res!onsiility for &e content• -ortion sites

• 8#tdated information

• -cc#rate information

• ri"acy and sec#rity !olicies

orn• rofessors !c A filled &ith !orn, fo#nd y !c maintenance &orkers

• 5isa A &on9t gi"e !ermission to e #sed on offensi"e or !ornogra!hic sites

+ate• MACHADO CASE

Internet Dilters• Sho#ld filters e in schools or liraries, and


16/37

Challenges$

Com!#ting *eso#rce -#se Com!#ters in the ork!lace and the Classroom

7se or -#se Internet -ccess Instant 1essenger

Ha!to! #se in the classroom Email

• Hegal doc#ment

• Can e modified

• Dlaming

-ccess

Com!#ter 7sage !olicy Email !olicy


17/37

Challenges$ Com!#ting*eso#rce -#se

Com!#ter Crime 5ir#ses

+ackers Theft !"hese cyber s#indles and dot$cons

present ne# challenges to la#enforce%ent& said 'ohn (shcroft

7S Charges JK ith :et Crimes


18/37

Challenges$ri"acy ri"acy iss#es are at the to! of the list in regards to

ethical #se of information4• Hoss of control

• 1is#se of information

• *isk to !hysical !ri"acy• )is* of identity theft +,ideo-

• 7n&anted intr#sions into daily life

7S- atriot -ct (!ost L


19/37

Challenges$Intellect#al ro!erty Electronic Co!yright Hicensing Intero!eraility Hicensing

Cyerlicenses Shrink&ra! Share&are Dree&are

1J *I-- co#rt case against college st#dents 7ni"ersity Internet 7sage !olicies

Internet o&nloads Diles =ra!hics Te%t


20/37

Challenges$Intellect#al ro!erty

atent, trade secrets, and co!yright la& ho o&ns the !rogram ho o&ns the algorithm

Soft&are iracy Why shouldn't I use pirated software? Who am I hurting bydoing so?

iracy e*ists in everywhere. -oss of revenue hurts everyone. ll software piracy is illegal and Software piracy is unethical. 5ario#s st#dies ha"e fo#nd that the soft&are ind#stry loses

a!!ro%imately MN illion e"ery year 4 State Ind#stry St#dy

C*


21/37

Challenges$ 8ther

ecision making #sing E%!ertSystems

:et&ork Sec#rity Soft&are acc#racy and reliaility

&ho is ethically res!onsile TheracNK -ccidents Oiller *oots

The +#ghes histlelo&ing Case


22/37

Concl#sion$ Some Ideas to onder

Com!#ter ethics today is no& a gloal effort The ga! among the rich and !oor nations, rich and !oor citi>ens e%ists4

+o& can it e eliminated or red#ced eithically and morally to !ro"ideinformation and ser"ices that &ill mo"e them to into the &orld ofcyers!ace

ill the !oor e c#t off from 2o o!!ort#nities, ed#cation, entertainment,medical care, sho!!ing, "oting eca#se they cannot afford a connectionto the gloal information net&ork

hose la&s &ill a!!ly in cyers!ace &hen h#ndreds of co#ntries areincor!orated into the gloal net&ork

hat ha!!ened here did o#r kno&ing right from &rong go too -re &e missing an o!!ort#nity to introd#ce ethics at an early age in

children y not integrating these tho#ghts and !ractices in "ideo games

Sho#ld more controls and reg#lations e introd#ced into the system illthey act#ally hel! to im!ro"e o#r moral and ethical eha"ior 7nethical eha"ior contin#es to !ermeate ind#stry, &hat meas#res,

!olicies, codes of cond#ct e changed to change this eha"ior


23/37

orks Cited$

htt!$


24/37

Etika komputer & Etika Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi

Etika Oom!#ter adalah analisa tentang sifat dandam!ak sosial teknologi kom!#ter, sertaform#lasi dan !engesahan kei2akan #nt#k

mengg#nakan teknologi kom!#ter secara enar4

Etika emanfaatan Teknologi Informasi da!atdiartikan seagai s#at# analisa tentang dam!ak

sosial yang ditim#lkan dalam !emanfaatanteknologi informasi, aik it# dam!ak negatifma#!#n dam!ak !ositif

