Presentation Title

My name

My position, contact information

or project description

“The biggest problem with communication is the illusion that it has been accomplished.”

-George Bernard Shaw

“I always think a great speaker convinces us not by force of reasoning but because he is visibly enjoying the beliefs he wants us to accept.”

-W.B. Yeats

What Makes a Good Presentation?

• Some things to think about

- presenter

- resources

- structure

1. What is your experience of giving presentations?

2. What do you like about it?

3. What do you dislike about it?

Fear of Public Speaking

• Population • No.1 fear=Public Speaking• Fear No.2=Death

• Stage fright

-In spotlight

-unprepared

-inexperienced

“The mind is a wonderful thing………

It starts working the moment you are born, and never stops ……….

Until you get up to speak in public!!”

Presentation Skills

What is a presentation?

Presentation aims to inform to persuade

people To buy a product

an idea

How do you that?

• By working on their paradigms. By making them see that a glass is half-filled rather than half-empty.

making them

do something according to your objectives

• By persuading them to

What should you do?

• WIIFM

What’s happening?

What should happen

GAP

“as is” “should be”BLOCKAGES

Your product / idea

Preparing Content

• Analyze your AUDIENCE.• Define what ACTION you want them to

take.• Arrange your ARGUMENT to move

them.

3 A’s

Analyze Your Audience

• What are their names, titles, backgrounds, reasons for attending, etc…?

• What are their big concerns?• What are their objectives, fears, hot

buttons, and attitudes?

Analyze Your Audience• What is their perception of you and

your group?• What are their questions likely to

be?• What is personally at stake for

them?• How much detail do they need?

PRESENTATION PLAN SHEETObjective:

Content:

Audience Analysis:

AudienceComposition

Needs Attitudes Position /Background

Age /Gender

Turn-on Turn-off

Types of Audience

• Open or actively unfriendly• Unfriendly• Neutral• Undecided• Uninformed• Supporting • Openly or actively supportive

BULL DOG(sees everything)

HORSE(accepts everything)

MONKEY(knows everything)

FROG

(talks and talks)

DOE(shy)

PORCUPINE

(always resisting)

HIPPOPOTAMUS

(no reaction)

GIRAFFE

(superman)

FOX

(asks wily questions)TYPES OF AUDIENCE

Define What Action

• What action do you want the audience to take?

• Define it in terms of the audience.• What will they feel, believe, and do

after hearing your talk?

Arranging Your Argument

1. Get to the point.

2. Present your theme.

3. Tell ‘Em3.

4. Develop your agenda point by point.

5. Summarize and recommend.

IDEA PRESENTATIONLISTENER/AUDIENCEFrame of Reference

WHY SHOULD I LISTEN?

WHAT’S THE BIG IDEA?

WHAT’S IN IT FOR ME?

HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT THAT’S IN IT FOR ME?

YES, BUT...

LET’S MAKE SURE I UNDERSTAND

OK. HOW DO I BEGIN?

PRESENTERDelivery Sequence

INITIAL BENEFIT STATEMENT

IDEA

BENEFIT(S)

RATIONALE

DEAL WITH OBJECTIONS

SUMMARY

ACTION

STEPS TO A WINNING PRESENTATION DEFINE OBJECTIVES

CREATE OPENING

ADD SPICE

TAILOR TO AUDIENCE

DESIGN CLOSE

OUTLINE BODY

DESIGN VISUALS

CREATE CHEAT SHEETS

REHEARSE

Options in Materials Sequence

FUNNEL OUTLINE• General• Relative• Specific

ACTION PLAN OUTLINE• Objective/Strategy• Program of Activities• Timetable• Responsibilities• Budget

Options in Materials Sequence

PROBLEM-SOLVING OUTLINE• Problem• Causes (substantial)• Recommended Solutions• Best Recommendation

PHASES OUTLINE• Historical Facts• Present Data• Projections

Options in Materials Sequence

OBSERVATION OUTLINE• Main Observation• Analysis• Conclusion

What Is A Good Presenter?

“A presenter should be like a mini skirt:

Long enough to cover the vital parts,

and short enough to attract attention.”

Introduction

Introduction is probably the most important part. ThePurpose of the introduction is “to tell the audience what you are going to tell them”. You should remember that there is no second chance for a first bad impression. If you start off badlyyou will spoil everything.During the introduction you need to achieve the following aims:

gain Attention

attract Interest

create Desire

stimulate Action

Getting Started - Greeting The Audience

• Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.• Welcome to my presentation.• It’s very nice to see you all here today.• Can we get started?• Let me say just a few words about my background...

