ethical issues of dog breeding in new zealand what is considered “right” or “wrong”?? by...
TRANSCRIPT
Ethical issues of dog breeding in
New ZealandWhat is considered “right” or
“wrong”??
By Tamzyn Cartwright
Objectives:• To explore issues about an
ethical topic like dog breeding in New Zealand
• To discuss issues surrounding different ways
of dog breeding
What are Ethics?o Moral principles, rules (personal or imposed) that may influence a person
or groups behaviour or choices.
Positives and Negatives for: The Animal The Owner Society
What needs to be considered?
1. Freedom from hunger and thirst2. Freedom from discomfort3. Freedom from pain, injury and
disease with rapid diagnosis and treatment
4. Freedom from fear and distress5. Free to display normal behaviour
The Five Freedoms:
So, what is dog breeding?
O The mating of specific dogs where (usually) the intent is to produce or maintain specific quality's or characteristics in offspring.
Looks Behaviour Breed specific characteristics Companionship, working/hunting
dogs
NZKC accredited breeders
O Must adhere to specific guidelines or they put their reputation and registration at risk, some of these include:
• MUST be familiar with and adhere to the Animal welfare (dogs) Code of Welfare
• Regulations on how old/young to begin/cease breeding bitches and how many litters is acceptable
• Efforts made to ensure the genetic make up of both dog and bitch wont result in inherited disorders
• Rules on in-breeding
Types of breeders:
non NZKC registered breeders
O Non animal welfare (dogs) code of welfare 2010 standards
O No strict regulations to adhere to eg. Number of litters a bitch will have in her life
O No regulations for puppy vaccinations, health checks or socialisation of the puppies or age which the puppies are weaned from the mother
O Puppy mills!O Not all bad, some people do put the time
and effort into raising puppies right and doing health checks etc
Types of breeders:
O Very likely non animal welfare (dogs) code of welfare 2010 standards
O Animals housed in over-crowded, dirty cages without proper veterinary care
O 5 freedoms probably not in place e.g. dogs sleeping where they have to defecate, adequate food and water, shelter.
O Un-socialised: people and other animalsO No regulations regarding breeding
procedures eg bitches are likely bred from nearly every heat
Types of breedersPuppy mills or puppy farms
Puppy Mills
So, what is a “Puppy Mill”??
O “A puppy mill, sometimes known as a puppy farm, is a commercial dog breeding facility that is operated with an emphasis upon profits above animal welfare and is often in substandard conditions regarding the well-being of dogs in their care”.
O In 2010 60 minutes uncovered several puppy mills surrounding Gisborne where between 50-100 dogs were being kept at a time
O Puppies from a puppy mill involved were being supplied to Animates, the largest pet/supplies store chain in the country.
O Earlier this year 11 puppies died that were allegedly supplied from a commercial purpose built barn holding up to 100 dogs at a time.
O The breeder, Vet nurse Julie Poulton stated “I meet recommended best practice according to the animal welfare act 2010”
O "When you've got that many animals you can't realistically give each individual the time or the care it really needs to be socialised. It doesn't have that family environment.” - Carolyn Press-McKenzie, of animal welfare charity Huha (Helping You Help Animals) stated about the facility
http://www.3news.co.nz/Groups-look-to-tighten-puppy-mill-laws/tabid/423/articleID/299084/Default.aspx
Puppy mills in New Zealand
Positives and Negatives
For the animal:
Positives:• Well socialised
(dogs and people)
• Five freedoms met
• Likely to have vet checks/vaccinations done
• Happy dog
Negatives: Is there any??
NZKC registered breeders
For the breeder:
Positives:• Healthier
dogs/puppies• Get reputation
as a reputable breeder
Negatives:• Cost more
money (vax’s, space to hold animals, puppy food etc)
For society:
Positives:• Well
socialised pet• Healthier pet• Less vet costs
Negatives:• May cost
more to purchase puppy (but worth it in the long run?)
Positives and NegativesNon NZKC registered breeders
For the animal:
Positives:• Well socialised if
bought up in family home
• May get health check/vaccinations
Negatives:• No regulations
regarding any breeding procedures
• Five freedoms may/may not be met
For the breeder:
Positives:• Cheaper: no
regulations for vet checks etc
Negatives:• May not be
able to easily find homes for puppies (end up in shelters)
For Society:
Positives:• Cheaper to buy (no
papers)• Well socialised if
bought up in family environment
Negatives:• No guarantee on
health of puppy• May be un-
socialised• High vet costs
Positives and NegativesNon NZKC puppy
millsFor the animal:
Positives: Are there any?
Negatives:• Un-healthy
( likely no vet checks etc)
• Un-socialised
• Five freedoms not met
• Probably bred from every heat
• In bred
For the breeder:
Positives:• Cheaper (less
food, vet bills)• Fit more dogs in
a smaller space• More
profit/productivity
Negatives:• Buyers may
reject puppies because they are sick/see were they came from
For Society:
Positives: Are there any?
Negatives:• Un-socialised
pet
• More vet costs (hereditary diseases from inbred pups etc)
• No history on pups parents etc
So what can be done?
Technically what the breeders are doing is not illegal; as long as the animals have food, water and shelter they are not breaking the law
There are minimum standards but even if these are broken it is not breaking the law, though it can be used as evidence
"They give them water, food and shelter, but we actually want to make them accountable for the animals' welfare."- Mrs Press McKenzie representative from HUHA
Change needs to happen!
HOW? Changes to the Law
Set Codes of Welfare
Awareness/Education
Changes to the Law Illegal not to follow the set Code of Welfare
standards
Harsher punishments for perpetrators; fines or imprisonment not just a slap on the wrist!
Seizure of any animals found on a puppy mill/farm premises to be rehomed (if able to)
Seizure of equipment cages etc. so that they cant just be used again for more dogs
Set Codes of Welfare Set Codes/Standards that must be adhered to
by all breeders
An organisation that all breeders must be registered to similar to NZKC that can enforce regulations
Inspections without prior warning by the organisation
Set regulations on minimum cage sizes and number of dogs per premises
Educating the public; giving them the information they need to make informed decisions when purchasing puppies/dogs
Educate breeders; inspectors or organisations work with them to help them to achieve set standards
Awareness/Education