NR


25/37

alasan utama minat masyarakat yangtinggi terhadap etika komputer

1. Logical Malleability (Kelenturan Logika), 1er#!akankemam!#an mem!rogram kom!#ter #nt#k melak#kana!a !#n yang kita inginkan4

2. Transformation Factors (Faktor Transformasi),Contohnya fasilitas email yang isa sam!ai t#2#an danda!at di#ka ata# diaca dimana!#n kita erada4

3. Inisibility Factors (Faktor Tak Kasat Mata ), .erh##ngan dengan segala o!erasi internal kom!#ter

yang tak kelihatan sehingga mem#ka !el#ang !ada!enyalahg#naan yang tidak tam!ak4

NK


26/37

Hak-Hak User Dalam Etika Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi

1. Hak Sosial dan Komputer

a) !ak atas akses kom"uter # Setia! orang erhak #nt#kmengo!erasikan kom!#ter dengan tidak har#s memilikinya4

b) !ak atas kea$lian kom"uter # engan keahlian di idangkom!#ter da!at mem#ka !el#ang !eker2aan yang leihanyak4

c) !ak atas s"esialis kom"uter # 7nt#k idang tertent#di!erl#kan s!esialis idang kom!#ter, karena tidak sem#a!emakai kom!#ter meng#asai4

%) !ak atas "engambilan ke"utusan kom"uter # M eski!#nmasyarakat tidak er!artisi!asi dalam !engamilan ke!#t#sanmengenai agaimana kom!#ter ditera!kan, nam#nmasyarakat memiliki hak terse#t4

NG


27/37

Hak-Hak User Dalam Etika Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi

2. Hak atas Informasi

a) !ak atas &riasi # Se#ah informasi yang sifatnya !riadiaik secara indi"id# ma#!# dalam s#at# organisasimenda!atkan !erlind#ngan atas h#k#m tentang

kerahasiannya4

b) !ak atas 'kurasi # Oom!#ter di!ercaya da!at menca!aitingkat ak#rasi yang tidak isa dica!ai oleh sistemnonkom!#ter4

c) !ak atas Ke"emilikan # 7m#mnya dalam ent#k !rogram

!rogram kom!#ter yang dengan m#dahnya dilak#kan!enggandaan ata# disalin secara ilegal4

%) !ak atas 'kses # Informasi memiliki nilai, 2adi setia! kali kitaakan mengaksesnya har#s melak#kan acco#nt ata# i>in !ada!ihak yang memiliki informasi terse#t4

N


28/37

Implikasi Etis Dari Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi

Im!likasi etis terhada! !emanfaatan teknologiinformasi meli!#ti $

1. Moral Sama dengan tradisi ke!ercayaan mengenai

!erilak# enar ata# salah42. Etika Sama dengan sat# set ke!ercayaan,

standar


29/37

Penerapan budaya etika

4 Cor!orate credo$ 1er#!akan !ernyataanringkas mengenai nilainilai yang ditegakkan!er#sahaan4

N4 rogram etika$ 1er#!akan s#at# system yangterdiri dari eragai akti"itas yang dirancang#nt#k mengarahkan !ega&ai dalammelaksanakan cor!orate credo4

J4 Oode Etik Oh#s#s er#sahaan$ .anyak

!er#sahaan merancang kode etik kh#s#s #nt#k!er#sahaannya4

NL


30/37

Tindakan untuk pencapaian operasiKomputer yang etis

Dorm#lasikan s#at# kode !erilak#4 Teta!kan at#ran yang erkaitan dengan

masalahmasalah IT4 6elaskan sanksi yang akan diamil4 Oenali !erilak# etis4 Dok#skan !erhatian !ada etika melal#i !rogram4

romosikan #ndang#ndang ke2ahatankom!#ter4

J0


31/37

UU pemanfaatan teknologi informasi

-danya *77 mengenai !emanfaatan teknologi informasidan 2#ga *77 yang mengat#r transaksi elektronik dantanda tangan elektronik (digital), termas#k naskahnaskah lainnya mengenai #ndang#ndang d#nia cyer4

