EQ: How do I identify EQ: How do I identify simple, compound, simple, compound,

complex, and compound-complex, and compound-complex sentences?complex sentences?

Simple Compound

Complex Compound-Complex

Types of Sentences

Dependent Clause-

Independent Clause-

Simple Compound

Complex Compound-Complex

Types of Sentences

Independent Clause--DOES express a complete thought-CAN stand alone as a sentence-HAS a subject and a verb-MAIN clause

Dependent Clause--DOES NOT express a complete thought-CANNOT stand alone as a sentence-HAS a subject and a verb-STARTS with relative pronoun OR a subordinating conjunction-AKA – subordinate clause-3 types – adjective, adverb, noun clauses

-CONTAINS ONE independent clause -AND NO dependent clauses-makes ONE complete thought

-HAS TWO or more independent clauses AND NO dependent clauses-JOINED by comma and a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) OR a semi-colon-clauses MUST be closely related

-CONTAINS ONE independent clause -AND ONE or more dependent clauses-HAS relative pronoun (that, which, who, whom, whose) or subordinating conjunction (A WHITE BUS) to indicate dependent clause

-HAS TWO or more independent clauses -AND has ONE or more dependent clauses

Simple Compound

Complex Compound-Complex

Types of Sentences

I;II,cI

SVSSVSVVSSVV

D,I;IID,cI

* There are many combinations

D,IIDD,ID

* There are many combinations

Independent Clause--DOES express a complete thought-CAN stand alone as a sentence-HAS a subject and a verb-MAIN clause

Dependent Clause--DOES NOT express a complete thought-CANNOT stand alone as a sentence-HAS a subject and a verb-STARTS with relative pronoun OR a subordinating conjunction-AKA – subordinate clause-3 types – adjective, adverb, noun clauses

Adjective Clause- Noun Clause-

Independent Clause-

Dependent Clause-

Complex Sentence- -

Adverb Clause-

Example-

Example-

Example-

Example-

Example-

-CONTAINS ONE independent clause -AND ONE or more dependent clauses-HAS relative pronoun or subordinating Conjunction in dependent clause

that, which, who, whom, whose

how, that, what, when, whatever, where, why, whether, which, who, whom, whoever, whomever, whichever

as, as if, if, because, before, even though, since, so that, than, when, while, where

The hardest climb, which took him three days, was Mount Whitney.

Example-

Devon Kim is a climber who likes challenges.

They checked the gear before they started the climb.

Devon worries about the weather more than Andy does.

The set designer gave whoever helped a bonus.

The director determined who would design the set.

DO

IOAdv

Adv

Adj

Adj

makes a complete thought

does NOT make a complete thought

describes nouns or pronouns AND answers what kind, which one, how many, how much

describes verb, adjective, or other adverb AND answers where, when, how, why, to what extent, under what conditions.

ACTS like a noun AND can be the subject, direct object, indirect object, obj. of prep., or predicate nominative

Relative Pronouns Subordinating Conjunctions Subordinating Conjunctions

Has one independent clause and no subordinate (dependent) clause

EXAMPLES:

1) Ron has found a pearl in an oyster.

2) Thelma and Leo buy automobiles.

3) Then they repair and sell the cars.

Has one independent clause and at least one subordinate (dependent clause)

EXAMPLES:1) Because I like to read, I often go to the library that is down the street.

Independent clause: I often go to the library.

Dependent clause: Because I like to read

Dependent clause: That is down the street

HINT: Think about the “A White Bus” words – subordinating conjunctions

HINT (2): Look for relative pronouns – who, whose, whom, which, that

Has two or more independent clauses but no dependent (subordinate) clauses

EXAMPLE:1) I ate dinner, and I did my homework.

Independent clause: I ate dinner

Independent clause: I did my homework

Conjunction: and

HINTS:

1) Look for coordinating conjunctions (FAN BOYS.)

2) Look for semicolons

Has the elements of BOTH a complex sentence AND a compound sentence

EXAMPLE:1) When my mother came home, I ate dinner, and I did my homework.

Independent clause: I ate dinner.

Independent clause: I did my homework.

Dependent clause: When my mother came home

Conjunction: and

Can stand all by itself

Doesn’t need any help

Can NOT stand alone

DEPENDS on something else to help it survive

Think of an adult. They are independent. They can stand alone.

Think of a baby. They DEPEND on their parents to help them survive. They CANNOT stand alone.

Architects design buildings.

Architects create blueprintsArchitects create blueprints,, andand these blueprints help the contractors these blueprints help the contractors to build the buildings.to build the buildings.

Because there is a system called Because there is a system called Computer Aided DesignComputer Aided Design,, the the architects are able to make architects are able to make blueprints.blueprints.

