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Erin McWalter and Kathryn Diakiw Computers 8

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Help you grow and function Provide energy Two types: Fat-soluble Stay longer3 days to 6 months Water-soluble Travel through the bloodstream Found in: Most foods we eat Your body makes vitamin K and D Your body needs 13 vitamins to live Vitamins

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Vitamin A Helps you see in the dark and colour Found in certain milk, liver, etc. Vitamin B More than one; B1, B6, etc. Helps you make and store energy Found in whole grains, meat, dairy, etc. Vitamin C Helps keep body tissues Found in citrus fruit, kiwi, etc. Vitamins (cont.)

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Vitamin D Develops strong bones, like teeth Absorbs calcium Found in fish, egg yokes, etc. Vitamin E protects your cells and tissues Important for red blood cells Found in wheat germ, egg yokes, etc. Vitamin K Clots your blood if you have a cut Found in dairy, broccoli, etc. Vitamins (cont.)

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Works like vitamins to help us grow We cannot properly think without them Types: Calciumfound in dairy and green vegetables Ironfound in meat, beans, etc. Magnesiumfound in chocolate, whole grains, etc. Phosphorusfound in most foods Potassiumfound in dried fruits, bananas, etc. Zincfound in whole grains, seafood, etc. Minerals

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Calcium Builds strong bones and teeth Iron Helps carry oxygen Magnesium Steadies the heart rhythm Helps muscles and nerves function keeps bones strong Minerals (cont.)

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Phosphorus Helps form healthy bones Helps the body make energy Potassium Helps with muscle and nervous system function Maintains the balance of water in the body Zinc Helps you grow Makes a strong immunity system Heals wounds Minerals (cont.)

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Carries oxygen to all the cells of your body Helps you fight off illness Helps your brain function 85% of your brain is water Keeps your heart beating Keeps us alive 90% of you body is water A bad case of dehydration can make you sick, or get you killed Your body can hold on to water for a while Water

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Provide energy Two Types: Simple (sugars) Complex (starches) Four calories/g Body breaks carbs down into simple sugars Provides 60% of your daily calories Contains oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen Carbohydrates

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Simple Sugars: Found in refined sugars like white sugars Also found in nutritious foods like fruit and milk Can cause blood sugar to rise Gives energy for a short time Starches: Found in bread, pasta, and rice Give you energy for a longer time Contain nutrients and fiber if unrefined (whole grain) Refined grains (white) have nutrients and fiber removed. Carbohydrates (cont.)

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Provides energy Building blocks of hormones Help absorb some vitamins Insulates and protects body Three types: Unsaturated fats Saturated fats Trans fats 30% of calories come from fat Fat

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Unsaturated Fats: Found in plant foods and fish May be good to your health Saturated Fats: Found in meat, butter, cheese, and milk except skim Too much causes high cholesterol and increase risk of heart disease Trans Fats: Found baked food, margarine etc. Also cause high cholesterol the risk of heart disease Fat (cont.)

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Builds up, maintains, and replaces your tissues Makes hemoglobin Part of a red blood cell that carries oxygen Also help to build up the heart Two types: Animal protein Vegetable Protein Vegetarians get protein by eating protein-rich vegetable foods Proteins

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Body breaks protein into amino acids Therere 22 amino acids, but your body makes 13 everyday Animal Protein: Examples are meat and milk Contains 9 amino acids Vegetable Protein: Does not have 9 amino acids Protein needs: Grow as one gets bigger Level off when one becomes an adult Protein (cont.)

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Cleans out your bowels Makes you feel full Two types: Soluble fibres- Found in cranberries Insoluble fibre- Found in whole wheat and vegetables Reduces the risk of : High cholesterol Obesity Some cancers High blood sugar Diabetes Fibre

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Carbs: http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html http://www.kscience.co.uk/as/module1/carbohydrates.htm http://www.kscience.co.uk/as/module1/carbohydrates.htm Fats: http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/fat.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/fat.html Protein: http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html Fibre: http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/feeding/fiber.html http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/feeding/fiber.html http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art49479.asp http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art49479.asp Vitamins: http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/vitamin.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/vitamin.html http://www.livestrong.com/article/206223-vitamin-facts-for-kids/#ixzz1efIadTZz http://www.livestrong.com/article/206223-vitamin-facts-for-kids/#ixzz1efIadTZz Minerals: http://kidshealth.org/teen/misc/mineral_chart.html http://kidshealth.org/teen/misc/mineral_chart.html Water: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_much_percent_of_your_brain_is_water http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_much_percent_of_your_brain_is_water http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/water.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/water.html Bibliography