establishing inter-operability among multiple inter-organizational systems for efficient...
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Conférence Internationale sur les Guichets Uniques: « Guichet unique virtuel du commerce extérieur : L'exigence d'une collaboration inclusive »
SWC2016
Establishing Interoperability among multiple Inter-Organizational Systems (IOS) for Efficient Cross-Border Trade - Single Window Environment -
Somnuk Keretho Institute for IT Innovation
Kasetsart University, Thailand
Trends in Multiple “Single Windows”
Interoperability between Inter-Organizational information Systems (IOS)
Government Actions are needed to support the development of interoperability among IOSs (Single Window Environment)
Business Requirements, Processes & Data Schema defined for interoperability
In this presentation
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Single Window has been a huge success in helping countries to implement trade facilitation reforms.
Need to keep in mind that: The objective of Single Window is not the establishment of a SW itself but rather the trade facilitation reforms for the benefit of both government and trade.
The emergence of multiple Single Window systems within a country is a challenge that needs to be addressed in order to achieve further trade facilitation enhancement.
Interoperability between multiple SWs (IOSs) within the country and with partner counties needs to be defined and implemented.
Key Points
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Emergence of Multiple “Single Windows”
e-Trade
Importers
Exporters
Importer’s Banks
Exporter’s Banks
Maritime Regulatory SW
Marine Department
Ship Piloting
Vessel Traffic & Safety Agency
Ship Agents
Port Authority
Terminal Operator
Vessel Operator
Port Community
System (PCS)
Freight Forwarders
Haulers Warehouses
Terminal Operators
Several Other Regulatory Agents
Port Equipment Operators
e-Freight
Freight Forwarders Traders
Haulers
Vessels
Air lines
Customs Department
Quarantine Agency
Several Other Regulatory
Agencies
Food & Drug Authority
Customs Brokers
Traders
Trade Regulatory
SW
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One question, many answers: our e-Customs System, our Trade Regulatory System, our Port Community System, our National e-Logistic Platform, our e-Maritime SW, …
Single Window Architecture Questions?:
Which agency leads the initiative? How do stakeholders collaborate?
How is the information exchange organized?
What are the objectives, business models, …
Three Single Window Architectures:
What is a Single Window?
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I. Centralized SW II. SW Evolution
III. SW Environment (Network of IOS)
A leading model in the early SW implementations*
One central, national system that manages all communication between the stakeholders
Hierarchical model, one system does it all
Architecture I: The centralized Single Window
6 * Ref: UN/CEFACT Recommendation No. 33.
Stepwise development of large Government IT platforms in a country
Evolution of systems: Customs ⟹ eCustoms ⟹ Regulatory SW ⟹ Port SW/Port Community System ⟹ National Integrated SW…
Each country has different priorities and is in a different phase of development….. hence we see many different models of SW systems.
Architecture II: Single Window Evolution
7 Ref: TEN YEARS OF SINGLE WINDOW IMPLEMENTATION: LESSONS LEARNED FOR THE FUTURE, J. Tsen , UN, 2011.
Ref: Single Window Planning and Implementation Guide, UNESCAP/UNECE, 2012.
International Trade
Transport Supply Chain
Transport Infrastructure Management
.
Transport Regulations
Trade Regulations
B2B e-Commerce (e.g. Amazon, Apple, AliBaba..) e-Freight (e.g. IATA e-Freight), GS1 Track & Trace Systems Port Community System (PCS), Free Zone Information Systems, Cargo Management System (CMS), … Air/Sea Port Community Systems (PCS), Free Zone Information Systems, Inland Waterway Management, …
Maritime SW, e-Navigation, SafeSeaNet, Waste Management Systems, … eCustoms, NCTS, ICS, ECS, eTIR, eCITES, eSPS, ASYCER, Trade Regulatory Single Window, …
Architecture III: Multiple stakeholder systems emerged to manage cross border trade
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The Single Window Environment
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In the EU we see combination of both centralized and decentralized Single Window concepts: Some large collaborative systems for cross border trade which are similar to SW (Customs SW, Maritime SW, ..)
.. and also many, smaller stakeholder systems (PCS, CMS, NCTS, CITES, .. )
In African and Asia countries, there are needs for interoperabilities between Regulatory SW and PCS within the country, and National SW and National SW connectivity, among other.
Single Window Environment*: “A network of cooperating facilities bound by agreed collaboration mechanisms in which government and trade have
seamless access to services and information to fulfil their legitimate roles.” (WCO)
The SWE consists of stakeholder systems and a framework for collaboration (standards, legal framework, gov’ policies)
*Adopted by EU member states as the future EU SW Architecture (Venice Declaration October 2014)
Looking ahead – Establishing the Network of IOS for efficient cross-border trade
e-Trade
Importers
Exporters
Importer’s Banks
Exporter’s Banks
Maritime SW
Marine Department
Ship Piloting
Vessel Traffic Safety
Ship Agents
Port Authority
Terminal Operator
Vessel Operator
Port Community
System (PCS)
Freight Forwarders
Haulers Warehouses
Terminal Operators
Several Regulatory Agents
Port-equipment Operators
e-Freight
Freight Forwarders Traders
Haulers
Vessels
Air lines
Customs Department
Quarantine Agency
Several Regulatory Agencies
Food & Drug Authority
Customs Brokers
Traders
Trade Regulatory
SW
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Networking of IOS for cross border trade
Inter-Organizational Information Systems (IOSs)
IOS: A system for collaboration and information exchange among independent stakeholders in international trade
IOS Characteristics: focussed, limited number of stakeholders, fast implementation, dynamic,
supra-national,..
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IOS: Why Government leadership matters?
In EU, EU directives and large EU projects have an important role to provide orientation for the many IOS systems: What will be the future architecture for agency collaboration in Europe?
Which data standards will we use?
How do we interact with other IOS systems?
What is the legal framework for collaboration with the private sector?
…
In ASEAN, the ten ASEAN governments mandate all relavent agencies to implement connectivity between National Single Windows of the ASEAN countries.
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What could be a suitable framework to encourage different IOS to collaborate?
Port Community
System
Regulatory Single
Window A network of inter-Organizational Systems creating
The Single Window Environment
Agree on
collaboration:
NSW PCS
Business Model, Legal terms,
Service level agreements,
Process & Data structures,
Security
A Proposed Framework for collaboration between IOSs and Single Windows:
Expected Output:
A best practice framework/guide for agreements between IOS
Two IOS could use this framework to negotiate the specific agreements for their collaboration
Key Guidelines: Collaboration between IOS is demand driven – or the Government mandate Business value for stakeholders Legal guideline for collaboration Business Processes interaction between systems Data Schema for exchange Service Level Agreement Security standards and common technical protocols
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Recommended Actions for Governments
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Governments should continue to simplify and automate trade procedures under a national Trade Facilitation & Single Window (IOS) Strategy
Governments should encourage collaboration of IOS with the objective to
..create a Open Single Window Environment that delivers integrated and high value added services to trade
To this end, Governments should
Develop a framework of standards and agreements for IOS collaboration in international trade and..
Initiate IOS pathfinder projects that establish IOS collaboration in their sector
Thank you
Somnuk Keretho, PhD Director, Institute for IT Innovation
Kasetsart University, Thailand
For more details, please refer to
Co-authored by Somnuk Keretho & Markus Pikart, 2013