What you need to do first is to greet your audience. Here are some useful phrases:

Then you proceed to the introduction to your topic

Possible Introduction Scheme:

1. Start with welcoming courtesies/introduce yourself

2. State the purpose of your talk, using one of the techniques

3. Give a route map (tell them how long will your presentation take)

4. give the rules (do you allow to be interrupted or should your

audience keep questions until the end)

Some useful phrases

• What I want to do this morning is to …..

• My talk will take about 30 minutes.

• During my presentation, I’m going to be focusing on four main areas.

• I’ll be giving out copies of my transparencies at the end.

• If you have any questions, or comments you’d like to make,

please don’t hesitate to stop me.

Five key techniques

• The interesting fact• The challenging

rhetorical question• The relevant quotation• The shared history• The personal story /

your expert opinion!

Making An Effective Opening

• Give them a problem to think about (Suppose you... Why is it that...)

• Give them some amazing facts.(Did you know that ...)

• Give them a story or a personal anecdote (stories always atract attention)

• Use a citation (if you want to start on a more philosophical note)

• Make a funny remark (but be careful with humour, not all jokes work well)

• Record a music piece perhaps (if appropriate for the topic)

There are several ways how to attract the audience right from the beginning. Think of one of the following techniques to introduce your talk:

• A strong quotation• An analogy or example• Get audience to do something• Ask a question• State a real, dramatic or humorous situation• Refer to a current event• Use an imaginary situation• A strong, dramatic visual aid

Creative Openings

Signposting

I’d like to...

Let’s consider..

Let me now turn to...

To go back for a moment...

Let’s take a look at..

When you drive on roads you follow the signs and you cannot get lost. Similarly, when you give a presentation, you need to give signals to your audience to know where they are and what is coming next. They know it because you tell them by giving signposts at the beginning and all along the way. This technique is called 'signposting' (or 'signalling').

Look at this example:"I'll start by describing the current position in Europe. Then I'll move on to some of the achievements we've made in Asia. After that I'll consider the opportunities we see for further expansion in Africa. Lastly, I'll quickly recap before concluding with some recommendations."

Singposting is the halmark of the language of presentations. The more you use the signposting phrases, the lighter and easier the language becomes. Signposting phrases will help you lead your audience; they will know where you are going.

Use singposting in your presentations

Good afternoon everybody. I’d like to thank you all for coming here today and listen to me. I hope by the end of the day you will leave with a knowledge of what equipment can do for you and how the government can benefit by using it.If you would like to take notes, please do so. However, all of you will be given a handout at the end of my presentation.

I am going to talk today about a new product, a breath control measurement instrument ALCOTEST. The first such product was introduced to the market 40 years ago and has been used all over the world.

The new range of products I’m going to familiarise you with are the Alcotest 7110 MK III and Alcotest 7410. Now, the main purpose of the talk, of my talk, is to outline the major benefits of using these models.

Before doing so, I would like you to look at some general technical features which I hope you will find encouraging. Then I’ll move on to the benefits for the users.Let’s look at some figures. I’ll put them on the screen now. As you can see the Alcotest comes as a portable instrument, integrated in a metal case, including heatable sampling hose, a 40-digit alphanumerical display, integrated printer, mains connection and 12 V battery.

Use singposting in your presentations

Ending your talk

When you come to the end of your presentation you need to indicate this to the people. Don’t just end up abruptly without giving a conclusion.The purpose of the conclusion is to “tell the people what you have told them”.

Follow this scheme:• summarise facts• give recommendations• give proposals

Thank the audience

Invite questions

Ending your talk : useful phrases

Thanking the audience & Inviting questions

• Thank you for your attention and if you have any questions I’ll be pleased to answer them.• I’ll be happy to answer any questions.• Are there any questions you’d like to ask?

Wrapping up• This brings me to the end of my presentation.• Let me just run over the key points again…• To sum up briefly…• To conclude …• As we’ve seen…• So, my recommendation is ….• I would welcome any suggestions.

PRESENTATION PLAN SHEETObjective:

Content:

Audience Analysis:

AudienceComposition

Needs Attitudes Position /Background

Age /Gender

Turn-on Turn-off

IDEA PRESENTATIONLISTENER/AUDIENCEFrame of Reference

WHY SHOULD I LISTEN?