Se!erti halnya *77 tentang Informasi Elektronik danTransaksi Elektronik (*77IETE) dan 2#ga *77 tentangemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi (*77TTI)4

:antinya ked#a *77 ini da!at saling melengka!i,

ata#!#n dile#r men2adi sat#, yang seel#mnyadisem!#rnakan dengan mendengar #s#lan ata#tangga!an dari eera!a kalangan se!erti akademisi,!rofesional IT ata#!#n !er#sahaan IT4

J

li d k h d


32/37

Perlindungan Hukum terhadapPemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi

4 erlind#ngan !emanfaatan teknologi digital4

N4 erlind#ngan atas data dan informasi eserta hakaksesnya4

J4 erlind#ngan atas hak kekayaan intelekt#al4R4 erlind#ngan terhada! kons#men internet anking4

K4 erlind#ngan terhada! anakanak seagai oyek yangertentangan dengan h#k#m dan etika moral4

G4 encegahan !ornografi di d#nia internet4

JN


33/37

pembentukan hukum teknologi informasi& penegakan hukum

-da eera!a hal yang men2adi asas dalam !ement#kanh#k#m !er#ndang#ndangan mengenai teknologi informasi4-sas terse#t adalah Hegalitas, Itikad .aik, Etika, dan 1oral4roses !enegakan h#k#m dan #ndang#ndang yang meli!#ti

!emanfaatan teknologi informasi s#dah dim#lai dan masih akaner2alan !an2ang ersama dengan !enyem!#rnaan dan!enyes#aian4

engan !eran serta sem#a !ihak yang terkait, lamat la#nnegara kita akan memiliki s#at# !rod#k h#k#m yang da!at

mengat#r kehid#!an dan !emanfaatan teknologi informasi,sehingga akhirnya masyarakat menyadari ah&a aktifitasa!a!#n yang erh##ngan dengan !emanfaatan teknologiinformasi memiliki !erlind#ngan h#k#m dan 2#ga akiat h#k#m4

JJ

D k P f T k l i I f i


34/37

Dampak Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasiyang kurang tepat

*asa tak#t4

Oeterasingan4

=olongan miskin informasi dan minoritas4

entingnya indi"id#4

Tingkat kom!leksitas serta kece!atan yang s#dahtidak da!at ditangani4

1akin rentannya organisasi4

ilanggarnya !ri"asi4 engangg#ran dan !emindahan ker2a4

O#rangnya tangg#ng 2a&a !rofesi4

Oa#rnya citra man#sia4

JR

! k h ! k h U k " h d i


35/37

!angkah-!angkah Untuk "enghadapiDampak Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasiyang kurang tepat

-4 esain yang er!#sat !ada man#sia4

.4 #k#ngan organisasi4

C4erencanaan !eker2aan44endidikan4

E4 7m!an alik dan imalan4

D4 1eningkatkan kesadaran !#lik4

=4erangkat h#k#m4

+4*iset yang ma2#4

JK


36/37

Kesimpulan

Etika dalam !emanfaatan teknologi

informasi mer#!akan s#at# hal yangsangat !enting dan kr#sial4 Sea,ila kegiatan !emanfaatan teknologiinformasi dilak#kan tan!a disertaidengan etika da!at menim#lkan

eragai dam!ak negatif4

JG


37/37

#aran

Sosialisasikan mengenai at#ran dan tatacara eretika dan !enegakan at#ran

dalam h#k#m har#s dilak#kan dengantegas dan konsisten4 +al ini dilak#kan#nt#k mencegah eragai dam!aknegatif yang tim#l akiat!enyalahg#naan teknologi informasi4

J

ethics - pertemuan 3

Documents