Era of Good FeelingsEra of Good Feelings

Unit IIIBUnit IIIB

AP U.S. HistoryAP U.S. History

A National PerceptionA National Perception

Era of Good Feelings – POLEra of Good Feelings – POLJames Monroe (D-R) (1817-1825)James Monroe (D-R) (1817-1825)

Era of Good Feelings – POLEra of Good Feelings – POLThe Marshall CourtThe Marshall Court

McCulloch v. Maryland McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)(1819) Bank of the United States Bank of the United States

constitutional under constitutional under “necessary and proper”“necessary and proper”

States could not tax the States could not tax the Bank - Supremacy ClauseBank - Supremacy Clause

Gibbons v. OgdenGibbons v. Ogden (1824)(1824) Increased federal Increased federal

government’s interstate government’s interstate commerce authoritycommerce authority Chief Justice John Marshall

Era of Good Feelings – POL Era of Good Feelings – POL The Great TriumvirateThe Great Triumvirate

WESTHenry Clay of Kentucky

SOUTHJohn C. Calhoun of South Carolina

NORTHDaniel Webster of Massachusetts

Era of Good Feelings – POLEra of Good Feelings – POLMissouri Compromise (1820)Missouri Compromise (1820)

Proposed by Henry Proposed by Henry ClayClay

Missouri admitted Missouri admitted as slave stateas slave state

Maine admitted as Maine admitted as free statefree state

Establish Latitude Establish Latitude 36 30’ Line36 30’ Line North of the line North of the line

is freeis free South of the line South of the line

is slaveis slave

““Missouri question aroused and filled me Missouri question aroused and filled me with alarm…I have been among the most with alarm…I have been among the most sanguine in believing that our Union would sanguine in believing that our Union would be of long duration. I now doubt it much.” - be of long duration. I now doubt it much.” - Thomas Jefferson, April 13, 1820Thomas Jefferson, April 13, 1820

Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

Era of Good Feelings – WOREra of Good Feelings – WORMonroe Doctrine (1823)Monroe Doctrine (1823)

U.S. and Great Britain U.S. and Great Britain concerned about European concerned about European expansion into Americasexpansion into Americas

John Q. Adams authoredJohn Q. Adams authored PointsPoints

Americas no longer to Americas no longer to subject to European subject to European colonizationcolonization

Europe must not interfere Europe must not interfere with sovereignty of with sovereignty of independent nations in independent nations in AmericasAmericas

America’s Market Economy – WXT America’s Market Economy – WXT Cumberland RoadCumberland Road

America’s Market Economy – WXTAmerica’s Market Economy – WXTErie CanalErie Canal

America’s Market Economy – WXT America’s Market Economy – WXT The The ClermontClermont

America’s Market Economy – WXTAmerica’s Market Economy – WXT

America’s Market Economy – WXT America’s Market Economy – WXT InnovationsInnovations

Steam engine

Interchangeable partsSpinning jenny

Cotton gin

America’s Market Economy:America’s Market Economy:AgricultureAgriculture

Evolution of CottonEvolution of Cotton Technological AdvancementsTechnological Advancements

Eli Whitney’s cotton ginEli Whitney’s cotton gin

Improved transportationImproved transportation King CottonKing Cotton

Impact of Improved AgricultureImpact of Improved Agriculture Regional specializationRegional specialization Increased drive for western Increased drive for western

expansionexpansion Increased demand for slaveryIncreased demand for slavery

America’s Market Economy:America’s Market Economy:Industry and the Factory SystemIndustry and the Factory System

Evolution of TextilesEvolution of Textiles Putting-out systemPutting-out system Technological advancementsTechnological advancements Samuel SlaterSamuel Slater Lowell SystemLowell System

Vertically integrated systemVertically integrated system BoardinghousesBoardinghouses Recruitment of young womenRecruitment of young women

Impact of IndustrializationImpact of Industrialization Increased outputIncreased output Opportunities for unskilled laborOpportunities for unskilled labor Weakened artisansWeakened artisans Increased urbanizationIncreased urbanization Increased American Increased American

competitivenesscompetitiveness

America’s Market Economy - WXTAmerica’s Market Economy - WXTThe American SystemThe American System

Henry Clay’s PlanHenry Clay’s Plan Protective tariffsProtective tariffs

Develop domestic industriesDevelop domestic industries Source of federal revenue including Source of federal revenue including

infrastructure projectsinfrastructure projects Tariff of 1816Tariff of 1816

Rate of 20-25%Rate of 20-25% National bankNational bank

Facilitate commerce and credit Facilitate commerce and credit systemssystems

Second Bank of the United States Second Bank of the United States (BUS) (1816)(BUS) (1816)

InfrastructureInfrastructure National roads, canals, internal National roads, canals, internal

improvementsimprovements Improved transportation connected Improved transportation connected

and expanded marketsand expanded markets

American’s Market Economy – WXTAmerican’s Market Economy – WXTPanic of 1819Panic of 1819

CausesCauses Western land speculationWestern land speculation War inflation then post-war deflationWar inflation then post-war deflation BUS pursued contractionary monetary BUS pursued contractionary monetary

policypolicy

AftermathAftermath First recession of market economyFirst recession of market economy Northern manufacturers demanded Northern manufacturers demanded

high tariffshigh tariffs Southern farmers demanded low Southern farmers demanded low

tariffstariffs Westerners criticized speculators and Westerners criticized speculators and

bankersbankers

United States c. 1824United States c. 1824