equatorial waves. kelvin waves (figure obtained from introduction to tropical meteorology, 2 nd...
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![Page 1: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Equatorial Waves
![Page 2: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Kelvin Waves
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
![Page 3: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Equatorial Rossby Waves
(Figures obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
![Page 4: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Mixed Rossby-Gravity Waves
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
![Page 5: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Preferred Equatorial Wave Paths
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
![Page 6: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Shallow Water System
x
p ρ2
ρ1
h’
A B
p p
![Page 7: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Equatorial Rossby Wave Solution
(Figure obtained from Matsuno (1966), their Figure 4c. © 1966, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan.)
Location of maximized convergence
Winds maximized near equator and decay rapidly N/S
from there
![Page 8: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Equatorial Rossby Wave Solution
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
Diabatic generation of
cyclonic PV rearward of lower pressures acts as a
brake on wave propagation
![Page 9: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Mixed Rossby-Gravity Wave Solution
(Figure obtained from Matsuno (1966), their Figure 6b. © 1966, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan.)
Locations of maximized speed convergence
Winds maximized near equator and decay rapidly N/S
from there
![Page 10: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Mixed Rossby-Gravity Wave Solution
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
Diabatic generation of
cyclonic PV rearward of lower pressures acts as a
brake on wave propagation
![Page 11: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Kelvin Wave Solution
(Figure obtained from Matsuno (1966), their Figure 8. © 1966, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan.)
Location of maximized convergence
Winds maximized near equator and decay rapidly N/S
from there.
Winds also maximized at heart of mass (pressure)
field anomalies and decay E/W from
there.
Cyclonic shear vorticity located to the N/S of equator; along equator: opposite signed
pressure field response
![Page 12: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Kelvin Wave Solution
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
Diabatic generation of
cyclonic PV rearward of lower pressures acts as a
brake on wave propagation
![Page 13: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Equatorial Wave Monitoring
(Figure obtained from http://monitor.cicsnc.org/mjo/current/.)
Longevity (lower frequency =
higher period)
direction of motion
![Page 14: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Equatorial Wave Monitoring
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
Equatorially-asymmetric OLR anomalies
Strong, widespread, long-lasting OLR anomalies
Equatorially-symmetric OLR anomalies
Local, near-equator OLR anomalies
Yellow: suppressed convection
Blue: enhanced convection
![Page 15: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Equatorial Wave Monitoring
(Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)
![Page 16: Equatorial Waves. Kelvin Waves (Figure obtained from Introduction to Tropical Meteorology, 2 nd Edition, © 2011 COMET.)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2511b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Equatorial Wave Monitoring
(Figure obtained from http://www.atmos.albany.edu/facstaff/roundy/waves/hovsdet/)
time
(All fields are meridionally-
averaged)