WHAT’S THE BIG IDEA?

WHAT’S IN IT FOR ME?

HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT THAT’S IN IT FOR ME?

YES, BUT...

LET’S MAKE SURE I UNDERSTAND

OK. HOW DO I BEGIN?

PRESENTERDelivery Sequence

INITIAL BENEFIT STATEMENT

IDEA

BENEFIT(S)

RATIONALE

DEAL WITH OBJECTIONS

SUMMARY

ACTION

STEPS TO A WINNING PRESENTATION DEFINE OBJECTIVES

CREATE OPENING

ADD SPICE

TAILOR TO AUDIENCE

DESIGN CLOSE

OUTLINE BODY

DESIGN VISUALS

CREATE CHEAT SHEETS

REHEARSE

DAY 2

Maybe you are new at talking to a large group of people and you are a shy person to begin with. Don’t feel bad about it! Feeling nervous is a typical thing many people experience. There are little ways to resolve this problem;

• holding small objects in your hand but don’t let the crowd notice.

OR• Imagining the audience is

not there watching you or your friends are the audience which is very comforting.

• Dry mouth: bite side of the tongue, sip water• Too much saliva: breath through mouth• Tight throat: yawn with your mouth closed • Short of breath: apply pressure on lower

abdomen• Butterflies: tense & relax muscles of abdomen• Drying Up: look at your note, repeat what you

have just said• Gestures • Practice

Controlling Nerves

• Use Cards - tie/number• Use headings/subheadings• Bullet points• Colour code/shorthand• Underline/indent• Write out first/last sentence in full• Memorise introduction• Rehearse• Use large visible printing

Making Notes

Effective Communication

• Preparation

• Practice

• Presence

Volume

Pitch

Speed

Mumbling

Voice drop

Too high

Too low

Monotonous

Hesitancy

Gabbling

Voice

SPEAKING

– Talk at a natural, moderate rate of speech

– Project your voice. – Speak clearly and

distinctly. – Repeat critical

information. – Pause briefly to give your

audience time to digest the information on each new slide.

– Don’t read the slides aloud. Your audience can read them far faster than you can talk.

Things You Shouldn’t Do

• Read directly from notes• Read directly from screen• Turn back on audience• Slouch, hands in pockets• No um, ah, you know’s• No nervous gestures• Talk too fast, • Talk too quietly

Things You Should Do

• Eye contact• Can glance at

notes• Appropriate

gestures• Rhetorical

questions to involve audience

Ten Successful TipsControl the “Butterflies”

• Know the room- become familiar with the place of presentation

• Know the audience- greet or chat with the audience before hand. It’s easier to speak to friends than to strangers

• Know your material-increased nervousness is due to un-preparedness

Control the “Butterflies”

• Gain experience-experience builds confidence, which is key to effective public speaking

Presentation Design

– FOCUS. In general, using a few powerful slides is the aim.

– Don’t overload your slides with too much text or data.

– Let the picture or graphic tell the story. Avoid text. – Number your slides and give them a title. – Prepare a company logo slide for your

presentation. – You can add a logo and other graphics to every

slide using the slide master feature.

VISUAL ELEMENT– A font size of 28 to 34 with a bold font is recommended for

subtitles. The title default size is 44. Use a san serif font for titles.

– Use clear, simple visuals. Don’t confuse the audience. – Use contrast: light on dark or dark on light. – Graphics should make a key concept clearer. – Place your graphics in a similar location within each screen. – The drawing toolbar is extremely useful You can:

• Insert clip art • Insert pictures • Use Word Art • Use text boxes • Insert charts and diagrams • Insert arrows, banners, and thought balloons.

TEXT– Font size must be large enough to be easily read.

Size 28 to 34 with a bold font is recommended. – It is distracting if you use too wide a variety of

fonts. – Overuse of text is a common mistake.

• Too much text makes the slide unreadable. You may just as well show a blank slide. Stick to a few key words.

• If your audience is reading the slides they are not paying attention to you. If possible, make your point with graphics instead of text.

• You can use Word Art, or a clip art image of a sign, to convey text in a more interesting way.

BACKGROUNDS

– Backgrounds should never distract from the presentation.

