ETHETHIICAL CAL IISSUES ASSOCSSUES ASSOCIIATED ATED WWIITH THE BEGTH THE BEGIINNNNIING OF LNG OF LIIFEFE

Assist.Prof.Dr. Mehmet KARATASAssist.Prof.Dr. Mehmet KARATASDept. of History of Medicine & EthicsDept. of History of Medicine & Ethics

Legal BasisLegal Basis

International DocumentsInternational DocumentsThe Law on the Practice of Medicine and Medical The Law on the Practice of Medicine and Medical SciencesSciencesMedical Ethics CharterMedical Ethics CharterPatients’ Rights DirectivePatients’ Rights DirectiveExecution and Supervision Regulation on Execution and Supervision Regulation on Termination of Pregnancy and Sterilization ServicesTermination of Pregnancy and Sterilization ServicesRegulation of Assisted Reproductive Treatment Regulation of Assisted Reproductive Treatment CentersCentersRegulations on Clinical TrialsRegulations on Clinical Trials

The Universal Declaration of Human The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Rights (1948)(1948)

EveryEvery adult adult has the right to marry and has the right to marry and startstart a familya family

The European Convention on Human The European Convention on Human Rights (1950)Rights (1950)

People People who have reached a who have reached a marriageable marriageable age, according to the national laws age, according to the national laws governing the exercise of this rightgoverning the exercise of this right,, has has the right to marry and to begin a familythe right to marry and to begin a family

International Conference on Population and International Conference on Population and Development (1994)Development (1994)

Universal accessibility of health care services Universal accessibility of health care services including family planning and sexual healthincluding family planning and sexual health

All couples and individuals have the basic right All couples and individuals have the basic right to decide freely and responsibly the number and to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children and to have the spacing of their children and to have the information, education and means to do so; the information, education and means to do so; the responsibility of couples and individuals in the responsibility of couples and individuals in the exercise of this right takes into account the exercise of this right takes into account the needs of their living and future children, and needs of their living and future children, and their responsibilities towards the community.their responsibilities towards the community.

Problematic SituationsProblematic Situations

ContraceptionContraceptionTermination of pregnancyTermination of pregnancyAssisted reproductive techniquesAssisted reproductive techniquesPrenatal genetic screeningPrenatal genetic screening

ContraceptionContraception

Married adult couplesMarried adult couplesAge group of unmarried childrenAge group of unmarried children

Termination of PregnancyTermination of Pregnancy

Woman/man decidesWoman/man decidesThe right of the fetus to liveThe right of the fetus to liveCommunity InvolvementCommunity Involvement

Execution and Supervision Regulation on Execution and Supervision Regulation on Termination of Pregnancy and Sterilization Services Termination of Pregnancy and Sterilization Services (1983)(1983)

Provided there are no medical Provided there are no medical contraindications, the uterus may be contraindications, the uterus may be evacuated until the end of the 10th week evacuated until the end of the 10th week of pregnancy.of pregnancy.

Population Planning Law (1983)Population Planning Law (1983)

The purpose of this Law shall be to regulate the The purpose of this Law shall be to regulate the principles of population planning, pregnancy principles of population planning, pregnancy termination and sterilization procedures, cases termination and sterilization procedures, cases where emergency interventions are permitted, where emergency interventions are permitted, and the acquisition, production, and procedures and the acquisition, production, and procedures for approval of contraceptive drugs and devicesfor approval of contraceptive drugs and devices

"Population planning" means the freedom of "Population planning" means the freedom of individuals to decide on the number and the individuals to decide on the number and the timing of their children. timing of their children.

Assisted Reproductive TechniquesAssisted Reproductive Techniques

IVF (IVF (invitro fertilizationinvitro fertilization))Transfer of embryoTransfer of embryoTransfer of sperm/ovumTransfer of sperm/ovumSurrogacySurrogacy

Regulation of Assisted Reproductive Treatment Regulation of Assisted Reproductive Treatment CentersCenters((19871987))

To ensure that married couples who can not To ensure that married couples who can not have children but are medically capable, benefit have children but are medically capable, benefit from the assisted reproduction treatment from the assisted reproduction treatment methodsmethodsCCouples who want to take advantage of the ouples who want to take advantage of the methods of assisted reproduction treatmentmethods of assisted reproduction treatment should be marriedshould be marriedThe own reproductive cells of the couples The own reproductive cells of the couples should be usedshould be used

1978 / Louise Brown1978 / Louise Brown

Prenatal Genetic ScreeningPrenatal Genetic Screening

Anomaly detectionAnomaly detectionSex determination/selectionSex determination/selectionThe useThe usege of ge of embryos for researchembryos for research

Edwards SyndromeEdwards Syndrome

Newborn/Physician RelationshipNewborn/Physician Relationship

ReferencesReferences

F. Başak ÇAKMAK/Bilal GÜNENÇ, İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp F. Başak ÇAKMAK/Bilal GÜNENÇ, İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, translationFakültesi, translationTolga GÜVEN, Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Tarihi ve Etik AD ders Tolga GÜVEN, Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Tarihi ve Etik AD ders notlarınotlarıGürkan SERT, Hasta HaklarıGürkan SERT, Hasta HaklarıRobert M VEATCH, Medical EthicsRobert M VEATCH, Medical EthicsEmine ATABEK, Mebrure DEĞER, Tıbbi Deontoloji KonularıEmine ATABEK, Mebrure DEĞER, Tıbbi Deontoloji KonularıHasta Hakları Yönetmeliği, 1998Hasta Hakları Yönetmeliği, 1998Klinik Araştırmalar Hakkında Yönetmelik, 2011Klinik Araştırmalar Hakkında Yönetmelik, 2011Çağlar Boyu Tıp, Roche YayınlarıÇağlar Boyu Tıp, Roche Yayınlarıhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page