Ethernet, IP Addresses and Honeywell Automation

Systems

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Background – Ethernet Connections Cat-5

• Though Ethernet now supports many media, the most common one in use is Cat 5 (Category-5) twisted-pair cable.

• Maximum distance between nodes is restricted to 100 meters.

• The maximum distance between any two nodes on a segment cannot exceed 2500 meters

• The maximum number of nodes on a network is 1024, but actual experience has shown that when the number of nodes on a network exceeds 200, too much of the network’s bandwidth is wasted by collisions.

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Background: Ethernet Connections

PC-to PC Connections using Ethernet require a crossover cable

Or

Electrically powered switch/hub/router

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Background – TCP/IP addressing

• Most PCs, Laptops and most modern automation systems include at least one component with an Ethernet connection.

• All Ethernet ports have a unique addressed called the MAC address, but it is typically not used

• Common network communication relies on TCP/IP addressing. (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol)

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Background - (TCP)/IP Address

• IP addresses are typically expressed as 4 groups of numbers separated by a “.”

• Each group is between 0 and 255• Each decimal number represents an 8-bit binary

group

Example:

198.53.147.45

• 11000110 00110101 10010011 00101101

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IP Subnet Mask

• Each IP Address includes a subnet mask• Subnet filters RESTRICT Ethernet connections Subnet

numbers act as a “MASK” or “Gate”

• Each subnet segment is a string of leading 1’s and 0s• Each subnet segment may only equal one of 8 numbers:

255 = 11111111 (must match exactly)254 = 11111110 (must match except last bit (2 allowed))252 = 11111100 (must match except last 2 bits (4 allowed))248 = 11111000 (must match except last 3 bits (8 allowed)) 240 = 11110000 (must match except last 4 bits (16 allowed))224 = 11100000 (must match except last 5 bits (32 allowed))192 = 11000000 (must match except last 6 bits (64 allowed))128 = 10000000 (must match except last 7 bits(128 allowed)0 = 00000000 (passes through everything! (256 allowed))

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Subnet Mask Filtering Example 1:

065.070.003.073 (IP)255.255.255.0 (255 blocks everything that does NOT match)

That’s equal to:01000001.01000110.00000011.01001001 (IP)11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 (SUBNET)

Only allows IP addresses :0100001.01000110.00000011.00000000 up to0100001.01000110.00000011.11111111

So this computer may connect to anyany other with an IP address from 065.070.003.001 up to 065.070.003.255

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Subnet Mask Filtering Example 2:

065.070.003.073 (IP)255.255.255.248 (block all but 8 computer addresses)

That’s equal to:01000001.01000110.00000011.01001001 (IP)11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 (SUBNET)

Only allows:0100001.01000110.00000011.01001000 up to0100001.01000110.00000011.01001111

This computer will onlyonly connect with IP addresses from 065.070.003.072 up to 065.070.003.079

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Connecting a Server to the Internet

• Server is part of a LAN

• LAN has a switch/hub

• LAN has a router/gateway for connection to the Internet

• Account has fixed singleIP address

• Router uses MAP function

192.168.1.201 192.168.1.101 192.168.1.202

192.168.1.1

67.231.141.208

Fixed Server IP address

MAP setup 67.231.141.208192.168.1.101

DSL Router, Gateway &

DNS Address

Fixed EXPOSED Internet IP

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Assigning Addresses – Static and Dynamic

How are IP address assigned to the node?

• There are two basic methods; manual and automatic

• Automatic IP address are generated from a DHCP server or router somewhere else on the network

• When an IP address is assigned manually, it is referred to as a static IP address. Each time the node is connected to the network, it will use the IP address that was assigned.

• Windows users assign static IP addresses - Start

- Settings

- network connections

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Changing a Static IP Address with Windows

1. Open Network Connections

2. Open Local Area Connection

3. Select Properties

4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

5. Select Use the following IP address

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Direct Connections with Static IP addresses

1.Manually Set IP Address on PC similar to controller’s IP address (within allowed subnet range)

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Identifying an IP address on a PC:

Start > Settings > Network ConnectionsSelect Local Area Connection

View the Support Tab

(assigned by DHCP In this example)

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Identifying IP address on JACE

• See installation Instructions-Remove Cover-Set Mode Jumper for Serial Shell

-Use Serial NULL modem cable on COM-1

-Use HyperTerminal software for connection115,200 8-N-1

-On boot up will display Ethernet port address

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Identifying IP address on WEBs 400/500

• See installation Instructions-Set Mode Jumper for Serial Shell

-Use Tridium adapter cable for COM-1

-Use HyperTerminal software for connection57,600 8-N-1

-On boot up will display Ethernet port address

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PINGing a computer

• Utility program built into windows• Verifies proper Ethernet IP to Ethernet IP

communication• Select Start > Run > type “command” to open window• In the command window type “ping xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx”

where xxx is the IP address to verify communication to• Type “exit” to close command box

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WEBs Connections

• Questions?