– Using the default white background is hard on the viewer’s eyes. You can easily add a design style or a color to the background.

– Backgrounds that are light colored with dark text, or vice versa, look good. A dark background with white font reduces glare.

– Colors appear lighter when projected. Pale colors often appear as white.

– Consistent backgrounds add to a professional appearance.

– For a long presentation, you may want to change background designs when shifting to a new topic.

Timing - Practicing Your Presentation,

– Talk through your presentation to see how much time you use for each slide.

– Set the automatic slide transition to the amount of time you want to spend discussing each slide.

– Change the automatic slide transition settings for individual slides to fit the amount of time needed for that slide and practice again. Are you still within the time limit?

“The key to effective presentations is to manage the relationship

between yourself and the audience so that a good rapport is developed

with them”

Presentation Skills

Short sharp paragraphs Simple words Repeat key phrases for effect Repeat key phrases for effect Avoid catch phrases Humour Anecdotes: real-life examples Rhetorical questions: don’t

require answers

Presentation Skills

Size of room Tables and

chairs Sockets Lights Equipment Display table Entrance

Check :

Presentation Checklist

30 minutes before Arrange table & chairs Set up equipment Catering Display Start Promptly Finish on Time

Presentation Day & Practice

Now is the time to deliver your whole presentation to the group using all of the delivery techniques we have discussed.

Practice takes you from this..

To this….

Pre-Talk Preparation

– Plan to get there a few minutes early to set up and test the equipment.

– Dress appropriately for your audience. – Turn off your cell phone. – Handouts:

• Edward , the leading expert on visual presentation techniques, advises speakers to always prepare a handout when giving a PowerPoint presentation.

• Make about 10% more handouts than you expect to use. • Distribute handouts at the beginning of your talk.

• Dress

• Posture

• Facial Expression

• Voice

• Movement

• Gesture

• Eye Contact

Body Language

BODY LANGUAGE

– Keep your eyes on the audience – Use natural gestures. – Don’t turn your back to the audience. – Don’t hide behind the lectern. – Avoid looking at your notes. Only use them as

reference points to keep you on track. Talk, don’t read.

QUESTIONS – Always leave time for a few questions at the end of the talk. – If you allow questions during the talk, the presentation time will

be about 25% more than the practice time. – You can jump directly to a slide by typing its number or by right-

clicking during the presentation and choosing from the slide titles.

– Relax. If you’ve done the research you can easily answer most questions.

– Some questions are too specific or personal. Politely refuse to answer.

– If you can’t answer a question, say so. Don’t apologize. “I don’t have that information. I’ll try to find out for you.”

Preparation at home

When you plan your presentation you need to answer the following questions:

1. Who is my audience (how much do they know about my topic?)

2. How am I going to organise my topic? (it needs to tell a story)

3. How long should my presentation be? (you will have time limits and you need to say everything within that limit)

4. What visual support shall I use? (PowerPoint, transparencies, models, objects...?)

Warm up!

• Deep breathing exercises- in for a count of 5, out for a count of 5. In for 6, out for 6, and so on, up to 10.

• Hum! This loosens the vocal chords and warms them up

• Do some tongue twisters. Really try to articulate the words. Get faster and faster!

• Yawn.

Tongue Twisters!

• Unique New York• She sells sea shells by the sea shore.

The shells that she sells are sea shells I’m sure

• Red Lorry, Yellow Lorry• Peter Piper picked a peck of picked

peppers• Rubber buggy baby bumpers

Giving the Presentation, cont:

• Clothing: comfortable, appropriate• Maintain eye contact• Use notes if you need them• Think about when to use handouts

PowerPoint

Good Points• Portable• Professional• Can add graphics• Clear • Can use for handouts

Bad points• Depends on technology• Lack of audience contact• Can’t add to it• Overcrowded

Facing your fearsPossible fears, and how to deal with them:• Forgetting what to say: prepare and use notes or cue cards. If you do forget, take a

deep breath, and don’t panic, as you’ll forget even more!• Speaking in front of people: practice in front of a small audience first. Look just about

the heads of the audience. Sometimes you will be nervous: accept it and carry on

• Disruptions, people shouting out or being rude during your presentation: You control the presentation. If people are being noisy, disruptive, or rude, you have the right to ask them to leave. If you’re unwilling to do this yourself, contact venue security if they are present.