While they are looking at the While they are looking at the blueprintsblueprints, , sometimes the sometimes the contractors find mistakescontractors find mistakes,, andand the the architect will have to make architect will have to make correctionscorrections..

LAST MAN STANDINGLAST MAN STANDING

I will place a sentence on the screen.I will place a sentence on the screen. When you see the sentence, decide what type of When you see the sentence, decide what type of

object is the boldfaced word. Is it an “simple,” object is the boldfaced word. Is it an “simple,” “compound” “complex” or “compound-complex?”“compound” “complex” or “compound-complex?”

On the count of three, you will hold up the card On the count of three, you will hold up the card that shows your answer choice.that shows your answer choice.

If you get the answer correct, then you will If you get the answer correct, then you will remain standing. If you get it wrong, I will ask remain standing. If you get it wrong, I will ask you to sit down.you to sit down.

Your objective is to be the last one standing.Your objective is to be the last one standing.

I can do many exciting I can do many exciting things.things.

SIMPLE

Although I am able to do many Although I am able to do many exciting things, I have difficulty exciting things, I have difficulty finding time to do them.finding time to do them.

COMPLEX

While going to the store, I found a While going to the store, I found a little puppy, and I took it home. little puppy, and I took it home.

COMPOUND

Jose studied many hours for his test. Jose studied many hours for his test.

SIMPLE

Most of the students enjoyed the Most of the students enjoyed the reading, but many of them were too reading, but many of them were too lazy to complete it. lazy to complete it.

COMPOUND

While she attended the basketball While she attended the basketball game, Callie ran into Michael Jordan. game, Callie ran into Michael Jordan.

COMPLEX

Callie ran into Michael Jordan while Callie ran into Michael Jordan while she attended the basketball game. she attended the basketball game.

COMPLEX

She couldn’t contain her excitement. She couldn’t contain her excitement.

SIMPLE

When she tripped and fell, she hurt When she tripped and fell, she hurt her leg. her leg.

COMPLEX

The students will organize a coat-and-The students will organize a coat-and-hat drive this winter, for homeless hat drive this winter, for homeless people often do not have warm people often do not have warm clothes.clothes.

COMPOUND

Sean tutors, and he helps students Sean tutors, and he helps students learn language arts. learn language arts.

COMPOUND

Some children have no books, and Some children have no books, and volunteers can hold book drives for volunteers can hold book drives for them. them.

COMPOUND

Mr. Luizzo, who is a retired pilot, Mr. Luizzo, who is a retired pilot, talked to us about his experiences in talked to us about his experiences in enemy territory. enemy territory.

COMPLEX

Although the Foster Grandparent Although the Foster Grandparent Program is more than 30 years old, Program is more than 30 years old, many people do not know about it.many people do not know about it.

COMPLEX

The story, which made them laugh, The story, which made them laugh, was about a monkey. was about a monkey.

COMPLEX

SENTENCE TYPES REVIEW AND PRACTICE

Directions: In each of the following sentences, put parenthesis ( ) around INDEPENDENT CLAUSES, underline _________ each DEPENDENT CLAUSE, X each COORDINATING CONJUNCTION, and circle each SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION.

After analyzing the sentence, decide on the sentence type: simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.

a. Simple b. Compound c. Complex d. Compound-Complex

1. Cathy loves science, and she is very good in algebra.2. The kind students worked hard, and the teacher appreciated it.3. During the break, the students bought lunch and ice cream.4. We will go out for ice cream after we eat the delicious fried liver.5. She went to the movie because the bowling alley was closed.6. Before you finish the test, you should check your answers, but you

may not talk to your partner.7. After the delicious meal, the old man fell asleep.8. The boy sold his stereo which was very old.9. Since it is the end of the quarter, we have no school on Monday.10.We went to the game, but our parents went out to dinner.

SENTENCE TYPES REVIEW AND PRACTICE

Directions: In each of the following sentences, put parenthesis ( ) around INDEPENDENT CLAUSES, underline _________ each DEPENDENT CLAUSE, X each COORDINATING CONJUNCTION, and circle each SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION.

After analyzing the sentence, decide on the sentence type: simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.

a. Simple b. Compound c. Complex d. Compound-Complex

11.Kim, Jolanda, and Johnny played in the game.12.My friend likes to sing, but she has a really bad voice.13.The old lady likes to watch movies, but the old man likes to read books.14.We saw the movie after we read the book.15.The examples that you studied last night should prepare you for the

test, but you still need to check each answer16.The student smiled when he finished the language arts test.17.Mr. Smith, who was leaving the room in a hurry, hit his toe on the door,

but he did not break it.18.Many students like the teacher who needs a hearing aid.19.The teacher sensed that the students were confused, so she asked for

more effort from the group.20.The student received a letter because he was getting ready for the trip;

he needs to get it signed.