etcs’s eurobalise-btm and euroloop-ltm airgap noise and … · 2016-06-16 · etcs’s...

ETCS’s Eurobalise-BTM and Euroloop-LTM airgap noise and interferences review

Iñigo Adin

CEIT and Tecnun (University of Navarra)

NETS4TRAINS 2016

Donostia – San Sebastián

6-7 June 2016

Introduction

Nets4Trains 2016 Donostia – San Sebastián 6-7 June, 2016 2

ERTMS Improve the interoperability of railway signaling within the European Union

ETCS (onboard + trackside) + GSM-R

Eurobalise/BTM and LTM subsystems Provide the data transmission capabilities between the trackside and on-board unit

Current problems

Laboratory certification procedures do not completely address all the needs. The electromagnetic noise around the BTM/LTM antenna matters.

Where does the electromagnetic noise matters? Testing?

Life cycle

Introduction


Outline

BTM - LTM Basics

Functional and availability requirements

Electromagnetic noises influencing BTM and LTM receivers

Balise Evaluation Tool (and LET)

2

1

4

3

5 Conclusions and open points for Subset-036 and S-116

BTM functionality LTM functionality

Subset036 v3.0.0 (Q1 2012) Subset044 v2.3.0 (Q1 2008)

1


BTM and LTM basics


BTM and LTM basics

BTM and LTM differences

BTM system LTM system

Frequency band 3,951 - 4,513 MHz 9 - 18MHz

Contact zone length 2,6m. Max 300 – 1000 m.

Max. Operation speed 500km/h 350km/h

27,095MHz CW Telepowering signal For powering For activation

Modulation scheme CPFSK Coded DSSS with Diff BPSK

Other characteristics … Multi path environment

EMC Req. For air gap From subsets New version ETSI EN_302609 (SRD)Subset044 enough?

1

Spot transmission system:

• balises

• air-gap

• BTM

Case study: Balise Transmission Module (BTM)

BTM AN

BTM

function

Balise

Air-gap

BTM

BTM

Air-gap

Balise

Signals:

• tele-powering

• up-link

BTM and LTM basics

1



BTM and LTM Air gap conditions are, roughly, the same:

Usually same Antenna box

The leaking cable is close to the rails and balises

Mostly same kind of EMIs in their freq. bands

First set of parameters:

• Antenna position in the train

• Height of the Antenna

• Width of the defence

• Number of pantographs

93mm

248mm

Hmax=250mm

Hmin=155mm

Possible BTM

antenna placement

H=200mm±10mm

Antenna BTMMaximum height

Antenna BTMNominal height

Antenna BTMMinimum height

Hnom S085=293mm

210mm

1

BTM and LTM basics


Functional and Availability Requirements

Second set of parameters from the funtional block diagram:

Infrastructure and weather conditions

Train operating conditions

Transient disturbances characteristics

Number of bits captured – contact length

Trade offs with tDet and Vth

SNR when the balise message is transmitted

2


Functional and Availability Requirements

BTM Availability requirements: Subset036, section 6.7.4

2

Electromagnetic noise influenceon BTM receiver functionality

Transient noise influence:

Detector

Demodulator

Decoder

MODEL


3


Electromagnetic noise influenceon BTM receiver functionality

· Field testing Vs / &· Zero on-site testing

· laboratory testing

· virtual testing

Field testingZero on-site testing

REAL MACHINE

VIRTUAL MACHINE

PC1 Event Feeder

PC2

BTM/LTM

EVC

Laboratory Controller/

Validator/

JRU Downloader

ETH cable

ETH cable

192.168.0.2

192.168.0.1

192.168.0.101

192.168.0.102

192.168.0.103

192.168.0.104

SWITCH

DMI

3


Transient signals from subsets (S-036, S-116)

Last update for the Subset036 – Eurobalise Transmission susceptibility

• Self frequency, Fs [1 – 6 MHz]

• Decaying Factor, Df [5 – 30 cycles]

• Repetition Rate [1.5 - 15] KHz

• Magnetic field strenght, Bmax Table 22

• CW Noise, Bmax’ Table 23 (p.130)

Test methods, test procedures and test tools WILL be defined in Subset116.

