esd
DESCRIPTION
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ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)
Electrostatic Discharge? Sudden discharge of a charged body
Importance of ESD to the Semiconductor Industry Unexpected destruction of semiconductor
devices Losses can occur anywhere from fabrication to
field Millions of $ in real and hidden losses each year
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) :The transfer of electrostatic charge between bodies or surfaces at different electrostatic potential. ESD is a subset of EOS
Electrical Overstress (EOS): The exposure of an object to a current or voltage beyond its maximum ratings
TRIBOELECTRIC SERIES
POSITIVE (+)Human HandsRabbit FurGlass (Quartz)MicaHuman HairNylonWoolFurLeadSilkAluminumPaperCottonSteelWoodAmberSealing WaxHard RubberNickel, Copper
Brass, SilverGold, PlatinumSulfurAcetate RayonPolyesterCelluloidOrlonPolyurethanePolyethylenePolypropylenePVCKEL FSiliconTeflonNEGATIVE (-)
ESD DAMAGE TO ICs
Any point from manufacture to field service Handling the devices in uncontrolled
surroundings Poor ESD control practices used Types of Failure:
Catastrophic failure Latent failure
What Causes Electronic Devices to Fail?
Discharge to the Device Discharge from the Device Field Induced Discharges
What Fails?
Oxide breakdown of the transistor gates (CDM)
Thermal in nature to the transistor junctions (MM and HBM)
Metallization and Poly-silicon Burn-out Hot-carrier injection
ESD Model
Human Body Model or HBM Human handling of the chips)
Machine Model or MM Robotic handling in assemblies
Charged Device Model or CDM Charge from the package itself
A typical Input Signal PAD
IO DEVICE
LV LOCALCLAMP
LV LOCALCLAMP
CORE SIDEPAD
RBUS RBUSRBUS
RBUS
RBUS RBUS RBUS
VDDO (RAIL)
VSSO (RAIL)
P
S
ESD Paths Between Diff Power
HV CLAMP
LV CLAMP
VDD VDDO3V3 VSSO
VSS
VDD
VDDO3V3
LV CLAMP
VDD VSSO
VSS
VDD
VDDO2V5
VSS
2.5V domain 3.3V domain
HV CLAMP
VDDO2V5
Back to Back Diodes
Full Chip Wire Bond
DDRLVTTL
LVDS
LVTTL
DD
RLV
DS
LVTT
LLV
DS
VDD
PAD
VSS
PAD
VDD
O P
AD
VSSO
PAD
VDD
PAD
VSS
PAD
VDD
O P
AD
VSSO
PAD
VSSO BUS
VDDO BUS (2.5V)
VSS BUS
VDD BUS
VDDO BUS (3.3V)
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6