eric niederhoffer siu-som how are co 2, no, and o 2 processed and transported? a 40-year-old man...
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Eric Niederhoffer
SIU-SOM
How are CO2, NO, and O2 processed and transported?
A 40-year-old man complains of progressive exertional shortness of breath
A 4-year-old African boy is brought in by his adoptive parents who say that he has pain in his limbs and
does not want to walk
How is heme synthesized?
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Small Molecule Processing and Transport
• CO2 processing and transport
carbonic anhydrase, anion exchanger, carbamate formation, Bohr effect
• NO processing and transportglutathione
• O2 processing and transport
hemoglobin/myoglobin structure, allostery, cooperativity
• Heme synthesispathway, disorders
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CO2 Processing and Transport
CO2 CO2
H2OCA
H2CO3
H+Hb
Hb(O2)4
O2HCO3-HCO3
- O2
HbNH2
HbNH-CO2-H++ + +
+ +
from tissues
to tissuesplasma
Cl- Cl-AE1
CO2 CO2
H2OCA
H2CO3
H+Hb
Hb(O2)4
O2HCO3-HCO3
- O2
HbNH2
HbNH-CO2-H++ + +
+ +
to air
from airplasma
Cl- Cl-AE1
Percent Distribution of CO2
Species Arterial Venous
Carbamino 5 30
HCO3- 87 60
CO2 dissolved 8 10
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NO Processing and Transport
http://www.comprehensivephysiology.com/WileyCDA/CompPhysArticle/refId-c090009.html
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Hemoglobin Structure Changes
http://www.mfi.ku.dk/PPaulev/chapter8/images/8-3.jpg
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Factors Affecting Binding of O2
Depends on pH ([H+]), CO2, BPG, Temp
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Factors Affecting Binding of O2Adaptation
Figures from http://www.wiley.com/college/voet/047119350X/image_gallery/
ch10/index.html
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Heme Synthesismit
SCoA + Gly
5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase
5ALAPBG
Porphobilinogen synthase
PBG deaminase
Hydroxymethylbilane
Uroporphyrinogen III synthase
UPGIII
UPGIII decarboxylase
CPGIIICoproporphyrinogen oxidase
PPGIX
PPIX
Protoporphyrinogen oxidase
Ferrochelatase
Heme
Pb
Pb
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Review Questions• How are CO2 and NO processed and transported?
• How are myoglobin and hemoglobin similar and
different?
• What portion of hemoglobin is involved in small
molecule transport?
• What allosteric effectors bind hemoglobin?
• How do allosteric effectors produce left and right
shifts of the hemoglobin-O2 binding curves?
• How is heme synthesized?
• How is heme synthesis regulated?