• Getting lost: Allow plenty of time to get to the venue, take a contact number to call if you get lost, plan out the route beforehand, take a taxi if needed

• Questions: not knowing the answer to questions, people asking questions to trip you up: Prepare for common questions beforehand, if you can’t answer straight away, take their details and get back to them

Possible fears, and how to deal with them:

• Forgetting what to say: prepare and use notes or cue cards. If you do forget,

take a deep breath, and don’t panic, as you’ll forget even more!

• Speaking in front of people: practice in front of a small audience first. Look

just about the heads of the audience. Sometimes you will be nervous: accept

it and carry on

• Disruptions, people shouting out or being rude during your presentation: You

control the presentation. If people are being noisy, disruptive, or rude, you

have the right to ask them to leave. If you’re unwilling to do this yourself,

contact venue security if they are present.

• Getting lost: Allow plenty of time to get to the venue, take a contact number to

call if you get lost, plan out the route beforehand, take a taxi if needed

• Questions: not knowing the answer to questions, people asking questions to

trip you up: Prepare for common questions beforehand, if you can’t answer

straight away, take their details and get back to them

Flipcharts and Whiteboards

Good Points• Low-tech• Easy to add to • More contact with audience• More interactive

Bad Points• Can only use once• Can’t add graphics• Can be hard to read

• Hard to see

Flipcharts and Whiteboard Tips

• Don’t hide!• Draw lines if needed• Pay attention to colour• Call ahead to check on facilities• Stick to a few key points

Dealing with Questions

• Questions show people are listening!• Allow time to deal with them• Decide when to answer them• Try and anticipate• Don’t be afraid to stop and think

What if I don’t know the answer?

• Open it to the floor• Take details and answer later• Repeat the question back if you don’t

understand it

Body LanguageNO-NO’s• Lean on or grip the podium• Rock or sway in place• Stand immobile• Use a single gesture repeatedly• Examine or bite your fingernails

Body LanguageNO-NO’s• Cross your arms in front of your chest• Use obviously practiced or stilted

gestures• Chew gum or eat candy• Click or tap your pen, pencil or pointer

Body LanguageNO-NO’s• Lean into the microphone• Shuffle your notes unnecessarily• Tighten your tie or otherwise play with

your clothing• Crack your knuckles• Jangle change or key in your pocket

Voice• Voice Intelligibility

–Articulation–Pronunciation–Vocalized pauses–Overuse of stock expressions–Substandard grammar

• Voice Variability–Rate of speech–Volume–Pitch or tone–Emphasis

Preparing Content

• Analyze your AUDIENCE.• Define what ACTION you want

them to take.• Arrange your ARGUMENT to move

them.

3 A’s

Analyze Your Audience

• What are their names, titles, backgrounds, reasons for attending, etc…?

• What are their big concerns?• What are their objectives, fears, hot

buttons, and attitudes?

Analyze Your Audience• What is their perception of you

and your institution?• What are their questions likely to

be?• What is personally at stake for

them?• How much detail do they need?

Define What Action

• What action do you want the audience to take?

• Define it in terms of the audience.• What will they feel, believe, and do

after hearing your talk?

Arranging Your Argument

1. Shake hands with the audience.

2. Get to the point.

3. Present your theme.

4. Tell ‘Em3.

5. Develop your agenda point by point.

6. Summarize and recommend.

Visual Aids

(not the stars of the show)

Design Concepts

•Big

•Simple

•Clear

Big

•Should be able to read everything from the back row

•At least 28 pt, preferably 36

•Use the floor test

Simple

•No more than 6 lines

•No more than 7 words per line

Clear•Arial or Helvetica

•Blue background with yellow text

•Avoid overuse of red, shadows, animation and transitions

•Beware of busy backgrounds

Clear•Clip art should add to the content

•Ditto on sound clips

•Use a different background only to emphasize one slide

Visual Aids

should be

on the

speaker’s

left.

Questions & Answers

“Does anyone have any questions for my answers?”

-Henry Kissinger

Questions & Answers• Beginning of a whole new

interactive presentation• Opportunity to make a point• Most presentations are won or

lost here

Questions & Answers• Anticipate lines of questioning• Rehearse• Don’t rank questions• Keep answers brief• Be honest—don’t BS• Avoid negative words

• Don’t repeat negative questions

• Clarify question• Defer to experts• Move your eyes off

questioner• If negative, end

your response focused on somebody else

NEVER argue with a member of

the audience.

