era of accelerator and reactor θ13 experimentsumehara/dbd11/presentation/15_07mi... · • reactor...
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Era of accelerator and reactor θ13 experiments
Hisakazu Minakata Tokyo Metropolitan
University
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Reactor & accelerator θ13 experiments blossomed !
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Double Chooz
A&R順不同
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
To measure θ13 one needs νe
• P(νe -> νe) is the interference between e->1 -------> 1->e and e->2 -------> 2->e
e->3 -------> 3->e • P(νµ -> νe) is the interference between µ->1 -------> 1->e and µ->2 -------> 2->e µ->3 -------> 3->e
Involve |Ue3|= s13 but in fact s2
13
Obviously involve |Ue3|2 = s2
13
Reactor and accelerator are equally good probe for θ13
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Complementarity is the key word • Reactor measurement
depends only on θ13
• Clean measurement of θ13
• Relatively inexpensive, but single purpose exp.
• Accelerator measurement can enjoy richness of the world, θ13 and δ, the last parameter in the νSM (except for Majorana phases)
• Expensive but extendable to CP measurement
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
The most important feature for me is that we can enjoy redundancy of these two methods!
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I participated the era by proposing reactor θ13 experiment, a good time
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
T2K surprised us in June
2011
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1st indication of nonzero θ13
6 events at T2K !
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Released in June 15@KEK
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T2K appearance event distribution
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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MINOS also saw excess
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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Global analysis • All ν experiments coherently support θ13 ~ 8 degree
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Fogli et al. June 29
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Double Chooz reminded us
that there is a complementary
way for θ13
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Double Chooz Reactor data just released at Low-Nu11 in Seoul, Korea!
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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> 3 σ evidence for nonzero θ13!
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
DC+T2K best fit
T2K best fit
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Another A-R complementarity ?
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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More reactor θ13 data are coming
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Double Chooz
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
New era for ν
phenomenology
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We attempted an independent analysis using T2K paper, HK-LOI, etc.
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos P.A.N.Machad, HM, H.Nunokawa, R.Zukanovich Funchal, to appear
Lindroos-Mezetto 2010
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We reproduced T2K, MINOS and T2K+DC contours
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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T2K+DC+MINOS: normal vs. inverted hierarchies
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
P.A.N.Machado, HM, H.Nunokawa, R.Zukanovich Funchal, to appear in ArXiv today
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Breakdown of χ2 : θ13
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Normal hierarchy
Inverted hierarchy
All combined
At small θ13 the major player is T2K At large θ13 the major player is DC and MINOS
Best fit: sin22θ13=0.081 (normal) 0.087 (inverted)
3.36 σ evidence for nonzero θ13 !
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Predicting (boldly) June and December 2012
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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In June and December 2012; RENO is powerful
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Apparently θ13 is large !
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Large θ13 : Two issues
• What is the influence of large θ13 on strategies of future ν oscillation experiments ?
• Wide ranges of possibilities are open for CP and mass hierarchy
• What does large θ13 means?; Physics behind the large θ13
• No symmetry hidden for relatively small θ13=0 ?
• natural because U=Vl
+Vν and two angles are large
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
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Opening the possibility of “all in one”
• With large θ13 ~ Chooz limit a megaton scale water Cherenkov can do many
• With intense ν and ν-bar beam it can measure δ
• With gigantic atmospheric ν events it could determine mass hierarchy
• in situ measurement of everything in a single detector
• It can do proton decay • It can do many astrophysics too
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
water Cherenkov vs. liquid Ar vs. TASD debatable
Hyper-K LOI
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Accelerator–reactor
method for CP violation
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Accelerator-reactor combined method for CP δ
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
HM-H.Sugiyama PLB 04 Idea is very simple
Valid way for determining sign(sin δ), not for precision measurement
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Breakdown of χ2 : δ
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Normal hierarchy
Inverted hierarchy
Hint for sign(sinδ) < 0 ?
Similar indication from SK atm (next page)
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99% C.L. 90% C.L. 68% C.L. best
May 2010
Excluded by CHOOZ at 90% C.L.
Full 3-flavor oscillation results SK-I+II+III
- Normal hierarchy - Preliminary
1 0.84 0.4 0 0 0
0.4 - Inverted hierarchy -
1.5e-3
3.5e-3
1.5e-3
3.5e-3
1.5e-3
3.5e-3
300 November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Takeuchi Nu2010
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Limitations of accelerator-reactor method
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
HM-Sugiyama 04
CP coverage cannot be great, Huber et al. 09
δ determination suffers from sign-∆m2 degeneracy
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Reactor-accelerator method can
compete with HK for θ23 degeneracy
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Sensitivity comparison: HK atm vs. reactor + JPARC-HK
JPARC-HK (2+6 yrs)+reactor 10GWktyr HK atm ν (LOI)
Hiraide et al 06 hep-ph/0601258
Atm ν (left figure)
Both methods have comparable sensitivity to θ23 octant determination
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Conclusion • Era of accelerator-reactor θ13
experiments blossomed • It appears that θ13 is large ! • large θ13 opens up wide range of
possibilities for hunting CP & mass hierarchy
• large θ13 invites “all in one” approach, for example, HK + JPARC beam (with bonus of proton decay)
• Physical meaning of the large θ13 has to be understood
Congratulations!
e.g., accelerator-reactor method
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November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Backup slides
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Large θ13 in QLC context
November 15, 2011 Double Beta Decay and Neutrinos
Bimaximal mixing from charged leptons
Bimaximal mixing from neutrinos
Large θ13 prefers bimaximal mixing from ν
Raidal 04, HM-A.Smirnov 04
QLC based on observation: θ12 + θC = π/4