Esther Coz1,2, Gary Casuccio3, Traci L. Lersch3, Teresa Moreno2 and Begoña Artíñano1

5th DAURE Science MeetingBarcelona, May 26

DAURE Microscopy

1 Ciemat, Madrid2 IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona

3 RJ Lee Inc., Pittsburgh (USA)

Outline

Methods

Sampling

Microscopy

Data analysis

Methodology

Particle Collection

Scanning Electron MicroscopyEnergy

Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy

Digital Image Analysis

Elemental Composition Morphology

Data Analysis

How?

Outline

Methods

Sampling

Microscopy

Data analysis

Sampling Particle Collection

Low-Vol sampler Eight-stage cascade

impactor (Andersen)

  Impactor Stage (cut-off size)Stage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

D50 (m) 16 10 4.0 2.4 1.5 0.85 0.47 0.29

PM2.5 samples:

• Period: Feb 25 – 28

• Times: 7 am, 11 am, 5 pm and 8 am

• Intervals: 30 min – 2 hours

PM2.5: PC filters PM2.5-10: Aluminum substrates

No fiber filters

Sampling BCN site

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2:00

8:00

14:0

0

20:0

0

2:00

8:00

14:0

0

20:0

0

2:00

8:00

14:0

0

20:0

0

2:00

8:00

14:0

0

20:0

0

2:00

8:00

14:0

0

20:0

0

02/24 02/25 02/26 02/27 02/28

PM-10 PM-2.5 PM-1.0

0

3000

6000

9000

12000

15000

18000

0:00

2:00

4:00

6:00

8:00

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0:00

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18:00

20:00

22:00

0:00

2:00

4:00

6:00

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0:00

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0:00

2:00

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16:00

18:00

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02/24 02/25 02/26 02/27 02/28

BC(ng/m3)

CSIC data

CSIC data

Sampling BCN site

• PM2.5 concentrations ~ 20-60 g·m-3

• Coarse to fine PM ratios: 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

16:12

18:12

20:12

22:12

0:12

2:12

4:12

6:12

8:12

10:12

13:22

15:22

17:22

19:22

21:22

23:22

1:22

3:22

5:22

7:22

9:22

11:22

13:22

15:22

17:22

19:22

21:22

23:22

1:22

3:22

5:22

7:22

9:22

11:22

14:40

16:40

18:40

20:40

22:39

0:45

2:44

4:45

6:45

8:44

10:45

12:45

18:40

20:40

22:40

23:54

SO4 NO3 NH4 Org Chl

Which complementary information does

electron microscopy give?

PSI data

Outline

Methods

Sampling

Microscopy

Data analysis

Methodology Scanning Electron Microscopy

Electron Emission

Electromagneticlenses

X-raydetector

SEdetector

SEdetector

Signalconversion

Signalconversion

Pump

Scanningcoils

Sample

Methodology Scanning Electron Microscopy

Quantitative AnalysisQualitative Analysis

Personal SEM (Aspex Inc.)

Fully Computer Controlled SEM

(CCSEM) FEI Sirion 400Hitachi S5000

High Resolution SEM (HRSEM)

10-E4

Field

Shape Parameters

Dmin

DmaxSp1=Dp/Dmax

Sp2=Dmin/Dmax

AR=Dmax/D’min

Dp=(4/Area)1/2

DmaxDmin

Outline

Methods

Sampling

Microscopy

Data analysis

Data Analysis

Particle by particle (>20,000): C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ba, Pb

Minerals Heavy MetalOxides

Ammonium Sulfate(bisulfate)

Primary Biogenic Organic Aerosols

Carbonaceous & Nitrates

Silicates & Aluminosilicates

Calcium Carbonates

Sulfates

Non sulfate salts

Iron Oxides

Ti Oxides

…

Clustering

• Particle number, Volume and mass contribution

• Size distribution

• Associated quantitative morphology (circularity, convexity, elongation and

compactness)

Cluster by cluster:

Data Analysis

Aluminosilicates: Natural vs.

Industrial origin

Soot-like agglomerates: Fresh vs. Aged

DAURE campaign

¡¡¡¡¡Thanks to the colleagues from Ciemat, IDEAE-CSIC & RJ Lee Group, Inc. !!!!!!!!!