3ID Frequency

[MHz]

Field Strength, RMS

[dBA/m]

CW_01 1.0 100

CW_02 2.5 83

CW_03 3.9 49

CW_04 4.5 49

CW_05 6.0 74


EMC Measurement campaigns - project: TREND

3

Transient signals from subsets and measurements

Train Batteries (220V 50Hz)

Data Adquisition Card

– 10bits and 60MB/s

NI PXI-5105

Storage

Hard Disk

Chasis PXI

NI PXI-1073

Band Pass Filter

(LPF+HPF)

Xfrm and

UPS

Computer with

Labview


EMC Measurement campaigns - project: TREND

3



EMC Measurement campaigns - project: STATIC TREND

3



EMC Measurement campaigns - project: STATIC and DYNAMIC TREND

3


0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

0,E+00 2,E+06 4,E+06 6,E+06 8,E+06 1,E+07

Percen

tag

e (%

)

Self Frequency (Hz)

Averaged Self Frequency

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

0 20 40 60 80 100

Per

cen

tage

(%)

Decaying Factor (Num_Cycles)

Averaged Decaying Factor

• Self frequency, Fs [1 – 8 MHz]

• Decaying Factor, Df [1 – 70 cycles]

• Repetition Rate [1.5 - 15] KHz


Radiation from the Rolling stock to the BTM antenna: POST-PROCESSING

UNIFE

3


MFP

Noise signal

Filter

Peak

sensing

device

20 dB

Attenuation

1 and 50 µs

Detector 20 dB

Amplifier

The first detector should be a 1 µs RMS integration detector,

which is described by the following formula (where T = 1 µs)

The second detector should be an absolute value averaging

detector, where T is 50 µs, described by the formula


3


40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76

Mag

net

ic F

ield

(d

Bu

A/m

)

Signals analyzed

Magnetic field radiated from HSPEED train to 20x20 loop (DETECTED WITH 1us and 50us following UNISIG PROPOSAL)

Detect_1us

Detect_50us

Limit S116 Transients

Limit S116 CW

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Mag

net

ic F

ield

(d

Bu

A/m

)

Signals analyzed

Magnetic field radiated from Hand Manipulation (of the Panto and CB) to 20x20 loop (DETECTED WITH 1us and 50us following UNISIG

PROPOSAL)Detect_1us

Detect_50us

Limits S116 Transients

Limits S116 CW


UNIFE


3


20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

5,0E+05 2,5E+06 4,5E+06 6,5E+06 8,5E+06Magn

eti

c F

ield

rad

iate

d (

dB

uA

/m)

Frequency (Hz)

Magnetic Field radiated by HSPEED train to MFP

(30us window)1st detector: RMS integration detector:


UNIFE


The addition of the signals isdone before the generation

Operation1) Balise and noise signals are

generated computationally

2) Signals are amplified

3) The added signals are injected to a reference loop

4) Physical signal is acquired by a data acquisition module

5) BTM function model processes it

System architecture

4

Balise Evaluation Tool


Calibration Objective: to obtain the values

defined in Subset 036 the currents in the reference loop

Implementation and calibration

Current Psa Pin G WS

Iu1 = 37 mA -15,62 dBm 12,67 dBm 15% 18%

75 mA -9,48 dBm 18,71 dBm 15% 32%

Iu3 = 116 mA -5,7 dBm 23 dBm 15% 49%

4



Main objective: validation of the fulfilment of the functional requirements

Thus, one test per each interferer identified in the requirements

Employed balise telegram: one containing the renewal of a Movement Authority

4



Log of an ETCS JRU Appearance of a DMI

Results example

4



Open Points

- Values from Subset-036 should be revised

- Which is the status of the Subset116 and the BTM Working Group?

- If LTM is inmune to these transients, why it is not employed?

5

ETCS’s Eurobalise-BTM and Euroloop-LTM airgap noise and interferences review

Iñigo Adin

CEIT and Tecnun (University of Navarra)

NETS4TRAINS 2016

Donostia – San Sebastián

6-7 June 2016

etcs’s eurobalise-btm and euroloop-ltm airgap noise and … · 2016-06-16 · etcs’s...

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