THE RULE

• Look at the questioner.• Remain neutral and attentive.• Listen to the whole question.• Pause before you respond.• Address the questioner, then move your

eyes to others.

Instead…

Easy as A B C

“I can’t Answer that question Because …, but I Can tell you…”

“Better to keep your mouth shut and appear ignorant than open it and remove all doubt.”

-Mark Twain

“Make sure you have finished speaking before your audience has finished listening.”

-Dorothy Sarnoff

1. Plan 2. Prepare

3. Practice

4. Present

Steps in Giving Presentation

1. Planning

• Who is your audience?• Why are they there?• What is your goal?• How long will it be?• Where will it take place?

Questions?

Business Card Test

• elevator test. • "sell" your message in 30-45 seconds. • the David Belasco test while you're in the planning

stages.• David Belasco was a producer who insisted that the core

idea for every successful play he produced could be written as a simple sentence on the back of a business card. Try it.

• you may want to think again and get your message down pat in your mind.

• This too is certainly something you do before you ever begin to open up PowerPoint (Keynote).

3 things

If your audience could remember only three things about your presentation, what would you want it to be?

(1)_____________

(2)_____________

(3)_____________

Start your Outline

• No Powerpoint• Film with no script• Pencil & Paper• Order your thoughts• Key points

Structure

Have a sound, clear structure

Create interest

“We need to open gaps before we close them. Our tendency is to tell people the facts. First, though, they must realize that they need these facts.”

Dan & Chip Heath, Make it Stick

Introduction

Main theme

Summary/Conclusions

Structure

Get Attention

Content

Key message

• Structure for each slide• Rhetorical question linking each slide.

2. Preparation

Speaker’s 3 friends

1. Personal Notes

2. Visuals

3. Handouts

Powerpoint Factory

Some things to avoid….

Powerpoint Karaoke

• The evils of Powerpoint are familiar to everyone, they include: – Too much text– Too small to read and is really only serving as a crutch for the presenter– Clip Art and Slide templates that have been seen a million times– Spinning, wooshing, dazzlings animations

Part of the problem with having so much text onscreen is that it puts of people. If the idea of your presentation is to read from the slides then we are you there? Besides people can read quicker than you can talk so they’ll have finished reading your slide and be waiting for the next one, or even worse working on a masterpience doodle.

Your presentation, Powerpoint or otherwise, should be a supporting aid – you want main the focus on you not your presentation. Ideally, you should be able to deliver an equally interesting presentation should the projector/computer/room/audience break.

Avoid too many bullets as well – it makes the information dull for the audience.

• The evils of Powerpoint are familiar to everyone, they include:

– Too much text– Too small to read and is really only serving as a crutch for the presenter– Clip Art and Slide templates that have been seen a million times– Spinning, wooshing, dazzlings animations

Part of the problem with having so much text onscreen is that it puts of people. If the idea of your presentation is to read from the slides then we are you there? Besides people can read quicker than you can talk so they’ll have finished reading your slide and be waiting for the next one, or even worse working on a masterpiece doodle.

Your presentation, Powerpoint or otherwise, should be a supporting aid – you want main the focus on you not your presentation. Ideally, you should be able to deliver an equally interesting presentation should the projector/computer/room/audience break.

Avoid too many bullets as well – it makes the information dull for the audience.

A few guidelines

“should have ten slides, last no more than twenty minutes, and contain no font smaller than thirty points.”

Guy Kawaski

10/ 20/ 30 rule

Colour

Use colour well

High quality images

Use images to support your point

Use a consistent theme

3. Practice

• Lack of experience• Lack of preparation• Lack of enthusiasm• Negative self-talk

Feeling Nervous?

Presenting Fitness

Practice• Room

• Everything

• Technology

It’s not about you

Focus on your goal• what you are going to say

Audience• Make them comfortable• Interesting

• Be over-prepared• Rehearse and practice• Know your subject• Use relaxation techniques• Be positive +++• Avoid stressors

Becoming Confident

But most importantly……

Presenting Fitness

We provide free presentation practice

4. Presenting

The most powerful visual aid

• words

• voice

• body language

Make a strong start

Show your passion

• Eye contact

Smile

Dealing with Questions

TRACT technique

1. Thank the questioner

2. Repeat the question

3. Answer the question

4. Check with the questioner if they are satisfied

5. Thank them again