ETHICAL AND POLITICAL

ISSUES

ETHICS(Fellows,2008)

The rules of conduct recognized in certain

associations or department.

Ethics(Cooper et al. 2008) are norms or standard of behaviors that guide moral choices about our behavior and our relationship with others.

What is Research Ethics?(Kimmel as cited by Diaz, 2009)

Concerned with how scientific data are obtained, and the social consequences of their discovery and analysis

Why research ethics?Researchers and participants

may have different standard of what is morally right or wrong Helps to ensure that our scientific endeavors are compatible with our values and goals via shared guidelines, principles, unwritten laws

The GOAL of research ethics is to ensure that no one is harmed or suffer adverse consequences from research activities.

Unethical activities include violating non disclosure agreements, breaking participant confidentiality, misrepresenting results, deceiving people, using invoicing irregularities, avoiding legal liability.

Principles of Research Ethics1. Research should be designed, reviewed and undertaken to be ensure 2. Research staff and subjects must be informed fully about the purpose, methods and intended possible uses of the research,

what their participation in the research entails and what is risks, if any are involved.3. The confidentiality of information supplied by research subjects and the anonymity of respondents must be respected.

4. Research participants must participate in a voluntary way, free from any coercion.5. Harm to research participants must be avoided6. The independence of research must be clear, and any conflicts of interest or partiality must be explicit.

PlagiarismPlagiarism is “the deliberate or

reckless representation of other’s word, thoughts ideas as one’s own without attribution in connection

with submission of academic work, whether graded or otherwise”

(UNC Honor Court, Instrument of Student Judicial Governance,

Section II,B,1,).

Type of Plagiarism1. Submitting a paper bought from somebody who makes it his/ her official business to sell papers (paper mill)2. Submitting a paper that somebody else has written (paid it or not).

3. Copying a paper from a source text without acknowledging the source.4. Paraphrasing materials from a source text without acknowledging the source.

How to avoid plagiarizing?Step 1: Accentuate the positive. Change your

attitude using citations. Step 2: How can you keep track of all this information? Improve your note- taking

skills.Step 3: So many details, so

little time! Locate the appropriate style manual.

Thank you!!!